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AdenomaAdenoma, PleomorphicAdenoma, VillousPituitary NeoplasmsAdrenocortical AdenomaAdenoma, Liver CellAdenoma, ChromophobeGrowth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary AdenomaColorectal NeoplasmsColonic PolypsACTH-Secreting Pituitary AdenomaAdenoma, AcidophilColonoscopyAdenomatous PolypsProlactinomaAdenoma, BasophilAdrenal Cortex NeoplasmsAdenomatous Polyposis ColiAcromegalyCushing SyndromeGenes, APCHyperparathyroidismSalivary Gland NeoplasmsColonic NeoplasmsIntestinal NeoplasmsHyperplasiaNeoplasms, Multiple PrimaryAdrenal Gland NeoplasmsPituitary ACTH HypersecretionParotid NeoplasmsImmunohistochemistryCarcinomaHyperaldosteronismSphenoid BoneDuodenal NeoplasmsAdrenocorticotropic HormonePituitary GlandAdenocarcinomaHyperparathyroidism, PrimaryThyroid NeoplasmsPrecancerous ConditionsSella TurcicaSigmoidoscopyChoristomaRectal NeoplasmsPituitary ApoplexyHuman Growth HormoneColonPituitary HormonesAdenomatous Polyposis Coli ProteinParathyroidectomyUrethaneIntestinal MucosaAdenoma, Bile DuctProlactinColon, Descending
TumourWarthin'sMalignantCarcinoma in pleomorphic adenomaConsistently rearranged in pleomorphicPathologyTumorParotid Pleomorphic AdenomaMyoepithelial carcinomaTumorsMucoepidermoidEpithelialIntraoralMinor salivary glandsNormal salivary gland tissueHard palateCarcinomasMalignancyEtiologyBiopsyDiagnosisPainlessTranslocationsNeoplasmPLAG1Lacrimal GlandOccurAriseCellularFacialCasePatientsCONCLUSIONBackgroundRareExaminationCases
Tumour4
  • Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is a type of salivary gland cancer that develops from within a previously noncancerous tumour called pleomorphic adenoma. (mypathologyreport.ca)
  • The malignant tumours consisted of 18 adenoid cystic adenomas, 10 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, 5 acinic cell carcinomas, 5 carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma as well as of 12 other malignancies belonging to 7 different tumour entities. (researchgate.net)
  • After local excision of the in situ adenocarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, the tumour has been in control for over 6 years. (eyehospital.nl)
  • pleomorphic adenoma and warthins tumour (adenolymphoma). (freezingblue.com)
Warthin's2
  • Lesions included eight pleomorphic adenomas, four Warthin's tumors, two squamous cell carcinomas, two mucoepidermoid cancers, one acinic cell carcinoma, and one melanoma metastasis. (ajnr.org)
  • The group of benign tumours included 164 pleomorphic adenomas, 51 Warthin's tumours, 7 basal cell adenomas, 2 lipomas as well as 5 other different tumours. (researchgate.net)
Malignant7
  • Pleomorphic adenoma (or benign mixed tumor) is a common benign salivary gland neoplasm characterised by neoplastic proliferation of epithelial (ductal) cells along with myoepithelial components, having a malignant potentiality. (wikipedia.org)
  • Though it is classified as a benign tumor, pleomorphic adenomas have the capacity to grow to large proportions and may undergo malignant transformation, to form carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma, a risk that increases with time (9.5% chance to convert into malignancy in 15 years). (wikipedia.org)
  • In this case report, we present a rare case of ectopic pleomorphic adenoma of the nose, review the epidemiology and pathology of this neoplasm, and address concerns for recurrence and malignant transformation. (alliedacademies.org)
  • It is still poorly understood how and which benign pleomorphic adenoma cells transform into its malignant form, carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Although pathologists in their daily services of surgical pathology had recognized such singular atypical cells in pleomorphic adenomas, these atypical cells were not always regarded as evidence or the source for malignant transformation [ 4 - 6 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Historically, Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is considered a high-grade malignancy with malignant features like increased mitosis, marked nuclear pleomorphism, necrosis and infiltrative growth. (org.pk)
  • These include benign tumors such as pleomorphic adenomas, as shown below, and malignant tumors such as mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma. (medscape.com)
Carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma2
Consistently rearranged in pleomorphic1
