Calcium channels t type. Medical search. Frequent questions

Calcium channel blockers are believed to act on the vascular smooth muscle, dilating the pulmonary resistance vessels and lowering the pulmonary artery pressure. (medscape.com)
Parenteral prostanoids are used for patients whose IPAH fails to respond to calcium channel blockers or who cannot tolerate these agents and who have New York Heart Association (NYHA) type III or IV right-sided heart failure. (medscape.com)
Second, pharmacoepidemiological evidence supports the possibility that calcium channel blockers, which target LTCCs, might have beneficial effects on the onset or course of these disorders. (uea.ac.uk)
This is especially true for calcium channel blockers that are brain penetrant. (uea.ac.uk)
Patients with a stable progression of chronic renal failure with a creatinine clearance of 15-45 mL/min were randomly assigned to two groups of antihypertensive therapy: 1--nisoldipine as the only antihypertensive agent and 2--antihypertensive drugs without calcium channel blockers and a placebo tablet instead of nisoldipine. (nih.gov)
The patients were already on a low-protein diet and some form of antihypertensive therapy but without calcium channel blockers. (nih.gov)
Furthermore, punch biopsies of the skin showed a markedly different calcium content in the two groups, which was significantly less in the nisoldipine-treated patients as compared with the patients not receiving calcium blockers. (nih.gov)
Calcium-channel blockers are a type of medicine used to treat high blood pressure and heart rhythm disturbances. (medlineplus.gov)
Other medicines may also contain calcium-channel blockers. (medlineplus.gov)
The authors of this study found that in hemochromatosis patients the calcium channel blockers, such as amlodipine (Norvasc), verapamil or diltiazem will stop the accumulation of toxic levels of iron in these organs. (askdrray.com)
By using calcium channel blockers, heart drugs that are already on the market, it is possible to prevent accumulation of iron to the point of toxic levels. (askdrray.com)
Further clinical trials on a larger patient population are necessary to determine who will benefit most from this approach of treating iron overload conditions with calcium channel blockers and what dosage to take. (askdrray.com)
Several antihypertensive medications, including thiazide diuretics, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and calcium channel blockers, in principle, can be used as initial monotherapy in patients with hypertension. (medscape.com)
If the BP goal is not achieved, thiazide-type diuretics should be used as initial therapy for most patients, either alone or in combination with one of the other classes (ie, ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers) that have also been shown to reduce one or more hypertensive complications in randomized controlled outcome trials. (medscape.com)
at the end, diuretics were found to be as effective at preventing major coronary events, or even superior in preventing heart failure, compared with calcium channel blockers or ACE inhibitors. (medscape.com)
Questioning the renoprotective role of L-type calcium channel blockers in chronic kidney disease using physiological modeling. (nih.gov)
Diltiazem is a nondihydropyridine (non-DHP) member of the class of drugs known as calcium channel blockers, used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, and some types of arrhythmia. (adooq.com)
Calcium channel blockers and nitrates both decrease LES pressure but do not improve LES relaxation. (medscape.com)
Newswise - Two types of blood pressure medications - alpha blockers and alpha 2 agonist - show increased variability in blood pressure measurements between doctor visits, which is associated with an increased risk of death, according to new research from the Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute in Salt Lake City. (newswise.com)
Those medications include ace inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, and thiazide diuretics. (newswise.com)
Has Anyone Used Calcium Channel Blockers? (dinet.org)
I was wondering if any one has tried using calcium channel blockers (especially verapamil) because I have recently been prescribed to take some and I am kind of hesitant and scared to take it. (dinet.org)
When I went to Mayo and was diagnosed I was told that calcium channel blockers do not help POTS at all. (dinet.org)
Calcium channel blockers are used to treat hypertension, but they are generally not the first choice for the treatment of hypertension. (dinet.org)
Verapamil- or diltiazem-type calcium channel blockers may affect ECG and/or blood pressure. (nih.gov)

