Jiang M, Pandey S, Tran VT, Fong HK (1991). "Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins in retinal pigment epithelial cells ...

In view of their location between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and its vascular supply, the choriocapillaris, it is ... April 2007). "High concentration of zinc in sub-retinal pigment epithelial deposits". Exp. Eye Res. 84 (4): 772-80. doi:10.1016 ... are tiny yellow or white accumulations of extracellular material that build up between Bruch's membrane and the retinal pigment ... He was convinced that drusen originated from the nuclei of the pigment cells, which he believed to belong to the choroid. ...

The blood retinal barrier has two components: the retinal vascular endothelium and the retinal pigment epithelium. Retinal ... The retinal pigment epithelium maintains the outer blood-retinal barrier. Diabetic retinopathy, eye damage that frequently ... Blood-retinal barrier[permanent dead link]. Retrieved on July 19, 2007. Vinores, SA (1995). "Assessment of blood-retinal ... It consists of non-fenestrated capillaries of the retinal circulation and tight-junctions between retinal epithelial cells ...

... and other retinal diseases, and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which supports the photoreceptors and is also implicated ... 2001). "Pigment epithelium-derived factor inhibits retinal and choroidal neovascularization". J Cell Physiol. 188 (2): 253-263 ... 2011). "AAV Mediated GDNF Secretion From Retinal Glia Slows Down Retinal Degeneration in a Rat Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa". ... and the various retinal layers act as physical barriers for the delivery of drugs and vectors to the deeper retinal layers. ...

Jiang M, Pandey S, Tran VT, Fong HK (May 1991). "Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins in retinal pigment epithelial ...

The photosensitive retinal ganglion cells contain a pigment called melanopsin. This photopigment is depolarized in the presence ...

Jiang M, Pandey S, Tran VT, Fong HK (May 1991). "Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins in retinal pigment epithelial ...

Jiang M, Pandey S, Tran VT, Fong HK (1991). "Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins in retinal pigment epithelial cells ...

16 The tapetum lucidum is within the retinal pigment epithelium; in the other three types the tapetum is within the choroid ... Nightjars use a retinal tapetum lucidum composed of lipids. Like humans, some animals lack a tapetum lucidum and they usually ... A classification of anatomical variants of tapeta lucida defines four types: Retinal tapetum, as seen in teleosts (with a ... The brownsnout spookfish has an extraordinary focusing mirror derived from a retinal tapetum. Choroidal guainine tapetum, as ...

von Recum, H. A.; Kikuchi, A.; Okuhara, M.; Sakurai, Y.; Okano, T.; Kim, S. W. (1998). "Retinal pigmented epithelium cultures ...

... is a different disease from PRA involving the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and is also known as retinal pigment epithelial ... CPRA is also known as retinal pigment epithelial dystrophy (RPED). The cause of this condition is the loss of the retinal ... It is characterized by accumulation of pigment spots in the retina surrounded by retinal atrophy and a mottled appearance of ... It can also be found in the poodle varieties There is another retinal disease in Briards known as hereditary retinal dysplasia ...

"OTX2 regulates expression of DOPAchrome tautomerase in human retinal pigment epithelium". Biochemical and Biophysical Research ... Otx2 also represses specific retinal fates (such as subtypes of retinal ganglion and horizontal cells) of sister cells to ... "Functional and Evolutionary Diversification of Otx2 and Crx in Vertebrate Retinal Photoreceptor and Bipolar Cell Development". ... "The transcription factor Engrailed-2 guides retinal axons". Nature. 438 (7064): 94-8. Bibcode:2005Natur.438...94B. doi:10.1038/ ...

April 2003). "A novel function for Hedgehog signalling in retinal pigment epithelium differentiation". Development. 130 (8): ...

They went on to use fundus autofluorescence to image the retinal pigment epithelium over the course of a year, this allowed ... Since the choriocapillaris is the main blood supply of the retinal pigment epithelium, it is leading some to believe that ... However, more recent data suggest that photoreceptor degeneration is not limited to the area of retinal pigment epithelium ... Multiple imaging methods can be applied to quantify this area of retinal pigment epithelium atrophy including short-wavelength ...

Additionally, RGD has been used in regeneration of retinal pigmented epithelium. This tissue can be generated from human ... It has been shown that RGD-alginate hydrogels improve derivation of retinal tissue from stem cells. RGD and other bioactive ... "3D culture of human pluripotent stem cells in RGD-alginate hydrogel improves retinal tissue development". Acta Biomaterialia. ...

Flash blindness is caused by bleaching (oversaturation) of the retinal pigment. As the pigment returns to normal, so too does ... If the intensity is great enough, a permanent retinal burn (photic retinopathy) will result." It is unclear whether pain is ...

In cone cells, there are different types of opsins that combine with retinal to form pigments called photopsins. Three ... The membranous photoreceptor protein opsin contains a pigment molecule called retinal. In rod cells, these together are called ... Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are a subset (≈1-3%) of retinal ganglion cells, unlike other ... The photoreceptors (rods and cones) transmit to the bipolar cells, which transmit then to the retinal ganglion cells. Retinal ...

