• In search for new monoclonal antibodies, the authors used an antigenic polypeptide, which yielded numbers of new binders that may lead to production of anti-CD20 antibodies, with improved diagnostic or clinical attributes. (pubchase.com)
  • Glennie MJ, French RR, Cragg MS, Taylor RP: Mechanisms of killing by anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies. (exbio.cz)
  • Monoclonal antibodies developed against immunogenic proteins (Tumor Specific Antigens/TSA's) that are expressed in human cancers, display a unique behavioral pattern. (jcancer.org)
  • Currently approved CAR-T therapies use CD19 and CD20 as targets. (cancer.org)
  • The presented analysis included five patients with B-cell malignancies that were positive for both CD19 and CD20 tumor antigen expression. (aacr.org)
  • We designed this therapy to target both CD19 and CD20 to help restrict antigen escape and ultimately prolong treatment response. (mystateline.com)
  • It involves the process of selectively identifying antigens (proteins) in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in biological tissues. (wikipedia.org)
  • Although antibodies show preferential avidity for specific epitopes, they may partially or weakly bind to sites on nonspecific proteins (also called reactive sites) that are similar to the cognate binding sites on the target antigen. (wikipedia.org)
  • Primary antibodies are raised against an antigen of interest and are typically unconjugated (unlabeled), while secondary antibodies are raised against immunoglobulins of the primary antibody species. (wikipedia.org)
  • Assessment of the ability to produce functional antibodies can be obtained by measuring antibody responses to natural antigens or those antigens to which the population commonly is exposed. (medscape.com)
  • Isohemagglutinins are IgM antibodies to ABO blood group antigens that are polysaccharide. (medscape.com)
  • In children who have completed immunizations with diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus (DPT) or Hib-conjugated vaccines, the antibody response to protein antigens can be tested in adults and older children by measuring IgG antibodies to tetanus or diphtheria toxoid and H influenzae type b (Hib) polysaccharide antigen. (medscape.com)
  • Approximately 80% of children have detectable antibodies to these antigens after 3 immunizations during their first year of life. (medscape.com)
  • cells are activated by interaction with antigens and obtain T indicated that the cell lines representing a defined cell help, they mature into terminally differentiated plasma stage generally presented a high similarity in over- cells secreting large amounts of antibodies [10 -12]. (lu.se)
  • Detection of Anti-MS4A1/CD20 (Rituximab) on Human MS4A1/CD20 transfectants by flow cytometry. (rndsystems.com)
  • HEK293 human cell line transfected with (A) human MS4A1/CD20 or (B) irrelevant protein, and eGFP were stained with Human anti-Human MS4A1/CD20 (Rituximab) Monoclonal Antibody ( MAB9575 ), then Alexa Fluor® 647-conjugated Anti-Rituximab (Anti-Idiotype) (Catalog # FAB9630R). (rndsystems.com)
  • Previously untreated follicular, CD20-positive, B-cell NHL in combination with first line chemotherapy and, in patients achieving a complete or partial response to a rituximab product in combination with chemotherapy, as single-agent maintenance therapy. (drugs.com)
  • Rituximab (RTX) is a CD20‑targeting antibody that is the standard‑of‑care for patients with non‑Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) cases. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • This strategy includes the monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody, rituximab (RTX), alone or in combination with chemotherapy for patients who have advanced-stage disease. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody targeted against the B-cell surface antigen CD20. (asn-online.org)
  • Rituximab attaches to the CD20 surface of mature B cells and destroys both normal and malignant B cells. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • Retreatment may or may not prove successful as lymphomas can lose CD20 expression and, with that, susceptibility to rituximab. (dermnetnz.org)
  • 5 Combining rituximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the CD20 antigen on B cells, with standard chemotherapy has improved NHL treatment outcomes. (haematologica.org)
  • Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the CD20 antigen, causing antibody-mediated cytolysis. (medscape.com)
  • A monoclonal antibody called rituximab can bind to the B lymphocyte's Clusters of Differentiation (CD) 20 antigen and eliminate B lymphocytes from the bloodstream. (ijpsonline.com)
  • An open-label phase I, multi-center study to determine the recommended dose of the chimeric antigen receptor T-cell treatment CYAD-211 after a non-myeloablative preconditioning chemotherapy in multiple myeloma patients with relapsed or refractory disease. (biosafety.be)
