KeratitisPolyphagaCystsNaegleriaEncephalitisBalamuthiaGenusIsolatePathogenicAmong the most prevalentSpeciesNeffIntracellularIsolatesMolecularGenotypeCutaneousTrophozoitesInducesInfectionCystCornealBlood-brain bAmoebaeCompoundsProtochlamydiaAssaysIncidenceBiologicalDetectionUnusualHumanCharacteristicsSearchDiseaseHighlyFoundSystems
Keratitis21
- National Outbreak of Acanthamoeba Keratitis Associated with Use of a Contact Lens Solution, United States. (cdc.gov)
- Acanthamoeba Keratitis - Multiple States, 2005-2007. (cdc.gov)
- Acanthamoeba Keratitis in Soft-Contact-Lens Wearers. (cdc.gov)
- Acanthamoeba Keratitis Associated with Contact Lenses - United States. (cdc.gov)
- Acanthamoeba keratitis: The Persistence of Cases Following a Multistate Outbreak. (cdc.gov)
- Updates in Acanthamoeba keratitis. (cdc.gov)
- Factors affecting the epidemiology of Acanthamoeba keratitis. (cdc.gov)
- Joslin CE, Elmer YT, McMahon TT, Passaro DJ, Stayner LT, Sugar J. Epidemiological characteristics of a Chicago-area Acanthamoeba keratitis outbreak. (cdc.gov)
- Tandem scanning confocal corneal microscopy in the diagnosis of suspected Acanthamoeba keratitis. (cdc.gov)
- Laboratory investigation of Acanthamoeba lugdunensis from patients with keratitis. (cdc.gov)
- The diagnosis and management of Acanthamoeba keratitis. (cdc.gov)
- Discrimination between clinically relevant and nonrelevant Acanthamoeba strains isolated from contact lens-wearing keratitis patients in Austria. (cdc.gov)
- Role of mucosal IgA in the resistance to Acanthamoeba keratitis. (cdc.gov)
- Schaumberg DA, Snow KK, Dana MR. The epidemic of Acanthamoeba keratitis: where do we stand? (cdc.gov)
- Yang Z, Cao Z, Panjwani N. Pathogenesis of Acanthamoeba keratitis: carbohydrate-mediated host-parasite interactions. (cdc.gov)
- Acanthamoeba keratitis is a sight-threatening infection with a favorable prognosis when diagnosed and treated early, though surgical intervention and/or corneal transplantation may occasionally be necessary. (medscape.com)
- Acanthamoeba keratitis can develop sporadically among people who wear water-contaminated contact lenses or have had corneal trauma. (medscape.com)
- IMPORTANCE The free-living Acanthamoeba can exist as a trophozoite or cyst and both stages can cause painful blinding keratitis. (escholarship.org)
- Acanthamoeba castellanii is the causative agent of blinding keratitis. (afpm.org.my)
- Based on the findings, it is proposed that DMSO should be included in the contact lens disinfectants as an added preventative strategy against contracting Acanthamoeba keratitis. (afpm.org.my)
- A) Corneal melting and vascularization in a patient with Acanthamoeba keratitis. (parasite-journal.org)
Polyphaga2
- The first member of this family recognized has been named Acanthamoeba polyphaga marseillevirus. (wikipedia.org)
- The amoebicidal and amoebistatic action in vitro of 24 compounds was tested on two strains of Acanthamoeba, A. polyphaga and A. castellanii, isolated from eye infections in this country. (bmj.com)
Cysts8
- In contrast, the novel MPS achieved complete kill within 1 h contact time for both Acanthamoeba trophozoite and cysts. (utmb.edu)
- The isolation of Acanthamoeba cysts from swimming pool water is not unusual, as they resist chlorination. (medscape.com)
- Traditional cysticidal assays for Acanthamoeba species revolve around treating cysts with compounds and manually observing the culture for evidence of excystation. (escholarship.org)
- We adapted and trained a YOLOv3 machine learning, object detection neural network to recognize Acanthamoeba castellanii trophozoites and cysts in microscopy images to develop an automated cysticidal assay. (escholarship.org)
- Acanthamoeba cysts are highly resistant to contact lens disinfecting solutions. (afpm.org.my)
- Using chlorhexidine as an antiamoebic compound and cellulase enzyme to disrupt cyst wall structure, the findings revealed that combination of both agents abolished viability of Acanthamoeba castellanii cysts and trophozoites. (afpm.org.my)
- When tested alone, none of the agents nor contact lens disinfecting solutions completely destroyed A. castellanii cysts and trophozoites. (afpm.org.my)
- The absence of cyst wall-degrading enzymes in marketed contact lens disinfecting solutions render them ineffective against Acanthamoeba cysts. (afpm.org.my)
Naegleria2
- For comparison, the Ryan strain of A. castellanii and Naegleria gruberi L-1 were also examined. (bmj.com)
- Application of the omics sciences to the study of Naegleria fowleri, Acanthamoeba spp. (parasite-journal.org)
Encephalitis5
- Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis due to Acanthamoeba castellanii is a serious human infection with fatal consequences, but it is not clear how the circulating amoebae interact with the blood-brain barrier and transmigrate into the central nervous system. (asm.org)
- We studied the effects of an Acanthamoeba encephalitis isolate belonging to the T1 genotype on human brain microvascular endothelial cells, which constitute the blood-brain barrier. (asm.org)
- Given the host susceptibility and correct environmental conditions, Acanthamoeba can cause granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE), a fatal central nervous system (CNS) infection that occurs in immunocompromised patients ( 7 - 10 , 11 , 19 ). (asm.org)
- Several lines of evidence suggest that hematogenous spread is a prerequisite in Acanthamoeba encephalitis ( 19 - 21 ), but it is not clear how circulating amoebae cross the blood-brain barrier and gain access to the CNS to produce disease. (asm.org)
- First case of granulomatous amebic encephalitis caused by Acanthamoeba castellanii in Taiwan. (legehandboka.no)
Balamuthia1
- Balamuthia mandrillaris and Acanthamoeba spp. (cdc.gov)
Genus4
- The genus Acanthamoeba consists of both pathogenic and nonpathogenic species. (asm.org)
- The evolutionary history of the genus Acanthamoeba and the identification of eight new 18S rRNA gene sequence types. (cdc.gov)
- Amoebas from the genus Acanthamoeba and their pathogenic properties. (legehandboka.no)
- There are presently 30+ described species in the genus Acanthamoeba (phylum Amoebozoa, see Figure 1), and Shi et al . (asmblog.org)
Isolate2
- Methods: The Acanthamoeba isolate A. castellanii was propagated for trophozoite or cyst-containing cultures for the purpose of assessment of effectiveness of each MPS. (utmb.edu)
- isolate EI1 in Acanthamoeba sp. (asmblog.org)
Pathogenic1
- We have demonstrated that pathogenic Acanthamoeba exhibits more than 60% binding to human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC), which constitute the blood-brain barrier ( 2 ). (asm.org)
Among the most prevalent1
- Acanthamoeba are among the most prevalent environmental protozoa and have been classified by 18s rDNA sequencing into at least 20 genotypes, designated T1-T20. (medscape.com)
Species6
- Conclusions: Results suggest that the inclusion of a novel ingredient combination within the MPS under development clearly is required and is ideal for rapid and effective killing of Acanthamoeba species in the context of contact lens disinfection systems. (utmb.edu)
- Future MPS development should consider inclusion of novel chemical entities that are effective against Acanthamoeba species to speed disinfection and further reduce the exposure potential of users of contact lenses and cleaning systems. (utmb.edu)
- Isolated from a hot spring in Japan and eponymously dubbed Medusavirus, this virus infects a species of amoeba known as Acanthamoeba castellanii and causes it to develop a hard, stony shell. (eurekalert.org)
- Not, if it comes to Acanthamoeba species. (asmblog.org)
- Acanthamoeba species ( spp. (cdc.gov)
- Several species of Acanthamoeba are associated with infection (i.e. (cdc.gov)
Neff4
- Neff Carboxylesterase superfamily protein , acaca-l8gri8 Acanthamoeba castellanii str. (inra.fr)
- Neff Cholinesterase , acaca-l8gtb6 Acanthamoeba castellanii str. (inra.fr)
- Neff Carboxylesterase superfamily protein , acaca-l8gr27 Acanthamoeba castellanii str. (inra.fr)
- Neff Carboxylesterase superfamily protein , acaca-l8h9l6 Acanthamoeba castellanii str. (inra.fr)
Intracellular4
- However, the host intracellular signaling pathways and the molecular mechanisms associated with Acanthamoeba -mediated HBMEC cytotoxicity have not been determined. (asm.org)
- Identification and intracellular localization of Acanthamoeba symbionts by FISH. (asmblog.org)
- 2015) observed that V. cholerae can resist intracellular killing by A. castellanii . (asmblog.org)
- Described as "Trojan horses" as they can harbor intracellular bacteria, referred to as endosymbionts, which benefit by increased survival or enhanced pathogenicity from interacting with Acanthamoeba . (hopkinsguides.com)
Isolates1
- Background: A multipurpose contact lens cleaning solution (MPS) containing novel active ingredients under development was compared to two commercially available MPS solutions for effectiveness against Acanthamoeba isolates. (utmb.edu)
Molecular1
- Wu D, Feng M1, Wang ZX, Qiao K, Tachibana H, Cheng XJ (2018) Molecular and biochemical characterization of key enzymes in the cysteine and serine metabolic pathways of Acanthamoeba castellanii Parasit Vectors 11 604. (unipr.it)
Genotype1
- The most common environmental and human pathogens belong to the T4 genotype, and correlate to the A. castellanii complex. (medscape.com)