Like the others of this class, the α1 subunit forms the pore through which calcium enters the cell and determines most of the channel's properties. (wikipedia.org)
This α1 subunit is also known as the calcium channel, voltage-dependent, R type, alpha 1E subunit (CACNA1E) or Cav2.3 which in humans is encoded by the CACNA1E gene. (wikipedia.org)
First, there is now robust genomic evidence that common variants in VGCC subunit genes, notably CACNA1C which encodes the L-type calcium channel (LTCC) CaV1.2 subunit, are trans-diagnostically associated with psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. (uea.ac.uk)
The alpha-1 subunit is the binding site for calcium-based antagonists. (lookformedical.com)
Our results suggest that modest changes in intracellular anion concentration can produce significant effects on CaV1.2 currents mediated by changes in channel open probability involving β subunit interactions with the N terminus and a short C terminal region. (nebraska.edu)
The pore-forming α 1 subunit of L-type voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels is pharmacologically modulated by dihydropyridine (DHP) Ca 2+ antagonists and agonists. (psu.edu)
As a direct approach to elucidating the physiological significance of N-type VDCCs, we have generated mice genetically deficient in the α 1B subunit (Ca v 2.2). (elsevierpure.com)

Nifedipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. (medscape.com)
Second, a pilot study was conducted on the function of L‐type voltage gated calcium channels (VGCCs) by inhibiting these channels with nifedipine (Nf) and measuring calcium influx in monolayer or gene expression from 3D cell‐embedded alginate constructs subject to dynamic compression. (shu.ac.uk)

Inhibition of Ca channel current by luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) was studied in freshly dissociated bullfrog sympathetic ganglion neurons using whole-cell recording. (jneurosci.org)
Opioid receptor agonists are known to alter the activity of membrane ionic conductances and receptor-activated channels in CNS neurons and, via these mechanisms, to modulate neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission. (jneurosci.org)
Because these channels can cause large calcium transients they may contribute to the vulnerability of specific SNc dopamine neurons in Parkinson's Disease. (nih.gov)
CALCIUM CHANNELS located in the neurons of the brain. (lookformedical.com)
Voltage-gated calcium channels control key functions of excitable cells, like synaptic transmission in neurons and the contraction of heart and skeletal muscles. (elifesciences.org)
Recently, their activity has been related to the block of N-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (Cav2.2) in dorsal root ganglia ( DRG ) neurons . (bvsalud.org)
The activation of L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) prevents cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) from entering low-K + -induced apoptosis. (mdpi.com)
Release of calcium from endolysosomes increases calcium influx through N-type calcium channels: Evidence for acidic store-operated calcium entry in neurons. (ox.ac.uk)
however, relatively little is known about how such 'acidic calcium stores' affect calcium signaling in neurons. (ox.ac.uk)
Taken together our data suggest that aSOCE occurs in neurons, that aSOCE plays an important role in regulating the levels and actions of intraneuronal calcium, and that aSOCE is regulated at least in part by exocytotic insertion of N-type calcium channels into plasma membranes through LAMP1-dependent lysosome exocytosis. (ox.ac.uk)

Verapamil (a type of calcium channel blocker) overdose is associated with the highest mortality risk. (medlineplus.gov)
Hi, I was on Verapamil for a while, I think it was the extended release type, if I am remember correctly. (dinet.org)

Diltiazem is a nondihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. (medscape.com)
These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Calcium Channel Blocker. (fpnotebook.com)
Calcium-channel blocker overdose occurs when someone takes more than the normal or recommended amount of this medicine. (medlineplus.gov)
The specific ingredients in each type of calcium-channel blocker vary. (medlineplus.gov)
Taking too much of a calcium-channel blocker can be very dangerous. (medlineplus.gov)
Although studies have suggested that calcium channel blocker (CCB) therapy mitigates the decline in renal function in humans with essential HTN, there are few long-term clinical studies that have determined the impact of CCBs in patients with hypertensive CKD. (nih.gov)
Cilnidipine, an L-/N-type calcium channel blocker (CCB), has unique organ-protective properties due to suppression of hyperactivity in the sympathetic nervous system and renin-angiotensin system (RAS). (tokushima-u.ac.jp)
Amlodipin is L-type calcium channel blocker that displays antihypertensive properties. (adooq.com)
Cilnidipine is a dual blocker of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle and N-type calcium channels in sympathetic nerve terminals that supply. (adooq.com)
Isradipine is a calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class. (adooq.com)
Manidipine 2HCl is a HCl salt form of Manidipine which is a calcium channel blocker for Ca2+ current with IC50 of 2.6 nM. (adooq.com)
Nimodipine is a L-type Ca2+ channel blocker. (adooq.com)
Sular) is a calcium channel blocker belonging to the dihydropyridines class, specific for L-type Cav1.2 with IC50 of 10 nM. (adooq.com)
Azelnidipine is a calcium blocker that attenuates liver fibrosis and may increase antioxidant defence. (adooq.com)
Benidipine hydrochloride is a long-acting T-type calcium channel blocker, on blood pressure and renal function in hypertensive patients with diabetes mellitus. (adooq.com)
and i think one other calcium channel blocker as welll. (dinet.org)

