"Toll-like receptors". Crit. Care Med. 30 (1 Suppl): S1-11. doi:10.1097/00003246-200201001-00001. PMID 11782555. Toll-Like+ ... Toll-like receptor 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR10 gene. TLR10 has also been designated as CD290 ( ... The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family which play a fundamental role in pathogen ... Chuang T, Ulevitch RJ (Mar 2001). "Identification of hTLR10: a novel human Toll-like receptor preferentially expressed in ...

"Toll-like receptor 3 mediates a more potent antiviral response than Toll-like receptor 4". Journal of Immunology. 170 (7): 3565 ... TLR4 is a transmembrane protein, member of the toll-like receptor family, which belongs to the pattern recognition receptor ( ... Pålsson-McDermott EM, O'Neill LA (October 2004). "Signal transduction by the lipopolysaccharide receptor, Toll-like receptor-4 ... Toll-like receptor 4 has been shown to be important for the long-term side-effects of opioid analgesic drugs. Various μ-opioid ...

"Entrez Gene: TLR8 toll-like receptor 8". Seizer L, Rahimi S, Santos-Sierra S, Drexel M (2022) Expression of toll like receptor ... Kaisho T, Akira S (February 2002). "Toll-like receptors as adjuvant receptors". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular ... Toll-like receptor 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR8 gene. TLR8 has also been designated as CD288 (cluster ... Toll-Like+Receptor+8 at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) PDBe-KB provides an overview of ...

December 2009). "Recognition of lipopeptide patterns by Toll-like receptor 2-Toll-like receptor 6 heterodimer". Immunity. 31 (6 ... Toll-like receptor 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR6 gene. TLR6 is a transmembrane protein, member of toll- ... This receptor functionally interacts with toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) to mediate cellular response to gram-positive bacteria, ... like receptor family, which belongs to the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family. TLR6 acts in a heterodimer form with toll ...

TLR3 is a member of the toll-like receptor family of pattern recognition receptors of the innate immune system. TLR3 recognizes ... Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) also known as CD283 (cluster of differentiation 283) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ... "Entrez Gene: toll-like receptor 3". Norval M (2012). "Virus-Cell Interactions". In Greenwood D, Slack RC, Barer MR, et al. (eds ... Pan LN, Zhu W, Li Y, Xu XL, Guo LJ, Lu Q, Wang J (2014). "Astrocytic Toll-like receptor 3 is associated with ischemic ...

... (TLR1) is a member of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which is a family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs ... Toll-like receptors, All stub articles, Transmembrane receptor stubs). ... Toll-Like+Receptor+1 at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) PDBe-KB provides an overview of ... Toll-like receptors, including TLR-1, found on the epithelial cell layer that lines the small and large intestine are important ...

TLR2 is one of the toll-like receptors and plays a role in the immune system. TLR2 is a membrane protein, a receptor, which is ... Toll-like receptor 2 also known as TLR2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR2 gene. TLR2 has also been designated ... The following ligands have been reported to be agonists of the toll-like receptor 2: TLR 2 has been shown to interact with TLR ... The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen ...

TLR11 belongs to the toll-like receptor (TLR) family and the interleukin-1 receptor/toll-like receptor superfamily. In mice, ... Toll-like receptor 11 (TLR11) is a protein that in mice and rats is encoded by the gene TLR11, whereas in humans it is ... Zhang D, Zhang G, Hayden MS, Greenblatt MB, Bussey C, Flavell RA, Ghosh S (March 2004). "A toll-like receptor that prevents ... Hatai H, Lepelley A, Zeng W, Hayden MS, Ghosh S (2016). "Toll-Like Receptor 11 (TLR11) Interacts with Flagellin and Profilin ...

... the toll/IL-1R homologous region (TIR). The similarity between toll-like receptors (TLRs) and IL-1R is not restricted to ... interleukin-1 receptors, toll receptors and many plant R proteins. It contains three highly conserved regions, and mediates ... The toll-interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) homology domain is an intracellular signaling domain found in MyD88, SARM1, ... Essuman K, Summers DW, Sasaki Y, Mao X, DiAntonio A, Milbrandt J (March 2017). "The SARM1 Toll/Interleukin-1 Receptor Domain ...

It has been estimated that most mammalian species have between ten and fifteen types of toll-like receptors. Thirteen TLRs ( ... Toll-like receptors and ligands database at University of Munich The Toll-Like Receptor Family of Innate Immune Receptors (pdf ... NOD-like receptor Immunologic adjuvant RIG-I-like receptor Toll-Like+Receptors at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical ... TLRs together with the Interleukin-1 receptors form a receptor superfamily, known as the "interleukin-1 receptor / toll-like ...

Brown V, Brown RA, Ozinsky A, Hesselberth JR, Fields S (March 2006). "Binding specificity of Toll-like receptor cytoplasmic ...