  • PLAG1, which is developmentally regulated, has been shown to be consistently rearranged in pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands. (antibodies-online.com)
Pathology3
  • The pathology report noted a diagnosis of benign mixed tumor (pleomorphic adenoma). (alliedacademies.org)
  • The aim of this study is to report a case of an unusual minor salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma in the hard palate, describing the most important aspects of this pathology. (bvsalud.org)
  • Final pathology revealed high grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising from a pleomorphic adenoma. (scirp.org)
Tumor15
  • It is also known as "Mixed tumor, salivary gland type", which refers to its dual origin from epithelial and myoepithelial elements as opposed to its pleomorphic appearance. (wikipedia.org)
  • Pleomorphic adenoma is a benign salivary gland tumor that exhibits wide cytomorphologic and architectural diversity. (medscape.com)
  • Identification of these three components-which may vary quantitatively and qualitatively from one tumor to another-is essential to the recognition of pleomorphic adenoma. (medscape.com)
  • Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary gland tumor in both children and adults, accounting for 45-75% of all salivary gland neoplasms. (medscape.com)
  • Pleomorphic adenomas in the deep lobe of the parotid gland may present as an oral retrotonsillar mass or parapharyngeal space tumor. (medscape.com)
  • Despite their highly variable appearance, pleomorphic adenomas can be fundamentally regarded as a "biphasic" tumor, as their ducts and tubules exhibit two cell layers: an inner or luminal ductal cell layer, and an outer or abluminal myoepithelial cell layer. (medscape.com)
  • At a later date, the tumor was diagnosed through biopsy as a pleomorphic adenoma (see Figure 1). (rdhmag.com)
  • The pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign salivary gland tumor, accounting for 53 to 57% of parotid tumors and 44 to 68% of submandibular tumors. (rdhmag.com)
  • The term "pleomorphic" is used to describe the highly variable microscopic appearance of this tumor. (rdhmag.com)
  • The term "mixed tumor" is still used by some pathologists and dental educators and is often interchanged with pleomorphic adenoma by many. (rdhmag.com)
  • The majority appear to prefer pleomorphic adenoma because of the lack of clarity regarding the origin when using benign mixed tumor (see Figure 2). (rdhmag.com)
  • In addition, they had ductal arrangements or plasmacytoid appearances of tumor cells and myxoid or hyaline stromata, indicating some characteristics of pleomorphic adenoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common tumor of the parotid gland. (tau.ac.il)
  • Recurrence rate of pleomorphic adenomas (RPAs) following superficial parotidectomy was reported to be as high as 4%, sometimes associated with inadequate surgical treatment of the primary tumor. (tau.ac.il)
  • Periphery of the tumor showed chondroid and myxomatous stroma and tubular structures reminiscent of pleomorphic adenoma (PA). (ijhnp.org)
Parotid Pleomorphic Adenoma1
  • Tyrosine crystals in a parotid pleomorphic adenoma in a Vietnamese boat person. (bmj.com)
Myoepithelial carcinoma4
  • Salivary gland tumors with myoepithelial differentiation such as adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), PA, myoepithelioma, basal cell adenoma (BCA), basal cell adenocarcinoma (BCAC), and myoepithelial carcinoma are to be considered in the differential diagnoses. (ijhnp.org)
  • 3 Low-grade carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma can be of the following types: myoepithelial Carcinoma, epithelial-myoepithelial Carcinoma, basal cell adenocarcinoma, etc. (org.pk)
  • The case of a low-grade carcinoma, ex-pleomorphic adenoma arising in a background of pleomorphic adenoma in submandibular gland with morphological and immunohistochemical features compatible with myoepithelial carcinoma is reported here. (org.pk)
  • 4 Myoepithelial carcinoma developing in a background of pleomorphic adenoma accounts for 35% of the cases and is reported infrequently in the literature. (org.pk)
Tumors10
  • Pleomorphic adenomas with an approximately equal proportion of cellular and stromal elements are referred to as classic or mixed-type tumors. (medscape.com)
  • The purpose of this study was to document the delayed CT enhancement characteristics of parotid pleomorphic adenomas and to preliminarily compare these results with the enhancement characteristics of other parotid gland tumors. (ajnr.org)
