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CDC28 Protein Kinase, S cerevisiaeSaccharomyces cerevisiaeProtein Kinase CProtein KinasesSaccharomyces cerevisiae ProteinsCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesProtein-Serine-Threonine KinasesCDC2 Protein KinaseCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein KinasesPhosphorylationMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesProtein Kinase InhibitorsMAP Kinase Signaling SystemMolecular Sequence DataPhosphatidylinositol 3-Kinasesp38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinasescdc25 PhosphatasesFungal Proteinscdc42 GTP-Binding ProteinEnzyme ActivationAmino Acid SequenceMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1MutationSignal TransductionMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase KinasesProtein Kinase C-alphaGene Expression Regulation, FungalProtein Kinase C-deltaMitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3Base SequenceJNK Mitogen-Activated Protein KinasesAMP-Activated Protein KinasesCdc20 ProteinsIsoenzymesKineticsProtein Kinase C-epsilonCell Cycle ProteinsProtein Kinase C betasrc-Family KinasesProtein-Tyrosine KinasesTetradecanoylphorbol AcetateCyclic GMP-Dependent Protein KinasesProtein BindingEnzyme InhibitorsSequence Homology, Amino AcidCloning, MolecularCyclic AMPCell LineMAP Kinase Kinase KinasesCasein Kinase IISubstrate SpecificityCells, Culturedp21-Activated KinasesCalcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2Recombinant Fusion ProteinsRecombinant ProteinsDNA-Binding ProteinsCyclin-Dependent KinasesRNA, MessengerBlotting, WesternTranscription, GeneticSerineeIF-2 KinaseBinding SitesCDC2-CDC28 KinasesCell CyclePlasmidsIntracellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsMAP Kinase Kinase 1TransfectionPhosphoproteinsProtein Structure, TertiaryTranscription FactorsCalciumRNA, FungalExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesRibosomal Protein S6 KinasesCasein KinasesProto-Oncogene ProteinsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktCarrier ProteinsMitosisMAP Kinase Kinase 4Models, BiologicalPhosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor)DiglyceridesPhosphoprotein PhosphatasesPhorbol 12,13-DibutyrateNuclear ProteinsCell DivisionGene DeletionMembrane ProteinsStaurosporineGene Expression Regulation, EnzymologicSchizosaccharomycesGenetic Complementation TestPhenotypeIsoquinolinesCell Nucleus1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine
Budding yeastCyclin-dependent protein kinaseCyclinsHomologMitoticPhosphorylationMitosisCDKsSubunitCDK1GenePATHWAYSCdc2 kinasePombeSubstrateTranscriptionalRegulatoryCDK2ComplexesInhibitionInhibitsClb2Cdc28pEvolutionarily conservedAnaphaseCDK4MeiosisProgressionActivityCKS2High-throughputCellNuclearInteractionsFunctionalSpecificityCdc6ComplexLocalizationRolesInteraction
Budding yeast4
  • Destruction of the CDC28/CLB mitotic kinase is not required for the metaphase to anaphase transition in budding yeast. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Two observations made on the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae are inconsistent with this scenario: (i) anaphase occurs in the presence of high levels of kinase in cdc15 mutants and (ii) overproduction of a B-type mitotic cyclin causes arrest not in metaphase as previously reported but in telophase. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Here we compare the specificity of two budding yeast cyclins, the S-phase cyclin Clb5 and the M-phase cyclin Clb2, in the phosphorylation of 150 Cdk1 (Cdc28) substrates. (nature.com)
  • The B-type cyclins Clb5 and Clb6 are the primary activators of the S phase function of the budding yeast CDK Cdc28. (ox.ac.uk)
Cyclin-dependent protein kinase1
Cyclins8
  • It is widely assumed that degradation of mitotic cyclins causes a decrease in mitotic cdc2/CDC28 kinase activity and thereby triggers the metaphase to anaphase transition. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The activity of this kinase is restricted to the G1-S phase, which is controlled by the regulatory subunits D-type cyclins and CDK inhibitor p16(INK4a). (thermofisher.com)
  • Mutations in this gene as well as in its related proteins including D-type cyclins, p16(INK4a) and Rb were all found to be associated with tumorigenesis of a variety of cancers. (thermofisher.com)
  • A relatively well understood example is the network that controls progression of the cell cycle, where cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) couple with various cyclins over the cell cycle to regulate critical processes [ 2 - 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell-cycle events are controlled by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), whose periodic activation is driven by cyclins. (nature.com)
  • Fisher, D. L. & Nurse, P. A single fission yeast mitotic cyclin B p34 cdc2 kinase promotes both S-phase and mitosis in the absence of G1 cyclins. (nature.com)
  • Start is triggered by the cyclin- dependent kinase Cdc28 and three rate-limiting activators, the G1 cyclins Cln1, Cln2 and Cln3 (ref. 3). (uky.edu)
  • But here we show that G1 cyclins are unstable in G1 phase, and that Clb- Cdc28 activity is not needed for G1 cyclin turnover. (uky.edu)
Homolog3