Reports of iPSC-derived retinal pigmented epithelium transplantation showed enhanced visual-guided behaviors of experimental ... "Derivation of functional retinal pigmented epithelium from induced pluripotent stem cells". Stem Cells. 27 (10): 2427-34. doi: ... example is the transformation of iris cells to lens cells in the process of maturation and transformation of retinal pigment ... There are several articles describing methods for producing retinal cells from iPSCs and how to use them for cell therapy. ...

Soraprazan (remofuscin) has been found to remove lipofuscin from retinal pigment epithelial cells in animals. This opens up a ... Julien, S; Schraermeyer, U (Oct 2012). "Lipofuscin can be removed from the retinal pigment epithelium of monkeys". Neurobiol ... "Reversible accumulation of lipofuscin-like inclusions in the retinal pigment epithelium". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual ... It is considered to be one of the aging or "wear-and-tear" pigments, found in the liver, kidney, heart muscle, retina, adrenals ...

Duncan KG, Bailey KR, Kane JP, Schwartz DM (April 2002). "Human retinal pigment epithelial cells express scavenger receptors BI ... Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research. 21 (6): 665-76. doi:10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00505.x. PMID 19067971. S2CID 24698373. Duggan ...

Formed by endothelium of retinal vessels and epithelium of retinal pigment. Blood-air barrier - Membrane separating alveolar ... Blood-retinal barrier: non-fenestrated capillaries of the retinal circulation and tight-junctions between retinal epithelial ... ciliary epithelium and retinal pigment epithelium. It is a physical barrier between the local blood vessels and most parts of ... Semipermeable capillary border that allows selective passage of blood constituents into the brain Blood-retinal barrier - Part ...

Radu RA, Hu J, Peng J, Bok D, Mata NL, Travis GH (July 2008). "Retinal pigment epithelium-retinal G protein receptor-opsin ... RPE, retinal pigment epithelium; ipRGC, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells; OPL, outer plexiform layer; IPL, ... RGR-opsins, also known as Retinal G protein coupled receptors are expressed in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and Müller ... a novel visual pigment-like protein located in the apical microvilli of the retinal pigment epithelium". Proceedings of the ...

These parts conduct photosynthetic reactions with retinal pigment rather than chlorophyll. This allows them to create a proton ... This pigment is used to absorb light, which provides energy to create ATP. Halobacteria also possess a second pigment, ... Large blooms appear reddish, from the pigment bacteriorhodopsin. ...

All the retinal molecules in the chromophore of the visual pigment molecule, exist in the 11-trans-retinal state after ... and subsequent conversion to the 11-cis-retinal state in retinal pigment epithelial cells, for both rod and cone cells. The 11- ... retinal Müller and retinal pigment epithelial cells". Experimental Eye Research. 76 (2): 257-60. doi:10.1016/s0014-4835(02) ... CRALBP is not just found in retina and retinal pigment epithelial cells, but also expressed in other cell types. It is majorly ...

Blumenthal EZ; Papamichael G; Merin S (1998). "Combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium: a bilateral ... "A pilot study of topical treatment with an alpha2-agonist in patients with retinal dystrophies". J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 24 (1 ... was an Israeli ophthalmologist specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of retinal and genetic eye diseases. Saul Merin was ...

... regulates melanosome biogenesis and localization in the retinal pigment epithelium". Development. 133 (20): 4109-18. doi: ... Shroom2 is both necessary and sufficient to govern the localization of pigment granules at the apical surface of epithelial ...

... and 7 occur in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. RPE65 isomerohydrolases are homologous with beta-carotene monooxygenases ... Retinal is a conjugated chromophore. In the human eye, retinal begins in an 11-cis-retinal configuration, which - upon ... In these molecules, light causes the all-trans-retinal to become 13-cis retinal, which then cycles back to all-trans-retinal in ... Just as carotenoids are the precursors of retinal, retinal is the precursor of the other forms of vitamin A. Retinal is ...

2002). "Apoptosis-mediating receptor-ligand systems in human retinal pigment epithelial cells". Graefes Arch. Clin. Exp. ...

"Membrane receptors for retinol-binding protein in cultured human retinal pigment epithelium". Investigative Ophthalmology & ... "Reductions in serum vitamin A arrest accumulation of toxic retinal fluorophores: a potential therapy for treatment of ... lipofuscin-based retinal diseases". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 46 (12): 4393-401. doi:10.1167/iovs.05-0820. ...

Saari JC, Garwin GG, Van Hooser JP, Palczewski K (1998). "Reduction of all-trans-retinal limits regeneration of visual pigment ... All-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (RDH8) is a visual cycle enzyme that reduces all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinol in the ... 2004). "Retinal dehydrogenase 12 (RDH12) mutations in leber congenital amaurosis". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 75 (4): 639-646. doi: ... It is important in the visual cycle by beginning the rhodopsin regeneration pathway by reducing all-trans-retinal, the product ...