Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor
Kumar S, Rao K (May 2012). "Waardenburg syndrome: A rare genetic disorder, a report of two cases". Indian Journal of Human ... Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor also known as class E basic helix-loop-helix protein 32 or bHLHe32 is a protein ... MITF, together with transcription factor EB (TFEB), TFE3 and TFEC, belong to a subfamily of related bHLHZip proteins, termed ... Most transcription factors function in cooperation with other factors by protein-protein interactions. Association of MITF with ...
Birendra Bijoy Biswas
Plant Genetic Engineering, Control of Transcription, and Biology of Inositols and Phosphoinositides are some of the notable ... His researches assisted in advancing the studies of transcription process in higher organisms. In order to further his studies ... While in the US, he was successful in identifying the RNA polymerase associated with the transcription and methylation ... ISBN 978-1-4899-1727-0. B.B. Biswas; J. Robin Harris (11 November 2013). Plant Genetic Engineering. Springer Science & Business ...
Molecular genetics
"Transcription, Translation and Replication". www.atdbio.com. Retrieved 2020-12-04. "Genetic Code". Genome.gov. Retrieved 2020- ... This finding suggested that DNA is the genetic material of bacteria. Since its discovery in 1944 genetic transformation has ... was pivotal to molecular genetic research and enabled scientists to begin conducting genetic screens to relate genotypic ... DNA damage theory of aging Epigenetics Gene mapping Genetic code Genetic recombination Genomic imprinting History of genetics ...
Trans-regulatory element
... which lead to changes in transcription activities. This can be direct initiation of transcription, promotion, or repression of ... This accentuates the significance of genetic divergence within species due to cis- and trans-regulatory variants. Trans- and ... Specific examples include: Transcription factors DNA editing proteins edit and permanently change gene sequence, and ... Griffiths AJ, Miller JH, Suzuki DT, Lewontin RC, Gelbart WM (2000). "Transcription and RNA polymerase". An Introduction to ...
Paramutation
The transcription of short interfering RNAs from the tandem repeat regions corroborates this. In animal systems such as ... Through proper breeding, paramutation can result in siblings that have the same genetic sequence, but with drastically ... Paramutation & Pax Transcription Factors. 44: 33-38. doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.08.010. PMID 26325077. de Vanssay, Augustin; ... Paramutation & Pax Transcription Factors. 44: 47-50. doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.08.007. PMID 26335266. (Epigenetics, Gene ...
Sp7 transcription factor
In addition there is significant genetic evidence for its role in diseases such as Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). In humans Sp7 ... Transcription factor Sp7, also called osterix (Osx), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SP7 gene. It is a member of ... Sp12+Transcription+Factor at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) (Articles with short ... As a zinc-finger transcription factor, its relatively high homology with Sp1 seems to indicate that it might act in a similar ...
RE1-silencing transcription factor
Many genetic disorders have been tied to alterations in the REST expression pattern, including colon and small-cell lung ... It is a member of the Kruppel-type zinc finger transcription factor family. It represses transcription by binding a DNA ... RE1-Silencing Transcription factor (REST), also known as Neuron-Restrictive Silencer Factor (NRSF), is a protein which in ... Kojima T, Murai K, Naruse Y, Takahashi N, Mori N (June 2001). "Cell-type non-selective transcription of mouse and human genes ...
Transcription activator-like effector
Genetic constructs to encode TAL effector-based proteins can be made using either conventional gene synthesis or modular ... "Regulation of selected genome loci using de novo-engineered transcription activator-like effector (TALE)-type transcription ... TAL (transcription activator-like) effectors (often referred to as TALEs, but not to be confused with the three amino acid loop ... Sanjana NE, Cong L, Zhou Y, Cunniff MM, Feng G, Zhang F (January 2012). "A transcription activator-like effector toolbox for ...
Transcription activator-like effector nuclease
For example, it has been used in vitro to correct the genetic defects that cause disorders such as sickle cell disease, ... Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) are restriction enzymes that can be engineered to cut specific ... Zhang Y, Zhang F, Li X, Baller JA, Qi Y, Starker CG, Bogdanove AJ, Voytas DF (January 2013). "Transcription activator-like ... Mahfouz MM, Li L, Shamimuzzaman M, Wibowo A, Fang X, Zhu JK (February 2011). "De novo-engineered transcription activator-like ...