This review examines the role of Ca 2+ and the L-type voltage-dependent Ca 2+ channels in cardiac disease. (jci.org)
Although the L-VDCC subunits are most abundant in fast skeletal transverse tubules, Ca 2+ influx is not required for contraction in skeletal muscle, unlike cardiac muscle, which requires Ca 2+ entry with each beat and triggers Ca 2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) via Ca 2+ -release channels, e.g., ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2). (jci.org)
There is a close correlation between activation of the L-type Ca 2+ current ( I Ca,L ) and cardiac contraction. (jci.org)
Three-dimensional structure of CaV3.1: comparison with the cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium channel monomer architecture. (cam.ac.uk)
We have also determined a three-dimensional structure, at a resolution of 25 A, for the monomeric form of the cardiac L-type voltage-gated calcium (high voltage-activated) channel with accessory proteins beta and alpha2delta bound to the ion channel polypeptide CaV1.2. (cam.ac.uk)
Therefore, tissue-selective calcium agonists have the potential to combat cardiac failure and endocrinological disorders. (lookformedical.com)
Little is known about the native properties of unitary cardiac L-type calcium currents (i ca ) measured with physiological calcium (Ca) ion concentration, and their role in excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling. (johnshopkins.edu)

Abstract: While high threshold voltage-dependent Ca 2+ channels (VDCCs) of the N and P/Q families are crucial for evoked neurotransmitter release in the mammalian CNS, it remains unclear to what extent L-type Ca 2+ channels (LTCCs), which have been mainly considered as acting at postsynaptic sites, participate in the control of transmitter release. (ewha.ac.kr)

During depolarization, diltiazem inhibits the influx of extracellular calcium across both the myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cell membranes. (medscape.com)

The effects of DAMGO were blocked by the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone (1 μ m ) and were dependent on functional NMDA receptors and L-type Ca 2+ channels. (jneurosci.org)
However, the main ingredient is called a calcium-channel antagonist. (medlineplus.gov)
Manidipine is a dihydropyridine compound and calcium channel protein inhibitor and antagonist. (adooq.com)

The blockade of neuronal calcium ion channels is often invoked to partially explain the analgesic activity of TCAs, but there has been very limited experimental or theoretical evidence reported to support this assertion. (rsc.org)
This study provides the most comprehensive evidence to date that supports the notion that the blockade of neuronal calcium ion channels by TCAs is at least partially responsible for their analgesic effect. (rsc.org)
Calcium entry through voltage-gated calcium channels has widespread cellular effects upon a host of physiological processes including neuronal excitability, muscle excitation-contraction coupling, and secretion. (cam.ac.uk)
The L- and T-types are present throughout the cardiovascular and central nervous systems and the N-, P-, Q-, & R-types are located in neuronal tissue. (lookformedical.com)
N-type voltage-dependent Ca 2+ channels (VDCCs), predominantly localized in the nervous system, have been considered to play an essential role in a variety of neuronal functions, including neurotransmitter release at sympathetic nerve terminals. (elsevierpure.com)
A complete and selective elimination of N-type currents, sensitive to ω-conotoxin GVIA, was observed without significant changes in the activity of other VDCC types in neuronal preparations of mutant mice. (elsevierpure.com)
In isolated left atria prepared from N-type-deficient mice, the positive inotropic responses to electrical sympathetic neuronal stimulation were dramatically decreased compared with those of normal mice. (elsevierpure.com)

GH3 rat pituitary cells have L-type voltage-gated calcium channels, and both the rate of uptake of 45Ca2+ and the concentration of intracellular free calcium ion ([Ca2+]i) are increased by depolarization with high potassium. (nih.gov)
By mediating changes in intracellular free calcium, CaV channels act as key mediators of signaling events such as cell depolarization, neurotransmitter and neuropeptide secretion, and regulation of gene expression [ 3 , 4 ]. (hindawi.com)

