Hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis Male lactation Prolactin modulator Prolactin receptor Prolactin-releasing hormone ... Prolactin and its receptor are expressed in the skin, specifically in the hair follicles, where they regulate hair growth and ... Anterior pituitary hormones, Breastfeeding, Galactagogues, Hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis, Hormones of ... The hormone acts in endocrine, autocrine, and paracrine manners through the prolactin receptor and numerous cytokine receptors ...

They also regulate many hormones including pituitary, gonadal and hypothalamic hormones as well as insulin. They are also nerve ... which recruits and phosphorylates a type I receptor. The type I receptor then phosphorylates receptor-regulated SMADs (R-SMADs ... The type II receptor is a serine/threonine receptor kinase, which catalyzes the phosphorylation of the Type I receptor. Each ... It can then either form a receptor complex with activin A receptor, type IB (ACVR1B) or with activin A receptor, type IC ( ...

... the receptors on the pituitary can no longer bind thyroid hormone. Due to this, TSH production and secretion is not regulated ... Thyroid hormone receptors regulate gene expression by binding to hormone response elements (HREs) in DNA either as monomers, ... The thyroid hormone receptor (TR) is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by binding thyroid hormone. TRs act as ... thyroid hormone receptor alpha) gene and three TR-β isoform splice variants encoded by the THRB (thyroid hormone receptor beta ...

Peptide hormones, Hormones of the digestive system, Hormones of the hypothalamus, Hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary- ... VIP in the pituitary helps to regulate prolactin secretion; it stimulates prolactin release in the domestic turkey. ... Hypothalamic-pituitary-prolactin axis Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor VPAC1 VPAC2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ... Additionally, the growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GH-RH) is a member of the VIP family and stimulates growth hormone ...

... stimulate hyperplasia and hypertrophy of target cells and regulate their own receptors. Anterior pituitary produces prolactin, ... Hormones of the hypothalamus, Hormones of the pituitary gland, Hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary axis). ... There is a pituitary portal system, with which the hormones are transported. These hormones are prolactin, growth hormone, TSH ... Hypothalamic-pituitary hormones are hormones that are produced by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. Although the organs in ...

Adaptive immunocompetence is regulated by growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and vasopressin (VP) - hormones secreted by the ... In order for lymphocytes such as T cells to become immunocompetent, which refers to the ability of lymphocyte cell receptors to ... pituitary gland. Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology (medical journal) Parasite-stress theory "ACIP Altered ...

The primary hormones involved in regulating translocation appear to be the melanocortins, melatonin, and melanin-concentrating ... At the surface of the melanophore, the hormones have been shown to activate specific G-protein-coupled receptors that, in turn ... hormone (MCH), that are produced mainly in the pituitary, pineal gland, and hypothalamus, respectively. These hormones may also ... Valverde, P; Healy, E; Jackson, I; Rees, JL; Thody, AJ (1995). "Variants of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor gene ...

Dopamine acts on pituitary lactotroph D2 receptors to inhibit prolactin secretion while other peptides and hormones, such as ... Prolactin secretion is regulated by both stimulatory and inhibitory mechanisms. ... and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland and results in diminished gonadal sex hormone production (termed ... Prolactin (PRL) is a peptide hormone produced by lactotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland. PRL is involved in lactation ...

... which causes the nearby anterior pituitary to release follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Before ... The estrogen inhibits further production of FSH and LH by the pituitary gland. This negative feedback regulates levels of FSH ... All but one of these follicles will stop growing, while one dominant follicle - the one that has the most FSH receptors - will ... During the luteal phase, the pituitary hormones FSH and LH cause the remaining parts of the dominant follicle to transform into ...

Secretion of growth hormone (GH) in the pituitary is regulated by the neurosecretory nuclei of the hypothalamus. These cells ... Peptide hormones GHRH (somatocrinin) through binding to the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRHR) Ghrelin through ... Genes for human growth hormone, known as growth hormone 1 (somatotropin; pituitary growth hormone) and growth hormone 2 ( ... Anterior pituitary hormones, Anti-aging substances, Galactagogues, Growth hormones, Hormones of the somatotropic axis, Peptide ...

