• An immunologic adjuvant is defined as any substance that acts to accelerate, prolong, or enhance antigen-specific immune responses when used in combination with specific vaccine antigens. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adjuvants accomplish this task by mimicking specific sets of evolutionarily conserved molecules, so called pathogen-associated molecular patterns, which include liposomes, lipopolysaccharide, molecular cages for antigens, components of bacterial cell walls, and endocytosed nucleic acids such as RNA, double-stranded RNA, single-stranded DNA, and unmethylated CpG dinucleotide-containing DNA. (wikipedia.org)
  • No matter what the mechanism is, alum is not a perfect adjuvant because it does not work with all antigens (e.g. malaria and tuberculosis). (wikipedia.org)
  • We are investigating the use of this TLR2 ligand, PorB, as a vaccine adjuvant using classic antigens i.e. (bu.edu)
  • Finally, some particles contribute to altered immunologic and allergic responses by functioning as adjuvants or by enhancing the environmental dispersal of antigens (Beezhold et al. (cdc.gov)
  • Antigens reversibly conjugated to a polymeric glyco-adjuvant induce protective humoral and cellular immunity. (uchicago.edu)
  • Generation of potent cellular and humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 antigens via conjugation to a polymeric glyco-adjuvant. (uchicago.edu)
  • It appears that Gardasil via its Al adjuvant and HPV antigens has the ability to trigger neuroinflammation and autoimmune reactions, further leading to behavioral changes. (urosario.edu.co)
  • Adjuvants are used to improve or enhance an immune response to antigens. (wikidoc.org)
  • Adjuvants are generally used with soluble protein antigens to increase antibody titers and induce a prolonged response with accompanying memory. (wikidoc.org)
  • Immune responses to non-protein antigens are generally poorly or enhanced by adjuvants and there is no system memory. (wikidoc.org)
  • Adjuvant 65 (based on peanut oil) was tested in influenza vaccines in the 1970s, but was never released commercially. (wikipedia.org)
  • Aluminium salts are the most commonly-used adjuvants in human vaccines. (wikipedia.org)
  • It gives a full rundown of the current NP-based vaccines, their potential as adjuvants, and the ways they can be delivered to cells. (researchgate.net)
  • But vaccines also contain adjuvants - agents that stimulate your immune system to greatly increase immunologic response to the vaccine - and one of the most toxic is aluminum. (truthseekerforum.com)
  • IL-12 is an effective adjuvant to recombinant vaccinia virus-based tumor vaccines: enhancement by simultaneous B7-1 expression. (univr.it)
  • We explored the use of these immunomodulants as molecularly defined adjuvants in the function of recombinant anticancer vaccines using a murine model adenocarcinoma, CT26, transduced with a model Ag, beta-galactosidase (beta-gal). (univr.it)
  • Vaccine adjuvants and vaccines may induce autoimmune and inflammatory manifestations in susceptible individuals. (urosario.edu.co)
  • Plant saponins from Quillaia (the bark of a soap bark tree), soybean, Polygala senega Cytokines: IL-1, IL-2, IL-12 CpG oligonucleotides Combinations: Freund's complete adjuvant, Freund's incomplete adjuvant, AS01 (combining MPL and Quillaia saponins), Matrix-M (combining Quillaia saponins and two types of fat) There are many adjuvants, some of which are inorganic, that carry the potential to augment immunogenicity. (wikipedia.org)
  • Freund's complete adjuvant is a solution of inactivated Mycobacterium tuberculosis in mineral oil developed in 1930. (wikipedia.org)
  • A version without the bacteria, that is only oil in water, is known as Freund's incomplete adjuvant. (wikipedia.org)
  • We hypothesized that adding toll-like receptor 3 agonist polyICLC to an incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA) would be safe and would support strong, durable CD4 + T cell and Ab responses. (bmj.com)
  • Immunization of mice with purified f88-M2e2-16 phages in the presence of incomplete Freund's adjuvant, induced robust M2e-specific serum IgG and protected BALB/c mice against challenge with human and avian influenza A viruses. (uu.nl)
  • In immunology, an adjuvant is a substance that increases or modulates the immune response to a vaccine. (wikipedia.org)
  • Adjuvants in immunology are often used to modify or augment the effects of a vaccine by stimulating the immune system to respond to the vaccine more vigorously, and thus providing increased immunity to a particular disease. (wikipedia.org)
  • Experimental research … clearly shows that aluminum adjuvants have a potential to induce serious immunological disorders in humans. (truthseekerforum.com)
  • We are still investigating the genes induced and shall compare these results to results obtained with other adjuvants (both TLR dependent and independent) to determine if these results can be used to correlate with different responses induced by various adjuvants (i.e. (bu.edu)
  • The PVP employs approaches such as modeling vaccine-induced human immune responses in vitro using a variety of platforms, adjuvant screening/discovery, systems biology, animal studies, and clinical trials to accelerate and de-risk development of vaccines optimized for populations with distinct immune responses, including those at the extremes of age who suffer the most infections. (terrapinn.com)
  • The oil squalene is used in the adjuvant MF59. (wikipedia.org)
  • We are also comparing the PorB adjuvant activity to other classical and investigative adjuvants including Alum, MF59, CpG DNA and MPL. (bu.edu)
  • Because immune systems have evolved to recognize these specific antigenic moieties, the presence of an adjuvant in conjunction with the vaccine can greatly increase the innate immune response to the antigen by augmenting the activities of dendritic cells, lymphocytes, and macrophages by mimicking a natural infection. (wikipedia.org)