  • Hadwiger J, Wittenberg C, Mendenhall M, Reed S (1989) The saccharomyces cerevisiae cks1 gene, a homolog of the schizo-saccharomyces pombe suc1+ gene, encodes a subunit of the cdc28 protein kinase complex. (edu.pl)
  • What are the independent variables of (0p 0T )v. A new human p34 protein kinase, CDK2, identified by complementation of opttion cdc28 mutation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is a homolog of Xenopus Eg1. (forex-consultant.com)
  • Because there was no mammalian recA homolog, Elledge attempted to clone the Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) homolog using a novel method that included an antibody step. (the-scientist.com)
Mitotic4
  • The mitotic inducer nim1+ functions in a regulatory network of protein kinase homologs controlling the initiation of mitosis. (wikidata.org)
  • Although we did not identify any highly Clb2-specific substrates, we found that Clb2-Cdk1 possessed higher intrinsic kinase activity than Clb5-Cdk1, enabling efficient phosphorylation of a broad range of mitotic Cdk1 targets. (nature.com)
  • The APC/C is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that drives mitotic progression by promoting timely degradation of key regulatory proteins [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Recent breakthroughs have uncovered more and more DNA replication licensing machinery proteins (ORC, Cdc6, Cdt1, geminin, etc.) functioning in other cell cycle events, including centrosome replication, mitotic events, transcription and so on. (intechopen.com)
Phosphorylation4
  • The role of phosphorylation and the CDC28 protein kinase in cell cycle-regulated nuclear import of the S. cerevisiae transcription factor SWI5. (wikidata.org)
  • This kinase was shown to be responsible for the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma gene product (Rb). (thermofisher.com)
  • instead of attempting to predict individual phosphorylation sites, we search for proteins that contain high densities of strong and weak consensus matches that are closely spaced in the primary amino acid sequence. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The inhibition of Torc1 by rapamycin mimics nutrient starvation and causes an array of physiological changes that include global changes in gene expression, phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of various factors, decreased cell growth, degradation of proteins, and ultimately cell cycle arrest in the G 1 phase [4, 9-11]. (researchsquare.com)
Mitosis4
  • Coupling of mitosis to the completion of S phase in Xenopus occurs via modulation of the tyrosine kinase that phosphorylates p34cdc2. (wikidata.org)
  • Kinase destruction is therefore implicated in the exit from mitosis rather than the entry into anaphase. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Here we present an overview of the protein phosphatase 2A family's roles during mitosis. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • The activator Cdc20 is then replaced by a second activator, Cdh1, and APC/C Cdh1 promotes complete degradation of M cyclin, followed by polo-like kinase 1, Aurora A, and other substrates, to complete mitosis and cytokinesis and drive progression into G1 [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
CDKs3
  • We show that it is possible to predict proteins that are likely to be targets of CDKs in S. cerevisiae by searching for proteins that contain clustered matches to the CDK consensus. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cell cycle regulation is largely based on protein phospho-dephosphorylation events, catalyzed by cyclin dependent kinases (Cdks) and phosphatases (PPases), respectively. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • These changes are orchestrated by a small number of master regulators, including the cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) and the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). Each Cdk or APC/C isoform has a large number of substrates, and the substrates of each isoform are modified in a specific order that leads to sequential substrate activation or inactivation. (biomedcentral.com)
Subunit5
  • Cyclin-dependent kinases regulatory subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CKS1B gene. (wikipedia.org)
  • The CKS1B protein binds to the catalytic subunit of the cyclin-dependent kinases and is essential for their biological function. (wikipedia.org)
  • It is a catalytic subunit of the protein kinase complex that is important for cell cycle G1 phase progression. (thermofisher.com)
  • In our previous research, we showed that the cyclin-dependent kinase regulatory subunit (CKS2) in maize (Zea mays L.) was induced by water deficit and cold stress. (edu.pl)
  • In most metazoans, GCN2 is one of the four known kinases that phosphorylate eukaryotic initiation factor 2, α subunit (eIF2α) to inhibit translation initiation [ 19 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
CDK12
  • About 24% of these proteins were phosphorylated more efficiently by Clb5-Cdk1 than Clb2-Cdk1. (nature.com)
  • Targets of the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk1. (nature.com)
Gene7
  • This protein is highly similar to the gene products of S. cerevisiae cdc28 and S. pombe cdc2. (thermofisher.com)