... from the anterior pituitary-body. These hormones are responsible for the synthesis of steroid sex hormones (testosterone in men ... GnRH agonists are a group of drugs intended to activate GnRH receptors in the anterior pituitary gland. They are synthesized by ... Drugs down-regulating libido are generally either intended for libido suppression via direct down-regulating mechanisms or ... The melanocortin receptor agonist proposes to activate multiple receptor subtypes nonselectively, with the highest affinity ...

... many hormones, and both the central and autonomic nervous systems. The circulating gut hormones that regulate many pathways in ... the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and a large number of other mechanisms. Opioid receptor-related processes in the ... and CB1 receptors respectively. The hypothalamus senses external stimuli mainly through a number of hormones such as leptin, ... a hormone produced by the adipose tissue that appeared to provide negative feedback. Leptin is a peptide hormone that affects ...

... stimulating adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) release via CRH type 1 receptors, thereby activating the hypothalamic-pituitary- ... is a releasing hormone found mainly in the paraventricular nucleus of the mammalian hypothalamus that regulates the release of ... Urocortin acts in vitro to stimulate the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone. Urotensin is found in the teleost caudal ... This family includes corticotropin-releasing hormone (also known as CRF), urotensin-I, urocortin, and sauvagine. The family can ...

It is the receptor of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). The GnRHR is expressed on the surface of pituitary gonadotrope ... GnRHRs are further regulated by the presence of sex hormones as well as activin and inhibin. Azagly-nafarelin Buserelin ... The gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR), also known as the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone receptor (LHRHR), ... This receptor is a 60 kDa G protein-coupled receptor and resides primarily in the pituitary and is responsible for eliciting ...

It allows T3 to bind to the thyroid hormone receptor (TR), which then binds to thyroid hormone response elements (TREs) in the ... while α-MSH secreted from the intermediate lobe of the pituitary regulates the movement of melanin produced from melanocytes in ... ACTH is a peptide hormone that regulates the secretion of mainly glucocorticoids from the cells of the zona fasciculata of the ... Its regulation depends on the pathway of thyroid hormones that is regulated directly by the photoperiod. An example are the ...

... and luteinizing hormone (LH). Release of FSH and LH by gonadotropes is regulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from ... "Rescue of Obesity-Induced Infertility in Female Mice due to a Pituitary-Specific Knockout of the Insulin Receptor (IR)". Cell ... This may lead to infertility as hormone release levels are disrupted. Gonadotropes are feedback inhibited by specific hormones ... inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone-induced Ca2+ in gonadotropes to regulate negative feedback on luteinizing hormone ...

Its secretion is regulated by the hormone ACTH from the anterior pituitary.[citation needed] They are produced mainly in the ... Ye P, Mariniello B, Mantero F, Shibata H, Rainey WE (October 2007). "G-protein-coupled receptors in aldosterone-producing ... The major hormone that stimulates cortisol secretion in humans is the ACTH that is released from the anterior pituitary. It has ... The adrenal cortex comprises three main zones, or layers that are regulated by distinct hormones as noted below. This anatomic ...

"Kisspeptin excites gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons through a phospholipase C/calcium-dependent pathway regulating ... Richard N, Corvaisier S, Camacho E, Kottler ML (January 2009). "KiSS-1 and GPR54 at the pituitary level: overview and recent ... The KiSS1-derived peptide receptor (also known as GPR54 or the Kisspeptin receptor) is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds ... The KISS1 gene encodes the G protein-coupled receptor 54 (known as KISS1R or GPR54) and plays a crucial role in regulating ...

The neuroendocrine hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is a system of hormones that culminates in the release of cortisol from ... the adrenal glands in response to acute stress and is also seen to regulate sleep patterns. The reduction in GABA receptors in ... Sleep is regulated by an internal process known as the circadian rhythm. This 24-hour cycle regulates periods of alertness and ... Cortisol, the stress hormone that is responsible for the fight-or-flight response, increases during times of stress and can ...

However, since dopamine agonists only negatively regulate prolactin production from the pituitary gland, a few studies have ... Prolactin Growth hormone Human placental lactogen Placental growth hormone S179D-hPRL Prolactin receptor antagonists such as ... It is the receptor for prolactin (PRL). The PRLR can also bind to and be activated by growth hormone (GH) and human placental ... The prolactin receptor (PRLR) is a membrane-bound protein of the cytokine receptor superfamily. In humans, it is encoded by a ...