Viral components are recognized by different receptors: Toll-like receptors are located in the endosomal membrane and recognize ... Imler JL, Hoffmann JA (July 2001). "Toll receptors in innate immunity". Trends in Cell Biology. 11 (7): 304-311. doi:10.1016/ ... These cells present receptors contained on the surface or within the cell, named pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which ... The various subsets may be considered part of the innate immune system where a restricted TCR or NK receptors may be used as a ...

... s sense bacteria via MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor (TLR) activation which then triggers antimicrobial action. ... August 2004). "Degranulation of paneth cells via toll-like receptor 9". The American Journal of Pathology. 165 (2): 373-381. ... Paneth cells are also a major source of Notch ligands DLL1 and DLL4, binding to Notch receptors Notch1 and Notch2 on intestinal ... They express the canonical Wnt ligands: Wnt3a, Wnt9b, and Wnt11, which bind to Frizzled receptors on intestinal stem cells to ...

Regulation of Toll-like Receptor Signaling". Journal of Immunology Research. 2018: 3491269. doi:10.1155/2018/3491269. PMC ... Retrieved 2020-10-31. Heyninck K, De Valck D, Vanden Berghe W, Van Criekinge W, Contreras R, Fiers W, et al. (June 1999). "The ... Shamilov R, Aneskievich BJ (2018-10-03). "TNIP1 in Autoimmune Diseases: ...

Members of interleukin-1 receptor (Il-1R) and the Toll-like receptor superfamily share an intracytoplasmic Toll-IL-1 receptor ( ... March 2006). "Interactions of sequence variants in interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase4 and the toll-like receptor 6-1-10 ... or Toll-like receptor-mediated immune responses (TLR), but was not essential to T-cell Receptor (TCR) signalling as was ... The Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) are stimulated by recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS), whereas members ...

They are recognized by toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in both plants and animals. ... August 2004). "Toll-like receptor pathways in the immune responses to mycobacteria". Microbes and Infection. 6 (10): 946-959. ... Dammermann W, Wollenberg L, Bentzien F, Lohse A, Lüth S (October 2013). "Toll like receptor 2 agonists lipoteichoic acid and ... February 2001). "Induction of direct antimicrobial activity through mammalian toll-like receptors". Science. 291 (5508): 1544- ...

"Toll-like receptor control of the adaptive immune response" (PDF). Nature Immunology. Nature Publishing Group. Archived from ... According to Google Scholar, one of her publications, "Toll-like receptor control of the adaptive immune response," has been ... Iwasaki, A.; Medzhitov, R. (2004). "Toll-like receptor control of the adaptive immune responses". Nature Immunology. 5 (4): 987 ...

Carvalho A, Pasqualotto AC, Pitzurra L, Romani L, Denning DW, Rodrigues F (February 2008). "Polymorphisms in toll-like receptor ... such as defects to toll-like receptor (TLR) 4, IL1 and IL15, TLR3, TLR10, TREM1, VEGFA, DENND1B, and PLAT. The full underlying ... 25 (10): 3100-7. doi:10.1007/s00330-015-3690-7. PMID 25791639. S2CID 13065490. Kim SH, Kim MY, Hong SI, Jung J, Lee HJ, Yun SC ... 180 (10): 6854-67. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.180.10.6854. PMID 18453606. Hope WW, Walsh TJ, Denning DW (May 2005). "The invasive and ...

There are four main groups of TIR domain-containing proteins in animals; Toll-like receptors, Interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R), ... Bowie A, O'Neill LA (April 2000). "The interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor superfamily: signal generators for pro- ... O'Neill LA (December 2008). "The interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor superfamily: 10 years of progress". Immunological ... Each of these groups is involved mainly in host defence; Toll receptors are also involved in embryogenesis. The TIR domain is ...

The black guineafowl's genome includes a toll-like receptor (TLR1) which plays an important role in the bird's immune system. ... Wu, Yanhua; Ruan, Wenke; Cui, Defeng; Li, Huanrong (2012). "Identification of a Toll-Like Receptor 1 in Guinea Fowl (Agelastes ... 50 (9-10): 702-716. doi:10.1007/s10528-012-9513-5. PMID 22570094. S2CID 15885569. (Articles with short description, Short ...

Cells have sensors that can specifically recognize viral DNA such as the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway. The Toll Pathway was ... 54 (10): 1527-1533. doi:10.1038/s41588-022-01177-x. PMC 9534767. PMID 36123406. Wu S, Turner KM, Nguyen N, Raviram R, Erb M, ... Retrieved 2021-10-02. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty ,title= (help) Sanjuán R, Nebot MR, Chirico N, Mansky LM, Belshaw R ( ... 1819 (9-10): 914-20. doi:10.1016/j.bbagrm.2011.11.005. PMID 22142616. Cara A, Reitz MS (September 1997). "New insight on the ...