Cutaneous1
- Cutaneous acanthamoebiasis is a rare diagnosis that carries a mortality rate of over 70%.2 This disease predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals, though infections have been reported in immunocompetent individuals.2 We report a fatal case of cutaneous Acanthamoeba infection in a patient with granulomatous vasculitis on biopsy, initially thought to be antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-negative vasculitis. (cdc.gov)
Trophozoites1
- In addition, we undertook a large-scale bioluminescence-based screen of 9,286 structurally unique marine microbial metabolite fractions against the trophozoites of A. castellanii and identified 29 trophocidal hits. (escholarship.org)
Induces2
- Using an apoptosis-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we showed that Acanthamoeba induces programmed cell death in brain microvascular endothelial cells. (asm.org)
- Mannose induces the release of cytopathic factors from Acanthamoeba castellanii . (cdc.gov)
Infection1
- Treatment was unsuccessful, and the patient died due to complications of widespread Acanthamoeba infection. (cdc.gov)
Cyst2
- Acanthamoeba cyst wall is partially made of 1,4 β-glucan (i.e., cellulose) and other complex polysaccharides making it a hardy shell that protects the resident amoeba. (afpm.org.my)
- It is concluded that the addition of cyst wall degrading molecules in contact lens disinfecting solutions will enhance their efficacy in decreasing the incidence of Acanthamoeba effectively. (afpm.org.my)
Corneal2
- Hurt M, Niederkorn J, Alizadeh H. Effects of mannose on Acanthamoeba castellanii proliferation and cytolytic ability to corneal epithelial cells. (cdc.gov)
- Jaison PL, Cao Z, Panjwani N. Binding of Acanthamoeba to [corrected] mannose-glycoproteins of corneal epithelium: effect of injury. (cdc.gov)
Blood-brain b2
- Moreover, we showed that Acanthamoeba produces severe HBMEC cytotoxicity by secreting extracellular proteases, as well as using contact-dependent mechanisms such as phagocytosis ( 12 ), which may play an important role in blood-brain barrier perturbations. (asm.org)
- Acanthamoeba and the blood-brain barrier: the breakthrough. (legehandboka.no)
Amoebae1
- Brain-eating amoebae ( Acanthamoeba spp. (springer.com)
Compounds2
- Chemotherapeutic compounds and Acanthamoebae from eye infections. (bmj.com)
- Current efforts to identify new anti- Acanthamoeba compounds rely primarily upon assays that target the trophozoite stage of the parasite. (escholarship.org)
Protochlamydia1
- Parachlamydia acanthamoebae and Protochlamydia naegleriophila belong to the family Parachlamydiaceae ( 1 , 4 ). (cdc.gov)
Assays1
- Khan NA, Jarroll EL, Paget TA (2001) Acanthamoeba can be differentiated by the polymerase chain reaction and simple plating assays. (springer.com)
Incidence1
- As Acanthamoeba persists in warmer temperatures, the incidence increases during warmer months. (medscape.com)
Biological1
- Acanthamoeba attachment to surfaces (biological or inert) and migration is an active process and occurs during the trophozoite stage. (afpm.org.my)
Detection1
- Detection of Acanthamoeba spp. (cdc.gov)
Unusual1
- 2007. A bifunctional D 12, D 15-desaturase from Acanthamoeba castellanii directs the synthesis of highly unusual n-1 series unsaturated fatty acids . (hutton.ac.uk)
Human3
- Acanthamoeba was first established as a cause of human disease in the 1970s. (medscape.com)
- Khan NA, Siddiqui R (2009) Acanthamoeba affects the integrity of human brain microvascular endothelial cells and degrades the tight junction proteins. (springer.com)
- No cross-amplification was observed when the analytical specificity was tested with human, amebal ( Acanthamoeba castellanii ATCC 30010), and bacterial DNA ( Technical Appendix ). (cdc.gov)
Characteristics1
- Characteristics of 29 newborns with positive PCR results for Parachlamydia acanthamoebae or Rhabdochlamydia spp. (cdc.gov)
Search1
- Search Acanthamoeba castellanii str. (ensembl.org)
Disease2
- Acanthamoeba can enter the circulation and disseminate in immunocompromised individuals, manifesting as GAE or disseminated disease. (medscape.com)
- Acanthamoeba has caused disease worldwide and appears of increasing interest, particularly in Asia. (medscape.com)
Highly1
- In times long past, highly evolved eukaryotes, for example biochemists, oc-ca-sio-nal-ly quipped that bacteria were nothing more than a bag of en-zymes. (asmblog.org)
Found1
- Acanthamoeba can be found in soil, fresh and brackish water, cooling towers, and heating or air conditioning units. (medscape.com)
Systems1
- Transcriptional changes of proteins of the thioredoxin and glutathione systems in Acanthamoeba spp. (parasite-journal.org)