LHRH inhibited omega-conotoxin- sensitive but not nimodipine-sensitive current and also did not inhibit Bay K 8644-enhanced currents, suggesting that LHRH inhibits N-type but not L-type channels. (jneurosci.org)
L-type calcium currents (I Ca ) are influenced by changes in extracellular chloride, but sites of anion effects have not been identified. (nebraska.edu)

Inhibition of N-type current by LHRH was highly sensitive to the gating state of the channel. (jneurosci.org)
Inhibition could be relieved if channels were activated by short, large test depolarizations or by long, smaller depolarizations. (jneurosci.org)
The state-dependent properties of LHRH block could be simulated by a model that assumes that inhibition by LHRH results from activated G-proteins binding to N-type channels and that (1) G-protein binding stabilizes closed gating states and (2) activation of G-protein- bound channels destabilizes the binding of the G-protein to the channel. (jneurosci.org)
A homology model of the channel, which matches closely a recently reported Cryo-EM structure, was used to investigate via docking and molecular dynamics experiments the possible mode of inhibition of Ca V 2.2 channels by TCAs. (rsc.org)
Another calcium dye, Fura PE3/AM, causes an inhibition of mitosis prior to anaphase that we attribute to a chelation of intracellular calcium. (hindawi.com)
A class of drugs that act by selective inhibition of calcium influx through cellular membranes. (lookformedical.com)
Variance-mean analysis of I Ca and cell-attached patch single channel recordings indicate that gluconate-induced inhibition is due to intracellular anion effects on Ca 2+ channel open probability, not conductance. (nebraska.edu)
Expressing CaV1.2 channels that lacked both N and C termini reduced gluconate inhibition to ∼25% consistent with additive interactions between the two tail regions. (nebraska.edu)

Voltage-dependent calcium channels (CaV channels) are multisubunit transmembrane proteins that are mediators of entry of extracellular calcium ions into cells of nerve, muscle, and endocrine tissues [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
Voltage-dependent cell membrane glycoproteins selectively permeable to calcium ions. (lookformedical.com)
Potassium channels where the flow of K+ ions into the cell is greater than the outward flow. (lookformedical.com)
Cell membrane glycoproteins that form channels to selectively pass chloride ions. (lookformedical.com)
When open, these channels let charged particles (such as calcium ions) through, rapidly altering the electrical potential between the inside and outside the cell. (elifesciences.org)
This study leads to future work on the molecular basis of E-C coupling with a physiological concentration of Ca ions permeating the Ca channel. (johnshopkins.edu)
Inhibits transmembrane influx of calcium ions into smooth muscle, which, in turn, inhibits contraction of the muscle fibers. (medscape.com)

The N-type calcium ion channel (Ca V 2.2) is a well-established target for the treatment of neuropathic pain and in this study a series of eleven TCAs and two closely related drugs were shown to be moderately effective inhibitors of this channel when endogenously expressed in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line. (rsc.org)

A role for calcium signaling in mitosis has been inferred for decades, yet the mechanism underlying calcium elevation during cell division has, to date, not been elucidated. (hindawi.com)

Dihydropyridine-based calcium antagonists are used as markers for these binding sites. (lookformedical.com)
Dihydropyridine (DHP) or L-type CCBs preferentially vasodilate the afferent arteriole and have been associated with glomerular HTN and increases in proteinuria in animal models with low renal function. (nih.gov)

Genome and transcriptome analyses have revealed that some cnidarians possess two versions of the genes encoding T-type calcium channels, and that these gene products differ from one another based on the size and cysteine configurations of their Domain IV turrets. (uwaterloo.ca)
The protein encoded by this gene is part of a potentially heterotetrameric voltage-independent potassium channel that is activated by intracellular calcium. (nih.gov)
This gene is similar to other KCNN family potassium channel genes, but it differs enough to possibly be considered as part of a new subfamily. (nih.gov)
The experiments focused on three genes that code for T-type calcium channels that are involved in CAE and one gene that codes for a transporter that shuttles the drugs out of the brain. (nih.gov)
Two other variants of the calcium channel genes were found in children for whom lamotrigine did work, but one form of the drug transporter gene was associated with a continuation of seizures. (nih.gov)
Dr. Glauser and his colleagues conducted additional experiments using the form of calcium channel gene that was associated with ethosuximide failure in patients. (nih.gov)

The resultant decrease in intracellular calcium inhibits the contractile processes of myocardial smooth muscle cells, resulting in dilation of the coronary and systemic arteries and improved oxygen delivery to the myocardial tissue. (medscape.com)