  • Like other adjuvants, aluminum is added to the vaccine in order to boost your immune response to the antigen. (truthseekerforum.com)
  • Most adjuvants provide for an injection site, antigen depot which allows for a slow release of antigen into draining lymph nodes. (wikidoc.org)
  • Utilizing conditional KO mice (using the Cre-Lox system) we have discerned that MyD88 signaling in B cells, Dendritic Cells (DC) and Macrophages are essential for the PorB adjuvant activity. (bu.edu)
  • In this review we use influenza vaccine as a model in a discussion of the different mechanisms of action of the available adjuvants. (smw.ch)
  • Neither chemoradiation nor chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant settings is considered as a prior line of systemic therapy. (moffitt.org)
  • Any prior therapy directed at the malignant tumor, including chemotherapy, biologic/targeted agents, and immunologic agents must be discontinued at least 28 days prior to tumor resection. (moffitt.org)
  • In Study 2 (N = 18), participants provided blood samples and completed symptom surveys before, during and after front-line adjuvant chemotherapy. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We sought to evaluate the effects of Al adjuvant and the HPV vaccine Gardasil versus the true placebo on behavioral and inflammatory parameters in female mice. (urosario.edu.co)
  • The NeuVax poster presentation entitled: 'Biomarker Correlation to Clinical Response in Phase I/II Trials of the Adjuvant Breast Cancer Vaccine, NeuVax (nelipepimut-S or E75)' examined the relationship between in vitro immunologic response (IR) and clinical recurrence (CR) after five years of follow-up in patients with breast cancer. (her2support.org)
  • These results demonstrate that neoadjuvant T-VEC plus surgery improves cancer-related outcomes vs surgery alone, with acceptable safety,' the authors concluded, adding that the improvement in survival outcomes 'is likely the result of an induced systemic immunologic antitumor effect, as shown by elevated CD8+ density after T-VEC treatment. (medscape.com)
  • The Immunologic adjuvant properties known to enhance the immune system. (planetayurveda.com)
  • Phase I and II trials in stage IV melanoma showed low-level antitumor activity, but this vaccine has its greatest promise in the adjuvant setting. (northwestern.edu)
  • The adjuvant administration of IL-12 after immunization with this virus significantly enhanced survival in tumor-bearing animals. (univr.it)
  • To date most human vaccine trials utilize aluminum (Al) adjuvants as placebos despite much evidence showing that Al in vaccine-relevant exposures can be toxic to humans and animals. (urosario.edu.co)
  • There are many known adjuvants in widespread use, including aluminium salts, oils and virosomes. (wikipedia.org)
  • Towards an understanding of the adjuvant action of aluminium. (smw.ch)
  • Institutional guidelines governing animal use and procedures relating to these methodologies are generally oriented around humane considerations and appropriate conduct for adjuvant (agents which modify the effect of other agents while having few if any direct effects when given by themselves) use. (wikidoc.org)
  • A number of immunologic interventions, both passive and active, can be directed against tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • Passive cellular immunotherapy references A number of immunologic interventions, both passive and active, can be directed against tumor cells. (msdmanuals.com)
  • This includes adjuvant selection, routes and sites of administration, injection volumes per site and number of sites per animal. (wikidoc.org)
  • Contrary to this finding, other researchers suggest that adjuvant radiotherapy increases the risk of breast angiosarcoma 9-fold. (medscape.com)
  • Optimal T cell stimulation was dependent on the synergistic adjuvant properties of QS-21 with hsp70. (nih.gov)
  • We have shown that PorB adjuvant activity is absolutely MyD88 dependent and also largely dependent on the presence of TLR2 (even though there is still some adjuvant activity in TLR2 KO mice). (bu.edu)
  • The vaccine was administered in the adjuvant setting to prevent recurrence in breast cancer patients rendered disease-free following standard-of-care therapy. (her2support.org)
  • Investigators could provide their choice of adjuvant therapy. (medscape.com)
  • 13.7% in group 1 and 31.9% in group 2 received adjuvant therapy. (medscape.com)
  • However, recent research indicates that alum formulated in a nanoparticle form rather than microparticles can broaden the utility of alum adjuvants and promote stronger adjuvant effects. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have found that the major outer membrane protein of these organisms, the Neisserial porin PorB, can work as an immune adjuvant due to it recognition by the pattern recognition receptor TOLL-like receptor (TLR) 2. (bu.edu)
  • In our interview last year he mentioned a couple of studies on the more recent HPV vaccine, which found that the aluminum adjuvant had no effect at all on immune response. (truthseekerforum.com)
  • Surprisingly, the presence of MyD88 in macrophages seems to be the most essential component needed for this adjuvant activity. (bu.edu)
  • Their adjuvant activity was described in 1926. (wikipedia.org)
  • We have also begun a systems immunologic analysis of the adjuvant activity of PorB. (bu.edu)
  • We present here results of a therapeutic vaccine candidate, HerpV (formerly called AG-707), consisting of 32 HSV-2 peptides derived from 22 HSV-2 proteins, complexed non-covalently to the HSP70 chaperone and formulated with QS-21 saponin adjuvant. (nih.gov)