  • CD20 is a non-glycosylated surface phosphoprotein that has a molecular weight range of 33-37 kDa depending on the degree of phosphorylation. (thermofisher.com)
  • CD20 is a cell surface 33-37 (depending on the degree of phosphorylation) kDa non-glycosylated surface phosphoprotein expressed on mature and most malignant B cells, but not stem cells or plasma cells (low number of the CD20 has been also detected on a subpopulation of T lymphocytes and it can be expressed on follicular dendritic cells). (exbio.cz)
  • Taken together, these findings warranted further investigation on NAV‑006 as a next generation anti‑CD20 antibody that could improve the efficacy of parent RTX in NHL patients with high levels of CA125. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Although long-term follow-up and analysis of additional patients are needed, our results indicate that bispecific anti-CD19/CD20 CAR in naïve memory T cells may be safe and effective in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphomas," Ghafouri said. (aacr.org)
  • In certain lymphomas, the immunoglobulin antigen that the lymphoid cell is supposed to be producing becomes mutated, and hence a potential target for vaccines. (oncolink.org)
  • CD20 is expressed on mature and most malignant B cells, in a subpopulation of T lymphocytes and follicular dendritic cells. (thermofisher.com)
  • Both of these antigens are primarily found in b lymphocytes. (cancer.org)
  • The antibody LT20 reacts with an extracellular epitope of CD20 (Bp35), a 33-37 kDa non-glycosylated membrane receptor with four transmembrane domains, expressed on B lymphocytes (it is lost on plasma cells), follicular dendritic cells, and at low levels on peripheral blood T lymphocytes. (exbio.cz)
  • Hultin LE, Hausner MA, Hultin PM, Giorgi JV: CD20 (pan-B cell) antigen is expressed at a low level on a subpopulation of human T lymphocytes. (exbio.cz)
  • Given by intravenous injection, it is very effective at destroying normal and malignant B lymphocytes that are carrying the CD20 antigen. (dermnetnz.org)
  • The Fab portion binds to the CD20 antigen on the surface of pre-B and mature B lymphocytes. (dermnetnz.org)
  • It is suggested that CD8 + T-lymphocytes remain in the brain and spinal cord as tissue resident cells, which may focally propagate neuroinflammation, when they re-encounter their cognate antigen. (frontiersin.org)
  • The epitope recognized by clone 2H7 has been mapped to the sequence YNCEPANPSEKNSPST which lies in the large extracellular loop of human CD20. (biolegend.com)
  • CD20 is also associated with lipid rafts, but the intensity of this association depends on extracellular triggering, employing CD20 conformational change, and/or BCR (B cell antigen receptor) aggregation. (thermofisher.com)
  • We conclude that the relationship between complement-regulatory proteins CFHR1 and CFHR3 and response to anti-CD20 mAb therapy varies based on the specific anti-CD20 mAb used. (cusabio.com)
  • The increased intestinal permeability was accompanied by augmented expression of genes marking immune cell infiltration and encoding key proteins for immune cell adhesion, antigen presentation, and cytokine signaling in the orbital tissue. (frontiersin.org)
  • Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) modified T-cells are an exciting new form of immunotherapy that involves the genetic modification of one's own T-cells to redirect them against proteins on cancer cells. (lls.org)
  • One insight is the identification of tumor antigens (small proteins recognized as "foreign" by the immune system) that stimulate the T-cells of the immune system. (oncolink.org)
  • These tumor proteins, when first defined, were referred to as tumor associated antigens. (jcancer.org)
  • CD20 is a 33-37 kD, four transmembrane spanning protein, also known as B1 and Bp35. (biolegend.com)
  • Technically, due to a short extra membrane domain, the recombinant CD20 protein is a difficult antigen to raise immune responses. (pubchase.com)
  • This assessment can also be done by measuring antibody responses following active immunization with protein or polysaccharide antigens. (medscape.com)
  • Assessment of responses to polysaccharide antigens is important in patients older than 18-24 months because these responses may be deficient in some patients who can respond normally to protein antigens. (medscape.com)
  • Therefore, antibody responses should be measured to polysaccharide antigens that are not present in the protein-conjugated pneumococcal vaccine. (medscape.com)
  • Description: The 2H7 monoclonal antibody reacts with human CD20, a 33-36 kDa transmembrane protein. (thermofisher.com)
  • WB assay with B. burgdorferi sensu stricto antigen (Marxblot test), protein size of the bands recognized by the patient`s serum. (cdc.gov)