  • Giuliano G, Pichersky E, Malik V, Timko M, Scolnik P, Cashmore A (1988) An evolutionarily conserved protein binding sequence upstream of a plant light-regulated gene. (edu.pl)
  • Protein kinases are critical to cellular signalling and post-translational gene regulation, but their biological substrates are difficult to identify. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. (technuc.com)
  • Recently, numerous gene expression and molecular interaction experiments have been reported in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , and these have enabled systematic studies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In yeast, rapamycin inhibits the TORC1 kinase signaling pathway causing rapid alteration in gene expression and ultimately cell cycle arrest in G 1 through mechanisms that are not fully understood. (researchsquare.com)
  • The expression of the STE5 gene and its encoded scaffold protein Ste5, required for the sequential activation of the MAPKs of the pheromone pathway, is greatly reduced in the H2B R95A mutant. (researchsquare.com)
PATHWAYS1
  • For example, under low-nitrogen conditions, crosstalk is observed between two signaling pathways in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , the cAMP and MAPK pathways, which are both downstream of the small GTPase Ras. (biomedcentral.com)
Cdc2 kinase1
  • A multifunctional CDC2 kinase-related kinase that plays roles in transcriptional elongation, CELL DIFFERENTIATION , and APOPTOSIS . (nih.gov)
Pombe1
  • We also show that human CDK targets are enriched for proteins that contain clustered consensus matches and, by searching human cell cycle genes, we predict several putative CDK targets, including the human orthologs of Schizosaccharomyces pombe CDC5 (CDC5L) and S. cerevisiae Cdc20p (CDC20). (biomedcentral.com)
Substrate3
  • We show that cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) consensus motifs are frequently clustered in CDK substrate proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Brown, N. R., Noble, M. E., Endicott, J. A. & Johnson, L. N. The structural basis for specificity of substrate and recruitment peptides for cyclin-dependent kinases. (nature.com)
  • Schulman, B. A., Lindstrom, D. L. & Harlow, E. Substrate recruitment to cyclin-dependent kinase 2 by a multipurpose docking site on cyclin A. (nature.com)
Transcriptional2
  • A set of nuclear proteins in SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE that are required for the transcriptional repression of the silent mating type loci. (jefferson.edu)
  • Cln instability thus provides a means to couple Cln-Cdc28 activity to transcriptional regulation and protein synthetic rate in pre-Start G1 cells. (uky.edu)
Regulatory2
  • Our data suggest that regulatory modules may exist in protein sequence as clusters of short sequence motifs. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Studying RNR2' s regulatory elements, he found those that were necessary to induce the production of higher protein levels in response to DNA damage and identified factors that bind these DNA elements to mediate the response of RNR2 to DNA damage. (the-scientist.com)
CDK21
  • Identification of a cyclin-cdk2 recognition motif present in substrates and p21-like cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. (nature.com)
Complexes5
  • Ser/Thr-kinase component of cyclin D-CDK4 (DC) complexes that phosphorylate and inhibit members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulate the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. (ayassbioscience.com)
  • Then, we use the uncertain model to identify dynamic protein complexes in the dynamic uncertain PPI networks. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Since most proteins are only functional after assembly into protein complexes, protein complexes are critical in many biological processes [ 5 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 11 ] present COACH algorithm to identify protein complexes, which detects the core structure and attachments of complex respectively. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is necessary to construct dynamic PPI networks for both identifing protein complexes and further understanding molecular systems. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibition1
  • In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , rapamycin binds to the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Fpr1 leading to the inhibition of the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) kinase that forms the TOR Complex 1 (Torc1) [4, 5]. (researchsquare.com)
Inhibits2
  • The authors have previously reported that the Salmonella typhimurium SigD protein, a phosphatidylinositol phosphatase involved in invasion of the host cell, inhibits yeast growth, presumably by depleting an essential pool of phosphatidylinositol 4,5- bis phosphate, and also that a catalytically inactive version, SigD R468A , was able to arrest growth by a different mechanism that involved disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • As such, GCN2 is required for longevity and stress resistance induced by dietary restriction (DR). IMPACT is an ancient protein that inhibits GCN2. (biomedcentral.com)