Genetic recombination
Hu WS, Temin HM (November 1990). "Retroviral recombination and reverse transcription". Science. 250 (4985): 1227-33. Bibcode: ... Genetic recombination (also known as genetic reshuffling) is the exchange of genetic material between different organisms which ... In eukaryotes, genetic recombination during meiosis can lead to a novel set of genetic information that can be further passed ... The shuffling of genes brought about by genetic recombination produces increased genetic variation. It also allows sexually ...
Genetic variation
... damage in the RNA genome appears to be avoided during reverse transcription by strand switching, a form of genetic ... Genetic diversity Genetic variability Human genetic variation Cheetah#Genetics - animal with known low genetic variability ... "Genetic Variation" in Griffiths, A.J.F. Modern Genetic Analysis, Vol 2., p. 7 "How is Genetic Variation Maintained in ... such as genetic drift, contribute to it, as well. Genetic variation can be identified at many levels. Identifying genetic ...
Gene product
Transcription Factor , Learn Science at Scitable". www.nature.com. Retrieved 2015-11-09. Beadle GW, Tatum EL. Genetic Control ... For example, transcription factors bind to DNA to help transcription of RNA. In 1941, Beadle and Tatum proposed on the basis of ... see Genetic code). Fearon ER, Vogelstein B (June 1990). "A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis". Cell. 61 (5): 759-67. ... Short-interfering RNA (siRNA) also work by negative regulation of transcription. These siRNA molecules work in RNA-induced ...
T-box transcription factor T
In a stem-loop structure, genetic material trapped within the loop is recognized by transcription-coupled nucleotide excision ... "Genetic instability associated with loop or stem-loop structures within transcription units can be independent of nucleotide ... T-box transcription factor T, also known as Brachyury protein, is encoded for in humans by the TBXT gene. Brachyury functions ... This is also how lesions are able to occur at all-the stalled transcription process serves as a beacon for TC NER proteins to ...
Superfamily database
The general categories of function are: Information: storage, maintenance of genetic code; DNA replication and repair; general ... transcription and translation. Regulation: Regulation of gene expression and protein activity; information processing in ...
Transcription factor II A
Genetic analysis in yeast has shown that TFIIA is essential for viability. TFIIA is a heterodimer with two subunits: one large ... Transcription factor TFIIA is a nuclear protein involved in the RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription of DNA. TFIIA is one ... transcription. The requirement for TFIIA in vitro transcription systems has been variable, and it can be considered either as a ... Transcription+Factor+TFIIA at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) (Articles with short ...
Cystic fibrosis
Most target the transcription stage of genetic expression. One approach has been to try and develop medication that get the ... "Genetic testing for cystic fibrosis Genetic Testing for Cystic Fibrosis". Consensus Development Conference Statement. National ... Otherwise, genetic therapy will be used as a treatment when modulator therapies do not work given that 10% of people with ... The condition is diagnosed by a sweat test and genetic testing. Screening of infants at birth takes place in some areas of the ...
Human mitochondrial genetics
The H1 promoter causes the transcription of the two mitochondrial rRNA molecules. When transcription takes place on the heavy ... Mitochondrial genetic mutations that occur in the nuclear DNA can occur in any of the chromosomes (depending on the species). ... The requirement of transcription to produce primers links the process of transcription to mtDNA replication. Full length ... mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), and mitochondrial transcription factors B1 and B2 (TFB1M, TFB2M). POLRMT, TFAM, ...
Transcription factor II F
"Genetic characterization of general transcription factors TFIIF and TFIIB of Homo sapiens sapiens". Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 69 ( ... Transcription factor II F (TFIIF) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II ... Transcription+Factor+TFIIF at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) v t e (Articles with short ... TFIIF binds to RNA polymerase II when the enzyme is already unbound to any other transcription factor, thus preventing it from ...
Hypopituitarism
Each transcription factor acts in particular groups of cells. Therefore, various genetic mutations are associated with specific ... This requires particular transcription factors that induce the expression of particular genes. Some of these transcription ... If a genetic cause is suspected, genetic testing may be performed. Treatment of hypopituitarism is threefold: removing the ... In addition to the pituitary, some of the transcription factors are also required for the development of other organs; some of ...