  • This type of treatment is known as adoptive immunotherapy and the cells that are infused into the patients are known as universal chimeric antigen receptor T cells (UCAR T cells). (upenn.edu)
  • CD20 is heavily phosphorylated on activated B cells and malignant B cells. (biolegend.com)
  • T Cells Expressing CD19/CD20 Bispecific Chimeric Antigen Receptors Prevent Antigen Escape by Malignant B Cells. (nih.gov)
  • CD20 is a B-cell-specific antigen expressed on malignant FL cells. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • CD20 expression on B cells is synchronous with the expression of surface IgM and it regulates transmembrane calcium conductance, cell cycle progression and B-cell proliferation. (thermofisher.com)
  • CD20 regulates transmembrane calcium conductance (probably functioning as a component of store-operated calcium channel), cell cycle progression and B-cell proliferation. (exbio.cz)
  • CD20 serves as a useful target for antibody-mediated therapeutic depletion of B cells, as it is expressed at high levels on most B-cell malignancies, but does not become internalized or shed from the plasma membrane following monoclonal antibody treatment. (thermofisher.com)
  • a chimeric monoclonal antibody against the CD20 antigen increased survival when it was added to chemotherapy for individuals with systemic CD20+ diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). (ecologicalsgardens.com)
  • [ 2 ] Options for second-line therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory disease include chemotherapy-free regimens with biologic targeted agents such as covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, lenalidomide,venetoclax, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy. (medscape.com)
  • Non-progressing (including stable disease), low-grade, CD20-positive, B-cell NHL as a single agent after first-line cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (CVP) chemotherapy. (drugs.com)
  • Previously untreated diffuse large B-cell, CD20-positive NHL in combination with (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) (CHOP) or other anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens. (drugs.com)
  • An environment for GVHD is formed when antigen-presenting cells are activated by the patient's disease and the pretreatment destruction of cells caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • Diseases associated with CD20 dysfunction include Ms4a1-related common variable immune deficiency. (thermofisher.com)
  • These tumor specific antigens are the result of mutations that cancer cells undergo, and in many cases that involve viral carcinogens, viral antigens. (oncolink.org)
  • RESULTS: Lassa fever virus antigens and viral particles were observed in multiple organ systems and cells, including cells in the mononuclear phagocytic system and other specialized cells where it had not been described previously. (cdc.gov)
  • The CD20 molecule is involved in B-cell activation and is associated with various Src family kinases (Lyn, Lck, Fyn). (biolegend.com)
  • VSV-GP128 is a recombinant live-attenuated Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV), modified to minimize the potential of neurotoxicity for humans and skin disease in animals, and engineered to contain cancer antigens, which help it induce an immune response against colorectal tumour cells. (biosafety.be)
  • Clinical studies have indicated that anti-CD20 mAb-based therapies represent an effective treatment for various diseases with overexpression of CD20 on their cell surface, such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, hemolytic anemia, as well as autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. (pubchase.com)
  • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies are on the verge of becoming powerful immunotherapeutic tools for combating hematological diseases confronted with pressing medical needs. (nature.com)
  • Sarah Larson , M.D. principal investigator and associate clinical professor of medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles added, "While CD19 CAR T-cell therapies have transformed the lymphoma treatment landscape, durability has been limited by treatment resistance due to selective pressure against the target antigen and subsequent loss of expression. (mystateline.com)
  • antibody approved for the treatment of B-cell non - Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) expressing CD20 antigen. (karger.com)
  • CD20 is expressed on pre-B-cells, resting and activated B cells (not plasma cells), some follicular dendritic cells, and at low levels on a T cell subset. (biolegend.com)
  • Relapsed or refractory, low grade or follicular, CD20-positive B-cell NHL as a single agent. (drugs.com)