Furthermore, modeling of the CaV3.1 structure (analogous to CaV1.2 at these resolutions) into the heteromeric L-type voltage-gated calcium channel complex volume reveals multiple interaction sites for beta-CaV1.2 binding and for the first time identifies the size and organization of the alpha2delta polypeptides. (cam.ac.uk)
In a recent study we examined the cellular distribution of CaV1 channels and SNARE proteins in AtT-20s cells and found colocalization of CaV1.2, but not CaV1.3, with components of the synaptic machinery and releasable peptide [ 11 ]. (hindawi.com)

The diversity of CaV channel genes allows for a large number of channel isoforms, and these different isoforms are often expressed in the same cell. (hindawi.com)
For example, two specific forms of the calcium channel genes appeared more often in children for whom ethosuximide did not work. (nih.gov)

These allow blood vessels to relax and stop calcium from entering the muscle cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)

The calcium acts as an intracellular messenger by activating calcium-responsive proteins. (lookformedical.com)
The Transporter Classification Database (or TCDB ) is an International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (IUBMB)-approved classification system for membrane transport proteins , including ion channels . (wikipedia.org)

However, we have recently found that under hyperpolarized conditions, the T-type calcium channel can trigger a large after-depolarization and a corresponding influx of calcium into dopamine neuron dendrites. (nih.gov)

Though strongly effective if applied when channels were mostly in the resting state, LHRH had little effect if applied rapidly during a long depolarization that opened the channels. (jneurosci.org)
One well-established role of calcium channels is the coupling of membrane depolarization to release of neurotransmitters [ 5 , 6 ]. (hindawi.com)
These cells express multiple isoforms of CaV, yet only the CaV1 channels are coupled to CRH- or depolarization-stimulated secretion of ACTH [ 9 , 10 ]. (hindawi.com)

They are poorly understood, but like Q-type calcium channels, they appear to be present in cerebellar granule cells. (wikipedia.org)

The encoded protein may be part of the predominant calcium-activated potassium channel in T-lymphocytes. (nih.gov)

An important objective in calcium channel biology, therefore, is to understand the specific role(s) for each channel isoform, and their integration in different cellular events. (hindawi.com)
These observations suggested that the AtT-20 cell could provide a useful model to examine the possible role for CaV1 channels in another cellular function, mitosis. (hindawi.com)
Ion channels are cellular structures that maintain membrane potential and help 'excitable' cells like nerve and muscle cells produce electrical impulses. (elifesciences.org)

Several studies report clinical and hemodynamic benefits from the use of long-term calcium channel blockade. (medscape.com)
It decreases conduction velocity in AV node and increases refractory period via blockade of calcium influx. (medscape.com)
Blockade of potassium channels prolongs the duration of ACTION POTENTIALS. (lookformedical.com)

Acute visceral pain relief mediated by A3AR agonists in rats: involvement of N-type voltage-gated calcium channels. (bvsalud.org)

In this study we explore the role of transmembrane voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV channels) as regulators of mitosis in the mouse corticotroph cell line (AtT-20). (hindawi.com)
Site-directed mutation of amino acids within transmembrane segments IIIS6 and IVS6 to those characteristic of DHP-insensitive channels revealed 2 mutations in IIIS6 (I1049F and I1052F) and 4 mutations in IVS6 (Y1365I, M1366F, I1372M, and I1373L) with increased K(D) values for (+)-[ 3 H]PN200- 110 binding. (psu.edu)
These results support the hypothesis that transmembrane segments IIIS6 and IVS6 both contribute critical amino acid residues to the DHP receptor site and that Tyr-1048 within transmembrane segment IIIS6 is required for high affinity DHP binding, even though it is conserved between DHP-sensitive and -insensitive Ca 2+ channels. (psu.edu)

Activation is followed by membrane hyperpolarization, which promotes calcium influx. (nih.gov)
Colocalization of channels and the release machinery facilitates coupling between the active calcium channels and the calcium dependent fusion of transmitter-containing vesicles with plasma membrane. (hindawi.com)
For example, voltage-gated calcium channels contain charge-sensing domains that change shape and allow the channel to open once the membrane potential reaches a certain threshold. (elifesciences.org)

These results provide direct evidence that N-type VDCCs are indispensable for the function of the sympathetic nervous system in circulatory regulation and indicate that N-type VDCC-deficient mice will be a useful model for studying disorders attributable to sympathetic nerve dysfunction. (elsevierpure.com)

