These bags have provision on one side that allows attachment of a plastic tube in which pollen can be collected after shaking ... Highly effective barrier to pollen grains with pores smaller than the size of pollen. Allow sunlight penetration for ... Bags for female flowers sometimes have nozzles for introducing the pollen without any need for them to open. Plant breeders ... Modifications in bags have been made that allow pollen collection without opening the bag in order minimise contamination. ...

... that the pollen expression of pectate lyase genes might relate to a requirement for pectin degradation during pollen tube ... Wing RA, Yamaguchi J, Larabell SK, Ursin VM, McCormick S (1990). "Molecular and genetic characterization of two pollen- ... Allergies are hypersensitivity reactions of the immune system to specific substances called allergens (such as pollen, ... The protein is maximally expressed late in pollen development. It has been suggested ...

There is no active pollen tube inhibition within the style, but some event or process after the pollen tube reaches the ovary ... For an unknown reason, pollen fertility is also comparatively reduced. ...

As the pollen grain germinates, the tube cell produces the pollen tube, which elongates and extends down the long style of the ... The tip of the pollen tube then enters the ovary and penetrates through the micropyle opening in the ovule. The pollen tube ... The pollen grain then takes in moisture and begins to germinate, forming a pollen tube that extends down toward the ovary ... Pollen germination, pollen tube entry, and double fertilization processes have all been observed to proceed normally. In fact, ...

The contact with the nucellus may (Larix) or may not (Pseudotsuga) be needed for pollen tubes to develop, but the mechanism is ... The similarities between the pollen grains of the genera Larix and Pseudotsuga however do not stop here and include other ... immunology of seed protein and the absence of the two air sacs in the pollen, typicals instead of the other Pinaceae. ...

Because T. pratense is a flower species with a long corolla tube depth, B. hortorum can easily reach the nectar and pollen ... Thus, when feeding, pollen is deposited on their head and thorax rather than on their legs and the underside of their abdomen ... The majority of the pollen they collect comes from the flowers of plants of the Fabaceae family. Bombus hortorum are especially ... It is distinguished from most other bumblebees by its long tongue used for feeding on pollen in deep-flowered plants. ...

... during pollen development or in pollen tube formation. During pollen development, paternal plastids are halted by ... Paternal plastome contribution can also be prevented during pollen tube formation, where the plastids are separated from sperm ... are used to form the pollen coat of developing grains. Following the maturation of pollen grains, these organelles are degraded ...

... and are delivered to the egg cells by means of pollen tubes. In the red alga Polysiphonia, non-motile eggs are fertilized by ... In these groups, the male gametes are non-motile cells within pollen grains, ...

... also found that the response involves rapid inhibition of pollen-tube growth, followed by PCD. The social slime mold ... interact with pollen and trigger PCD in incompatible (i.e., self) pollen. The researchers, Steven G. Thomas and Vernonica E. ... Research on the corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas) has revealed that proteins in the pistil on which the pollen lands, ... Thomas SG, Franklin-Tong VE (2004). "Self-incompatibility triggers programmed cell death in Papaver pollen". Nature. 429 (6989 ...

The bone-colored style grows through the anther tube, collecting the pollen on hairs, and displaying it above the anter tube ... The pollen of Hecastocleis is yellow, unadorned and tricolpate. Like Hecastocleis, some other Asteraceae also have flower heads ... The five pinkish purple anthers are fused into a long tube, that initially covers the entire style. ...

It additionally consumes pollen and insects. The tube-lipped nectar bat was first described in 2005. The species name fistulata ... Despite its exceptionally long tongue, the tube-lipped nectar bat has a varied diet that includes nectar, pollen, and insects. ... The tube-lipped nectar bat (Anoura fistulata) is a bat from Ecuador. It was described in 2005. It has a remarkably long tongue ... The exact function of the tube-lip is unknown. The bat has the longest tongue (8.5 cm) relative to its body size of any mammal ...

The micropyle, a small pore or opening in the apex of the integument of the ovule where the pollen tube usually enters during ... Seeds are the product of the ripened ovule, after the embryo sac is fertilized by sperm from pollen, forming a zygote. The ... Two sperm cells transferred from the pollen do not develop the seed by double fertilization, but one sperm nucleus unites with ... which is derived from the mother plant and the pollen via double fertilization. It is usually triploid, and is rich in oil or ...

The only thing even distantly similar is Lacandonia where the pollen tube travels down the stamen, across the base and up the ... Some species have six fertile stamens, and in others the outer stamens are staminodes which do not produce pollen. The fruit is ... In the process, they left pollen on the tips of the tepals, where it absorbed fluid, germinated, and fertilized ovules. This ... raising the question of how pollinators might reach the stigma inside to deposit pollen. In a study of the interaction between ...

... aiding the penetration of the pollen tube to the plant's ovary. β-expansins have been studied in grass pollen due to the fact ... that β-expansins are difficult to extract in active form from plants outside the pollen group. Expansins have even been as ...

She collaborated with Spencer Wharton Brown to discover that pollen tubes in Lilium are attracted to a "preferred zone" of ... I. Effects of X Rays on the Heritable Component and Functional Ability of the Pollen Grain (1954) The Detection and Nature of ... I. Effects of X Rays on the Heritable Component and Functional Ability of the Pollen Grain". American Journal of Botany. 41 (6 ... Cytological Abnormalities in Ovules After Pollen Irradiation". American Journal of Botany. 41 (6): 469-483. doi:10.1002/j.1537- ...