  • Recent clinical evidence suggests that high serum levels of the tumor‑produced mucin 16 (MUC16) and cancer antigen 125 (CA125) have a negative impact on the effectiveness of RTX clinical activity in up to 40% of patients with follicular lymphoma. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • Babiker HM, Glode AE, Cooke LS, Mahadevan D. Ublituximab for the treatment of CD20 positive B-cell malignancies. (ucdenver.edu)
  • Case Report: primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with aberrant CD20 expression. (cusabio.com)
  • The exCD20 antigen showed a desired immune response and was able to develop a monoclonal antibody, 3B4C10, which reacted well with peptide antigen as well as native antigen on the surface of Raji B-cell line. (pubchase.com)
  • It is suggested that CD20 plays a role in B-cell activation. (thermofisher.com)
  • After the receptor ligation, BCR and CD20 colocalize and then rapidly dissociate before BCR endocytosis, whereas CD20 remains at the cell surface. (thermofisher.com)
  • Besides modification based on a second-generation CAR, more advanced CAR-immune cell therapeutics are being tested, which utilize precise insertion of genes to circumvent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) or employ a dual targeting approach and adapter CARs in order to avoid therapy resistance caused by antigen loss. (nature.com)
  • Binding of a tumor antigen via the scFv activates the T cell in a major histocompatibility-independent manner which leads to a cytotoxic response [ 3 ]. (nature.com)
  • Furthermore, the so-called adapter CARs have been developed by splitting antigen recognition and CAR-immune cell activation. (nature.com)
  • The objective of this proposal is to improve bispecific anti-CD20/anti-CD19 CAR T-cell activity and persistence by understanding impact of cell manufacturing parameters on final engineered CAR-T product and determining resistance mechanisms in relapsing patients. (lls.org)
  • To address that mechanism of relapse, we initiated a first-in-human trial of dual targeted anti-CD20, anti-CD19 CAR (CAR20.19) T-cells for B-cell malignancies. (lls.org)
  • PHILADELPHIA - Bispecific anti-CD19/CD20 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy was well tolerated and showed signs of clinical efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphoma, according to phase I clinical trial data presented during Week 1 of the virtual AACR Annual Meeting 2021 , held April 10-15. (aacr.org)
  • Anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy has revolutionized the management of this disease in recent years, but it still has several limitations," she noted, explaining that approximately half of patients relapse within six months of starting the treatment due to a lack of CAR T-cell persistence and/or downregulation of the target antigen, CD19, on the tumor. (aacr.org)
  • We hypothesized that this approach might increase CAR T-cell persistence and expansion in the patient, while limiting relapses due to loss of the tumor antigen. (aacr.org)
  • In fact, this type of antigen was the target of the first monoclonal antibody therapy for a malignancy (B-cell lymphoma) in 1982. (oncolink.org)
  • As noted above, a more vigorous dendritic cell presentation of antigens could trigger the immune response by T-cells. (oncolink.org)
  • Petrie RJ, Deans JP: Colocalization of the B cell receptor and CD20 followed by activation-dependent dissociation in distinct lipid rafts. (exbio.cz)
  • We are pleased to have treated the first patient with IMPT-314 and build on the clinical evidence from the ongoing investigator-led study of this dual-targeted CD19/CD20 CAR T-cell therapy. (mystateline.com)
  • IMPT-314 is a CD19/CD20-targeting chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy that utilizes a potent bispecific CAR and a 4-1BB costimulatory domain. (mystateline.com)
  • Notably, among patients who relapsed after CAR20.19 treatment, CD19 loss was not identified, suggesting that dual antigen targeting may inhibit the mechanism of antigen escape. (lls.org)
  • Bispecific CAR T cells target two tumor antigens at once and have been explored as a strategy to reduce the risk of relapse. (aacr.org)
  • In this study, Ghafouri and colleagues evaluated the safety and efficacy of anti-CD19/CD20 bispecific CAR T-cells using naïve memory cells. (aacr.org)
  • The lymphocytic clusters in SM contained nearly equal numbers of mature T and B cells, the latter with no coexpression of aberrant antigens, such as CD5 or CD23. (bmj.com)
  • We hypothesized that targeting multiple antigens on tumor cells could be a more effective approach to minimize tumor antigen escape. (lls.org)
  • CD20 is an antigen expressed on the surface of B cells. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • Flow cytometry analysis (surface staining) of human peripheral blood cells with anti-human CD20 (LT20) APC. (exbio.cz)