The L-/N-type CCB cilnidipine, but not amlodipine, decreased urinary albumin excretion in hypertensive patients. (tokushima-u.ac.jp)

The present association study tested whether length variations of two adjacent polymorphic CAG repeats in the coding sequence of a small-conductance, calcium-activated potassium channel (hKCa3) confer susceptibility to common subtypes of idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE). (nih.gov)

Specifically we have used computational modeling, electrophysiology, and two-photon calcium imaging in mouse midbrain slices to show that this hyperpolarization-induced afterdepolarization (HI-ADP) depends on T-type, but not L-type calcium channels. (nih.gov)

To identify the molecular mechanisms governing specific voltage sensing properties, we combined structure modeling, mutagenesis, and electrophysiology to analyze the structures, free energy, and transition kinetics of the activated and resting states of two functionally distinct voltage sensing domains (VSDs) of the eukaryotic calcium channel Ca V 1.1. (elifesciences.org)

Inhibiting L‐type VGCCs with Nf supplementation led to an altered cell calcium influx in response to osmotic loading as well as downregulation of col 1a, aggrecan and ADAMTS‐4 during dynamic compression. (shu.ac.uk)
Conclusions: This study demonstrates the presence of several VGICs in the IVD, with evidence supporting a role for L‐type VGCCs in mechanotransduction. (shu.ac.uk)
A role for voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) in psychiatric disorders has long been postulated as part of a broader involvement of intracellular calcium signalling. (uea.ac.uk)

Long-lasting voltage-gated CALCIUM CHANNELS found in both excitable and nonexcitable tissue. (lookformedical.com)
Agents that increase calcium influx into calcium channels of excitable tissues. (lookformedical.com)

The Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute researchers looked for connections between the type of blood pressure medication a patient was using and the variations in blood pressure readings to see if certain classes of medications reduced the visit-to-visit blood pressure variability. (newswise.com)
Diuretics are a type of medication that removes water and salt from the body, which reduces the amount of fluid in the blood. (medicalnewstoday.com)

aSOCE was functionally distinct from store-operated calcium release and calcium entry involving endoplasmic reticulum. (ox.ac.uk)

Most work on this calcium toxicity hypothesis implicates the L-type calcium channel. (nih.gov)

Using single particle analysis methods, we have determined the first three-dimensional structure, at 23 A resolution, for a member of the low voltage-activated voltage-gated calcium channel family, CaV3.1, a T-type channel. (cam.ac.uk)
A heterogenous group of transient or low voltage activated type CALCIUM CHANNELS. (lookformedical.com)

CALCIUM CHANNELS located within the PURKINJE CELLS of the cerebellum. (lookformedical.com)

Here, we break down the different types of laxatives, when it's appropriate to take these drugs, and their potential risks and side effects. (everydayhealth.com)

Therefore, our association study provides no evidence that length variations of polyglutamine arrays in the N-terminus of the hKCa3 channel exert a frequent and relevant effect in the epileptogenesis of common subtypes of IGE. (nih.gov)
These simulations support the evidence that DHP (L-type) CCBs potentiate glomerular HTN during CKD and suggest that T/L-type CCBs are valuable in proteinuric renal disease treatment. (nih.gov)

Both elevation and reduction in intracellular calcium can disrupt mitosis by mechanisms that remain ill defined. (hindawi.com)

Anatomy29

Organisms13

Diseases3

Chemicals and Drugs161

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment8

Phenomena and Processes35

Disciplines and Occupations2

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science3

Blockers25

Subunit7

Nifedipine2

Neurons10

Verapamil2

Blocker16

Cardiac7

Abstract1

Diltiazem1

Antagonist3

Neuronal7

Intracellular free calcium2

Currents2

Inhibition8

Ions7

Inhibitors1

Signaling1

Dihydropyridine2

Gene6

Inhibits1

CaV1.22

Genes2

Blood vessels1

Proteins2

Influx of calcium1

Depolarization3

Cerebellar granule1

Protein1

Cellular3

Blockade3

Agonists1

Transmembrane3

Membrane3

Sympathetic1

Amlodipine1

Conductance1

Hyperpolarization1

Electrophysiology1

VGCCs3

Excitable2

Medication2

Functionally distinct1

Implicates1

Voltage-activated2

Cerebellum1

Drugs1

Evidence2

Elevation1