Research on Eichhornia paniculate, found difference in pollen tube growth between intra- and inter-morph pollen, indicating ... In trimorphic incompatibility system, full seed set is accomplished only with pollination of stigmas by pollen from anthers of ... This type of floral mechanism is thought to encourage outcross pollen transfer and is usually associated with heteromorphic ... The adaption for structural variation in heterostylous species likely developed out of the need for efficient pollen transfer ...

While their tube shape makes it harder for pollinators to reach the pollen, it does deter insects who eat the nectar of the ... For honeybees who pollinate this species, they will dive into the tube to reach the pollen, making their actions less effective ...

The anther of a tomato flower is shaped like a hollow tube, with the pollen produced within the structure, rather than on the ... The pollen moves through pores in the anther, but very little pollen is shed without some kind of externally-induced motion. ... The ideal vibratory frequencies to release pollen grains are provided by an insect, such as a bumblebee, or the original wild ... Meiosis is central to the processes by which diploid microspore mother cells within the anther give rise to haploid pollen ...

Similar barriers exist in plants, with differences in flowering times, pollen vectors, inhibition of pollen tube growth, ... inhibition of pollen tube growth, somatoplastic sterility, cytoplasmic-genic male sterility and structural differences of the ... if grown and bred in a small monoculture free of external pollen (e.g., an air-filtered greenhouse) produces offspring that are ...

The pollen grain never leaves the anther, but sends the pollen tube backwards through the length of the stamen, across the ... Márquez-Guzmán, J., Vázquez-Santana, S., Engleman, E. M., Martínez-Mena, A., and Martínez, E. (1993). Pollen development and ...

When pollen tubes reach the ovule, they are no longer available to be fertilized by outcrossed pollen, meaning LSI still uses ... in flowering plants where pollen tubes from self-pollen successfully reach the ovary, but ovules fail to develop. Mechanisms ... Another explanation for LSI is that it is the occurrence of gametophytic self-incompatibility, but self-pollen tubes are slowed ... Early inbreeding depression and pollen competition in Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull. Academic Press Ltd. OCLC 1130563004.{{cite ...

... with some but not all species inhibiting the growth of pollen tubes for pollen from its own flowers. A more likely form of self ... Firstly, the morphology of the Banksia flower makes it virtually inevitable that the stigma will be exposed to its own pollen, ... Observations of foraging patterns in pollinators have shown that transfer of pollen between different flowers in the same ... Studies have shown self-compatibility of pollen to vary between Banksia species, ...

Nalrix is the name of a water snake, given to a plant whose pollen tube discharges ciliated antherozoids which swim ( just like ... Calyx lobes much longer than tube. Corolla 15 mm, twice as long as calyx, yellow. Standard with red brown striations. April- ...

... relating to the pollen tube, the seeds, the thickness of the integument, and other aspects of the morphology. Until 1999, these ... WALKER, J. W.; BRENNER, G. J.; WALKER, A. G. (1983-06-17). "Winteraceous Pollen in the Lower Cretaceous of Israel: Early ...

... whereas conifers and gnetophytes have sperm with no flagella that are moved along a pollen tube to the egg. After syngamy ( ... During pollination, pollen grains are physically transferred between plants from the pollen cone to the ovule. Pollen is ... The pollen grains mature further inside the ovule and produce sperm cells. Two main modes of fertilization are found in ... Pollen grains (microgametophytes) mature from microspores, and ultimately produce sperm cells. Megagametophytes develop from ...

... growth of the pollen tube and seed production. The cooling hypothesis, appropriate to flowers in hot climates, assumes that the ... If solar tracking is exact, the sun's rays would always enter the corolla tube and warm the gynoecium, a process which could be ... assumes that effective absorption of solar energy and the consequent rise in temperature has a favourable effect on pollen ...

... cleft palate Part of the ovary of a flower that chemically guides the pollen tube to the micropyle Obturator ring, a part in ... Obturator hernia Obturator sign Part of a trocar device A device used as a guide during tracheostomy tube insertion Palatal ...

... pollen-tube growth, and S-RNase concentration in the self-incompatible Japanese pear" Scientia Horticulturae, 95 (4), 309-318 ( ...

... anther height in the corolla tube, pollen size, and papilla size on the stigma. Each of these effects is controlled by a ... Pin and thrum morphs of Primula have effects on genetic compatibility (pin style x thrum pollen, or thrum style x pin pollen ... matings are successful, while pin x pin, and thrum x thrum matings are rarely successful due to pollen-style incompatibility), ...

... produced by the fusion of the male gamete of the pollen tube with the female gamete formed by the megagametophyte within the ... Microspores: meiospores that give rise to a male gametophyte, (pollen in seed plants). Megaspores (or macrospores): meiospores ... the seeds and pollen grains. The term spore derives from the ancient Greek word σπορά spora, meaning "seed, sowing", related to ... "Glossary of pollen and spore terminology". Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology. 143 (1): 1-81. Bibcode:2007RPaPa.143....1P. ...