  • This feature may be useful in selecting an appropriate contrast delay when scanning possible pleomorphic adenomas to improve lesion conspicuity and, potentially, to better distinguish these tumors from other parotid abnormalities. (ajnr.org)
  • Pleomorphic adenoma tumors occur in the major salivary glands of the parotid and the submandibular region. (rdhmag.com)
  • Objective: Pleomorphic adenomas are benign tumors of epithelial origin which typically present as tumors of the salivary gland. (alliedacademies.org)
  • This study demonstrates in vitro that certain cell types from pleomorphic adenoma are able to clone and survive over a long term and develop subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (CxPA) is an uncommon malignancy, accounting for roughly 11% of primary tumors of the salivary gland. (scirp.org)
  • Pleomorphic adenomas account for only about 6.5% of tumors in minor salivary glands, despite being the most common (70%) of all salivary gland neoplasms. (bjorl.org)
  • Malignancy arising in mixed tumors of the salivary gland is a distinct entity that can occur sporadically or in association with a background of pleomorphic adenoma. (ijpmonline.org)
  • We report 23 cases of tumors of the salivary gland comprising 18 cases of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, four cases of carcinosarcoma of the parotid and one case of benign metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma. (ijpmonline.org)
Mucoepidermoid5
  • Background: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma (MECxPA) is an extremely rare salivary gland malignancy. (scirp.org)
  • The final pathologic diagnosis was metastatic high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma. (scirp.org)
  • Conclusions: We describe a novel presentation of high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma as a metastatic parapharyngeal mass. (scirp.org)
  • however, the presence of mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) arising from pleomorphic adenoma (PA) has been rarely reported, with a total of nine cases in the literature. (scirp.org)
  • Herein, we report a case of a high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma within the deep lobe of the parotid gland. (scirp.org)
Epithelial3
  • When the cellular elements predominate, the result is an epithelial cell-rich or myoepithelial cell-rich (ie, cellular) pleomorphic adenoma. (medscape.com)
  • Plasmacytoid cells in salivary pleomorphic adenoma: an alternative interpretation of their immunohistochemical characteristics highlights function and capability for epithelial-mesenchymal transition. (uchicago.edu)
  • It is a myoepithelial or epithelial neoplasm that arises from pleomorphic adenoma, whether primary or recurrent. (org.pk)
Intraoral3
  • Intraoral Pleomorphic Adenoma in Young Patients. (bvsalud.org)
  • Intraoral pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is rare in young individuals, with only single clinical reports or small patient series reported previously. (bvsalud.org)
  • Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common intraoral benign neoplasm. (msdmanuals.com)
Minor salivary glands2
  • Pleomorphic adenomas of the minor salivary glands comprise only 5-10% of cases, with the palate (particularly the junction of the soft and hard palate) and the lip being the most common sites. (medscape.com)
  • Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common neoplasm in major and minor salivary glands. (bvsalud.org)
Normal salivary gland tissue1
  • An immunocytochemical study was carried out on normal salivary gland tissue and ten salivary gland pleomorphic adenomas. (nih.gov)
Hard palate1
Carcinomas1
  • In our previous study, we proposed a concept of focal carcinomas in pleomorphic adenoma which is an advanced stage of accumulated atypical cells with P53 over-expressions as an initial stage or a latent form of apparent carcinomas secondarily arising in pleomorphic adenoma [ 3 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Malignancy3
  • The histological features of squamous cell carcinoma from the transplanted cell systems in nude mice might suggest a secondary onset of malignancy from a pre-existing benign adenoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Historically carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is considered a high-grade malignancy. (org.pk)