They include opsonin receptors, scavenger receptors, and Toll-like receptors. Opsonin receptors increase the phagocytosis of ... Scavenger receptors bind to a large range of molecules on the surface of bacterial cells, and Toll-like receptors-so called ... Mast cells have Toll-like receptors and interact with dendritic cells, B cells, and T cells to help mediate adaptive immune ... Binding to Toll-like receptors increases phagocytosis and causes the phagocyte to release a group of hormones that cause ...

"Toll-like Receptor Polymorphism Associations with HIV-1 Outcomes Among Sub-Saharan Africans". The Journal of Infectious ... In 2000, while driving through villages in the coastal areas near Durban, South Africa, she saw the tangible toll of the AIDS ... 209 (10): 1623-7. doi:10.1093/infdis/jit807. PMC 3997584. PMID 24325963. Li, Shuying S; Gilbert, Peter B; Tomaras, Georgia D; ... 177 (10): 7406-15. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.177.10.7406. PMID 17082660. Hladik, Florian; Sakchalathorn, Polachai; Ballweber, Lamar ...

A major role in B. quintana infection is its lipopolysaccharide covering which is an antagonist of the toll-like receptor 4. ... 2007). "Bartonella quintana Lipopolysaccharide Is a Natural Antagonist of Toll-Like Receptor 4". Infection and Immunity. 75 (10 ... 24 (10): 1140-1. doi:10.1016/0046-8177(93)90196-N. PMID 8406424. Popa, C.; Abdollahi-Roodsaz, S.; Joosten, L. A. B.; Takahashi ... Retrieved November 10, 2013. "Definition of Bartonella quintana". MedicineNet. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. ...

Bin LH, Xu LG, Shu HB (Jul 2003). "TIRP, a novel Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adapter protein involved ... Keating SE, Maloney GM, Moran EM, Bowie AG (Nov 2007). "IRAK-2 participates in multiple toll-like receptor signaling pathways ... is required for Toll-like receptor-4 signal transduction". Nature. 413 (6851): 78-83. Bibcode:2001Natur.413...78F. doi:10.1038/ ... is required for Toll-like receptor-4 signal transduction". Nature. 413 (6851): 78-83. Bibcode:2001Natur.413...78F. doi:10.1038/ ...

21(5): 557-562 Walker WE, Goldstein DR (August 2007). "Neonatal B cells suppress innate toll-like receptor immune responses and ... Receptors of KIR (Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor) family bind concrete MHC class I molecules. If the graft has these ... Specific T-cell receptors (TCR) of CD8+ T-lymphocytes recognize these peptides when form the complex with MHC class I molecules ... In contrast, there are also such receptors on T-lymphocytes that cause inhibition of T-cell activation (for instance CD152/CTLA ...

... by pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors ((TLRs)). MIR155HG (i.e. miR-155-5p) expression is greatly ... Takeda K, Akira S (Jan 2005). "Toll-like receptors in innate immunity". International Immunology. 17 (1): 1-14. doi:10.1093/ ... Mature receptors affinity and specificity of lymphocytes to pathogenic agents underlie proper immune responses, optimal miR-155 ... Yin Q, Wang X, McBride J, Fewell C, Flemington E (Feb 2008). "B-cell receptor activation induces BIC/miR-155 expression through ...

"RNA-associated autoantigens activate B cells by combined B cell antigen receptor/Toll-like receptor 7 engagement". The Journal ... This suggested that other TLRs (of which ten are now known to exist in humans) might also act as sensors of infection in ... numerous cell surface receptors, including the TGFβ receptor, B cell receptor, and T cell receptor activate NF-κB. In short, it ... Beutler and his team thus proved that one of the mammalian Toll-like receptors, TLR4, acts as the membrane-spanning component ...

Dysfunction of the innate immune system as a result of abnormal signaling through immune receptors called toll-like receptors ( ... Cario E (September 2010). "Toll-like receptors in inflammatory bowel diseases: a decade later". Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. 16 ... the cannabinoids bind to these receptors in the same way. Previous studies have shown that CB1 receptors located on the nerve ... CB1 cannabinoid receptors - which are known to be present in the brain - exist in the endothelial cells which line the gut, it ...

2 February 2014). "Characterization of toll-like receptors 1-10 in spotted hyenas". Veterinary Research Communications. 38 (2 ... By 10-14 million years ago, the hyena family had split into two distinct groups: dog-like hyenas and bone-crushing hyenas. The ... 10 (10): e0137679. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1037679F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0137679. PMC 4621877. PMID 26444876. Flies, A.S.; et ... The spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) diverged from the striped and brown hyena 10 million years ago. Its direct ancestor was the ...