By having the same hormones regulate both reproduction and aging, an animal is able to modulate its fertility and its rate of ... The theory argues that these cellular changes are directed by reproductive hormones of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis ... HPG axis). Receptors for reproductive hormones (such as estrogens, progestogens, androgens and gonadotropins) have been found ... However, only biological hormones appear to have these effects. The use of non-human or synthetic hormones has been shown to ...

"Antidepressant and other centrally acting drugs regulate glucocorticoid receptor messenger RNA levels in rat brain". ... Similarly, variations in individual hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responsiveness can modulate the type and number ... lithium corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) antagonists glutamate antagonists dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) small molecule ... anti-glucocorticoids psychoactive drugs that up-regulate the GRII glucocorticoid receptor: tricyclic antidepressants: ...

FSH uses very specific G-coupled receptors that can be found only on Sertoli cells, this hormone is secreted by the pituitary ... This hormone is the main androgenic steroid in the process of spermatogenesis and is regulated by a hormone known as ... do not express a functional androgen receptor, which are activated by the binding of androgenic hormones. It has been found ... However, testosterone has been found to be the most important hormone that is responsible for both the initiation and the ...

These hormone receptors sense a variety of metabolic ligands including lipophilic hormones, dietary fatty acids and their ... are all neuropharmaceuticals that target neurotransmitter receptors that are involved with brain circuits that regulate ... The HPA axis (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal) is involved in controlling appetite and energy homeostasis circuits which are ... the PPAR receptors must heterodimerize with another receptor known as the 9-cis retinoic acid receptor (RXR). The RXR receptor ...

... which thus prevents the secretion of prolactin from the anterior pituitary. In the absence of prolactin, an essential hormone ... 1b Receptor Genes, but Not the Avp 1a Receptor Gene, Differentially Impairs the Bruce Effect in Laboratory Mice (Mus musculus ... Androgens and estrogens, particularly estradiol (E2), are also crucial chemosignals regulating the Bruce effect. However, they ... The hormone oxytocin is also important in this social memory process. Females treated with an oxytocin antagonist are unable to ...

At the pituitary, GnRH stimulates the synthesis and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH ... Kakar SS, Jennes L (November 1995). "Expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor ... These examples suggest that GnRH is a socially regulated hormone.[citation needed] Multiple neuronal regions in the limbic ... Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LRH, LHRH) Follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (FSH/LH ...

This process is regulated by various hormones and factors, including the growth hormone, vitamin D, and others. These hormones ... pituitary and circulating factors. It affects growth by binding to receptors in the EGP, and inducing production and release of ... Linear growth is a complex process regulated by the growth hormone (GH) - insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis, the ... IGF-1 initiates growth through differentiation and maturation of osteoblasts, and regulates release of GH from the pituitary ...

These receptors are activated by the peptide hormone α-MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone) and antagonized by the agouti- ... Bäckberg M, Madjid N, Ogren SO, Meister B (June 2004). "Down-regulated expression of agouti-related protein (AGRP) mRNA in the ... It has been found that AgRP stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis to release ACTH, cortisol and prolactin. ... The appetite-stimulating effects of AgRP are inhibited by the hormone leptin and activated by the hormone ghrelin. Adipocytes ...

All members of the relaxin family peptide hormones bind to their cognate receptors via residues present in their α- and β- ... RLN3 has also been found to stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and hence affects levels of luteinizing ... and may regulate metabolism and energy balance. RLN3 is thought to function in neuroendocrine regulation, and is predominantly ... Peptide hormones, Hormones of the ovary, Hormones of the placenta, Hormones of the pregnant female, Human female endocrine ...

... but has a strong synergistic effect on ACTH production when CRH is also bound to the receptor. These signaling hormones act via ... Tanase CP, Ogrezeanu I, Badiu C (2012), "Pituitary Tumor Classification", Molecular Pathology of Pituitary Adenomas, Elsevier, ... rhythms Forskolin and PACAP regulate the synthesis of CRH in the hypothalamus by binding to G protein-coupled receptors and ... Corticotropes produce and release ACTH, a 39 amino acid peptide hormone, in response to corticotropic releasing hormone (CRH) ...