  • Depending on the tissue type and the method of antigen detection, endogenous biotin or enzymes may need to be blocked or quenched, respectively, prior to antibody staining. (wikipedia.org)
  • Depending on the method of fixation and tissue preservation, the sample may require additional steps to make the epitopes available for antibody binding, including deparaffinization and antigen retrieval. (wikipedia.org)
  • Quality control should as a minimum include a tissue known to express the antigen as a positive control and negative controls of tissue known not to express the antigen, as well as the test tissue probed in the same way with omission of the primary antibody (or better, absorption of the primary antibody). (wikipedia.org)
  • Extracorporeal photopheresis inactivates antigen-presenting cells and T cells, whereas TNF antagonists decrease cellular activation and local tissue damage. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • Key open questions in MS research are the identification of the target antigen recognized by tissue resident CD8 + T-cells and B-cells and the molecular nature of the soluble inflammatory mediators, which may trigger tissue damage. (frontiersin.org)
  • Limiting the antibody-induced induction of immunosuppressive reactive oxygen species may improve the anti-leukemic efficacy of anti-CD20 therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (cusabio.com)
  • As such, targeting CD20 is a viable therapeutic strategy and plays a central role in the treatment of FL. (spandidos-publications.com)
  • The vaccine formulations targeting these antigens have caused a relatively weak immune response. (oncolink.org)
  • Recently, cells called antigen presenting cells (APCs) were discovered to play a pivotal role in the immune response. (oncolink.org)
  • This includes the amount of shed antigen in the serum at the time of treatment that could initiate immune complex formation as well as the shedding of inhibitory material into the serum possibly effecting an immune response. (jcancer.org)
  • CD20 has been detected at low levels on a small subset of mature T cells. (thermofisher.com)
  • The CD20 calcium channel is localized to microvilli and constitutively associated with membrane rafts: antibody binding increases the affinity of the association through an epitope-dependent cross-linking-independent mechanism. (exbio.cz)
  • Antigens, CD20" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ucdenver.edu)
  • These steps may make the difference between the target antigens staining or not staining. (wikipedia.org)
  • A great amount of non-specific binding causes high background staining which will mask the detection of the target antigen. (wikipedia.org)
  • CAR-expression on T or NK cells allows them to specifically target cancer cells via recognition of tumor associated antigens. (nature.com)
  • However, extremely strong immune responses have been generated using a "boost" to the immune system, provided by viruses that encode antigens similar to the target. (oncolink.org)
  • Cragg MS, Walshe CA, Ivanov AO, Glennie MJ: The biology of CD20 and its potential as a target for mAb therapy. (exbio.cz)
  • Rather than attempting to determine the exact antigen on the cancer cells themselves, an alternative approach has been to isolate and to study the immunogobulins that our bodies have produced in recognition of these foreign antigens. (oncolink.org)
  • During more recent years, his reseach has been conducted in the field of regenerative medicine, focussed on antigen expression and immune recognition of human embryonic stem cells and bioartificial heart valves, the latter tissues being of animal origin. (gu.se)
  • Co-stimulatory molecules are presenting along with the antigen by APCs to induce an aggressive response by the T-cells. (oncolink.org)
  • When CD20 antagonists decrease the amount of circulating B cells, the body may not produce as many cytotoxic T cells that can potentially induce GVHD. (oncologynurseadvisor.com)
  • Blood group phenotypes relating to expression of ABO antigens in individual kidneys were identified. (gu.se)
  • Based on A antigen expression, a hypothesis explaining why blood group A2 kidneys could be successfully transplanted to O recipients was postulated. (gu.se)
  • Homo-oligomeric complexes of CD20 are thought to form Ca 2+ conductive ion channels in the plasma membrane of B cells. (biolegend.com)
  • The patient whose cancer did not respond to treatment had early disease progression with CD19/CD20-negative disease by day 14 after infusion. (aacr.org)
  • The antibody 3B4C10 with a balanced Kon and Koff may be applicable in the construction of affinity columns or beads for isolation and purification of CD20-positive cells and cancer stem cells. (pubchase.com)
  • Infiltration, accumulation, and survival of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells in solid tumors is crucial for tumor clearance. (nature.com)