Clb21
Cdc28p1
  • activates Cdc28p kinase to promote the G1 to S phase trans. (ucsd.edu)
Evolutionarily conserved1
  • GCN2 is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that senses amino acid restriction through binding to uncharged tRNAs [ 18 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Anaphase2
  • The behaviour of esp1 mutants shows in addition that kinase destruction can occur in the absence of anaphase completion. (ox.ac.uk)
  • The execution of anaphase and the destruction of CDC28 kinase activity therefore appear to take place independently of one another. (ox.ac.uk)
CDK41
Meiosis1
  • The clam embryo protein cyclin A induces entry into M phase and the resumption of meiosis in Xenopus oocytes. (wikidata.org)
Progression3
  • Nim1-related kinases coordinate cell cycle progression with the organization of the peripheral cytoskeleton in yeast. (microbiologyresearch.org)
  • CLN transcription is modulated by physiological signals that regulate G1 progression, but it is unclear whether Cln protein stability is cell- cycle-regulated. (uky.edu)
  • Progression through the cell cycle is accompanied by dramatic changes in cellular content and behavior, and involves a large number of proteins and processes. (biomedcentral.com)
Activity1
  • It is concluded that the Salmonella SigD protein deprived of its phosphatase activity is able to disrupt yeast morphogenesis by interfering with Cdc42 function, opening the possibility that the SigD N-terminal region might directly modulate small GTPases from the host during infection. (microbiologyresearch.org)
CKS21
High-throughput1
  • Over the past decade, yeast two-hybrid, mass spectrometry and other high-throughput experimental have generated a mass of protein-protein interaction (PPI) data. (biomedcentral.com)
Cell7
  • The CKS1B mRNA is found to be expressed in different patterns through the cell cycle in HeLa cells, which reflects a specialized role for the encoded protein. (wikipedia.org)
  • In most eukaryotes, commitment to cell division occurs in late G1 phase at an event called Start in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and called the restriction point in mammalian cells. (uky.edu)
  • He mentioned this to David Stillman , who was at Stanford to interview for a faculty position, and who studied cell cycle regulation of proteins as a postdoc in Kim Nasmyth 's lab at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in the U.K. Stillman pointed out that ribonucleotide reductase was cell cycle regulated-rather than remaining stable, the RNA and protein levels fluctuate throughout the cell cycle. (the-scientist.com)
  • Cdc14 is kept sequestered in the nucleolus by its binding to the nucleolar protein Net1 during most of the cell cycle. (encyclopedia.pub)
  • SAG1 (α-agglutinin) - provides tight cell-cell adhesion during mating in S. cerevisiae. (openwetware.org)
  • The precise regulations of pre-RC protein levels and assembly are effective ways to prevent reassembly of de novo MCM2-7 onto the replicated origins to re-license and re-replicate the genomic DNA in the subsequent phases of the same cell cycle ( Figure 1) . (intechopen.com)
  • Here we identified Nup2 in a pool of enriched proteins that co-purify with tagged Ndj1 from meiotic cell extracts. (biorxiv.org)
Nuclear2
  • A beta-hairpin comprising the nuclear localization sequence sustains the self-associated states of nucleosome assembly protein 1. (colorado.edu)
  • These attachment sites are linked to actin-bundles that surround the nucleus via an Ndj1-Mps3-Csm4 protein bridge that spans the inner and outer nuclear membranes. (biorxiv.org)
Interactions1
  • 2003. Protein-protein interactions involved in the recognition of p27 by E3 ubiquitin ligase. (wikipedia.org)
Functional1
Specificity1
  • Because of the low specificity of the CDK consensus, however, databases of protein sequences are expected to contain large numbers of matches by chance. (biomedcentral.com)
Cdc61
  • The Clb5-specific targets include several proteins (Sld2, Cdc6, Orc6, Mcm3 and Cdh1) involved in early S-phase events. (nature.com)
Complex4
  • The experimental results show that our approach can effectively deal with the uncertain data in dynamic uncertain PPI networks, and improve the performance for protein complex identification. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A protein complex consists of a group of proteins and multiple PPIs at the same time and place, forming single multi-molecular machinery [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 10 ] propose CORE algorithm to identify protein-complex cores by calculating the p -values for all pairs of proteins. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A protein complex is formed by a group of proteins at the same time, which interacted with each other by associated polypeptide chains. (biomedcentral.com)
Localization1
  • Cloning and subcellular localization of a human phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate 5-kinase, PIKfyve/Fab1. (microbiologyresearch.org)
Roles1
Interaction1
  • Recently, researchers have tried to integrate various dynamic information with static protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks to construct dynamic PPI networks. (biomedcentral.com)