R-loop
"Introns Protect Eukaryotic Genomes from Transcription-Associated Genetic Instability". Molecular Cell. 67 (4): 608-621.e6. doi: ... The presence of R-loops can also inhibit transcription. Additionally, R-loop formation appears to be associated with "open" ... Drolet M, Bi X, Liu LF (January 1994). "Hypernegative supercoiling of the DNA template during transcription elongation in vitro ... This discovery of endogenous R-loops, in conjunction with rapid advances in genetic sequencing technologies, inspired a ...
Genesee Scientific
May 2009). "Ancient mtDNA Genetic Variants Modulate mtDNA Transcription and Replication". PLOS Genetics. 5 (5): e1000474. doi: ...
Mitochondrial Eve
May 2009). Desalle R (ed.). "Ancient mtDNA genetic variants modulate mtDNA transcription and replication". PLOS Genetics. 5 (5 ... Without a DNA sample, it is not possible to reconstruct the complete genetic makeup (genome) of any individual who died very ... Callaway E (6 August 2013). "Genetic Adam and Eve did not live too far apart in time". Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2013.13478. ... Sykes B (2002). The Seven Daughters of Eve: The Science That Reveals Our Genetic Ancestry. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0- ...
Intron
August 2017). "Introns Protect Eukaryotic Genomes from Transcription-Associated Genetic Instability". Molecular Cell. 67 (4): ... the overall error rate may be partly limited by the fidelity of transcription because transcription errors will introduce ... In addition, the transcription error rate of 10−5 - 10−6 is high enough that one in every 25,000 transcribed exons will have an ... Following transcription into RNA, group I and group II introns also make extensive internal interactions that allow them to ...
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
This genetic disease is caused by a malfunction in the HPRT1 gene, which clinically leads to the fatal uric acid urinary stone ... Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a laboratory technique combining reverse transcription of RNA into ... First the reverse transcription and then the PCR. This method is more sensitive than the one-step method. Kits are also useful ... RT-PCR has been used to indicate both real-time PCR (qPCR) and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Since its introduction in ...
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
Regulation can also occur through genetic pathways. The isoform, G6PDH, is regulated by transcription and posttranscription ... Clinically, an X-linked genetic deficiency of G6PD makes a human prone to non-immune hemolytic anemia. G6PD is widely ... Some scientists have proposed that some of the genetic variation in human G6PD resulted from generations of adaptation to ... Moreover, G6PD is one of a number of glycolytic enzymes activated by the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1 ...
Cartilage-derived angiogenesis inhibitor
Their genetic transcription increases upon the expansion of cartilaginous regions. Recent studies on Troponin I hypothesize ...
FOXE1
2004). "Production and application of polyclonal antibody to human thyroid transcription factor 2 reveals thyroid transcription ... 2005). "Genetic analysis of TTF-2 gene in children with congenital hypothyroidism and cleft palate, congenital hypothyroidism, ... 2002). "Thyroid transcription factor-2 gene expression in benign and malignant thyroid lesions". Thyroid. 11 (11): 995-1001. ... "Entrez Gene: FOXE1 forkhead box E1 (thyroid transcription factor 2)". FOXE1 Dixon MJ, Marazita ML, Beaty TH, Murray JC (March ...
CpG island hypermethylation
These are genetic hotspots as they are sites for active methylation. The expression of a gene is tissue specific, which leads ... This modification is distributed throughout the genome and represses transcription. A CpG island is a cytosine and guanine ... DNA methylation acts as an alternative to genetic mutation. According to the Knudson hypothesis, cancer is a result of multiple ...
Karen Avraham
POU-Domain transcription factors, Genetic hearing loss. Patrick J. Willems (ed), Marcel Dekker, c2004. LCCN 2003-62467 ... Her team studies the molecular basis of hearing loss using genetic, developmental, biochemical, cellular and bioinformatic ... and the Genetic Society of Israel (GSI). She is an editor of Mammalian Genome (2017), section editor of the European Journal of ...
PAX6
Freund C, Horsford DJ, McInnes RR (1996). "Transcription factor genes and the developing eye: a genetic perspective". Human ... As a transcription factor, Pax6 acts at the molecular level in the signaling and formation of the central nervous system. The ... This transcription factor is most noted for its use in the interspecifically induced expression of ectopic eyes and is of ... PAX6 is a member of the Pax gene family which is responsible for carrying the genetic information that will encode the Pax-6 ...