  • Literature suggests about 6.2% of pleomorphic adenoma harbour malignancy, 2 and most of these cases involve the parotid gland. (org.pk)
Etiology1
  • Although the exact etiology of pleomorphic adenoma is unknown, the incidence has been found to increase 15 to 20 years after exposure to radiation. (medscape.com)
Biopsy1
  • The biopsy showed spindle cell component with mild atypia, invasion into surrounding tissue, and increased mitotic activity on the basis of which a diagnosis of Low-grade carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma developing in a background of pleomorphic adenoma was made. (org.pk)
Diagnosis1
  • Conclusions: In evaluation of facial masses, the rare diagnosis of heterotopic pleomorphic adenoma should remain low on the list of differential diagnoses. (alliedacademies.org)
Painless2
  • Pleomorphic adenomas usually arise as a slow-growing, painless mass, which may be present for many years. (medscape.com)
  • Clinically, the pleomorphic adenoma will manifest as a slow-growing, painless, mobile mass when found in the lower lobe of the parotid gland. (rdhmag.com)
Translocations2
  • These translocations have been regarded as one of the major responsible genetic events for the tumorigenesis of pleomorphic adenoma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • PLAG1 is activated by the reciprocal chromosomal translocations involving 8q12 in a subset of salivary gland pleomorphic adenomas. (antibodies-online.com)
Neoplasm2
  • The pleomorphic adenoma is a slow-growing, non-ulcerative benign neoplasm that arises from the proliferation of glandular epithelium and myoepithelial cells. (rdhmag.com)
  • Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma is a neoplasm of the salivary gland that causes 3.6% of salivary gland tumours and 12% of salivary gland malignancies. (org.pk)
PLAG11
  • Among those studies, the PLAG1 (pleomorphic adenoma-related gene), which is located in 8q12, has been investigated most extensively. (biomedcentral.com)
Lacrimal Gland1
Occur1
  • Pleomorphic adenomas occur most often in the parotid gland, with a predilection for the tail of the superficial lobe (70-80% of cases). (medscape.com)
Arise1
Cellular2
Facial1
  • When the pleomorphic adenoma is found in the parotid gland, facial nerve involvement is a consideration and the parotid gland may need to be partially removed. (rdhmag.com)
Case3
  • A case has even been reported in which a pleomorphic adenoma presented as a midline nodule in the isthmus of the thyroid. (medscape.com)
  • A case of heterotopic salivary tissue: Pleomorphic adenoma of the nose. (alliedacademies.org)
  • Rarity of our case is in the fact that it has occurred in a middle-aged male with histologic evidence of preexisting pleomorphic adenoma. (ijhnp.org)
Patients1
  • Les patients qui ont accepté de participer après apptéléphonique ont été inclus de janvier à mai 2021.Les variables d'étudeétaient: âge, sexe, acuité visuelle (AV), caractéristiques de la LCET selon Diallo, pronostic fonctionnel et anatomique en post puberté (plus de 15 ans). (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSION1
  • CONCLUSION Delayed CT contrast enhancement is observed in parotid pleomorphic adenomas, increasing in both degree and homogeneity with time. (ajnr.org)
Background3
  • BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Weak or absent CT enhancement in pleomorphic adenomas of the parotid gland has been observed immediately after i.v. contrast administration. (ajnr.org)
  • Background: The most common type of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CPA) is histologically equivalent to salivary duct carcinoma, which has an apocrine phenotype. (koreamed.org)
  • Carcinoma arising with a background of pleomorphic adenoma is well documented. (ijpmonline.org)
Rare1
  • The results demonstrated that myoepithelial cells are relatively rare in the majority of pleomorphic adenomas and that many of the cells which have been classically described as myoepithelial in routine histological preparations do not clearly show this type of differentiation. (nih.gov)
Examination1
  • In three cases which initially were taken for pleomorphic adenomas by routine histological examination, aneuploid cell populations exposed by DNA flow cytometric analysis gave rise to a closer inspection of the suspect lesions. (researchgate.net)
Cases1
  • Other cases of heterotopic pleomorphic adenomas have been described in the literature, including in the breast, lung, and skin. (alliedacademies.org)