... undergo esterification. Phenol esters are active esters, being prone to hydrolysis. Phenols are reactive species toward ... Phenolic compounds are classified as simple phenols or polyphenols based on the number of phenol units in the molecule. Phenols ... Phenols are more acidic than typical alcohols. The acidity of the hydroxyl group in phenols is commonly intermediate between ... Many phenols of commercial interest are prepared by elaboration of phenol or cresols. They are typically produced by the ...
Unfiltered olive oil has the higher levels of phenols, or polar phenols that form a complex phenol-protein complex. Phenolic ... Natural sources of phenols on www.britannica.com Phenol-Explorer (phenol-explorer.eu), a database dedicated to phenolics found ... Some phenols are sold as dietary supplements. Phenols have been investigated as drugs. For instance, Crofelemer (USAN trade ... Phenol extraction is a processing technology used to prepare phenols as raw materials, compounds or additives for industrial ...
Phenol radical reacts directly with another equivalent of phenol, followed by hydrogen atom abstraction and tautomerization. ... Though a mechanistic possibility when phenols oxidized, methodologies for selective C-O coupling of phenols are limited and ... Two-electron oxidation of phenol followed by reaction with another equivalent of phenol and tautomerization affords the product ... Oxidative phenol couplings often suffer from over-oxidation as a potential side product. This is a common occurrence if the ...
... spray, usually at 1.4% phenol as an active ingredient, is used medically to treat sore throat. It is the active ... Aqueous solutions of phenol are weakly acidic and turn blue litmus slightly to red. Phenol is neutralized by sodium hydroxide ... Look up phenol in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Wikiquote has quotations related to Phenol. Wikisource has the text of the ... "How can phenol affect my health?" (PDF). Toxicological Profile for Phenol: 24. Hanscha, Corwin; McKarns, Susan C; Smith, Carr J ...
... is a former Haitian international football player. He is best known for scoring a hat-trick in the 1957 CCCF ... in French) "Charles, Phenol". Soccer DB. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 11 April 2013. "This Week ...
... may refer to: SULT1A1, a human gene encoding a sulfotransferase SULT1A2, a human gene encoding a ...
... s can be synthesized through an acid-catalyzed condensation of phenols and an alcohol. Phenols include phenol ... Due to the increased hydrophobicity of phenol ethers compared to traditional phenols, phenol ethers are often present in the ... Phenol ethers follow the same nomenclature of regular ethers; ethers have the structure R-O-R', but phenol ethers require that ... In chemistry, a phenol ether (or aromatic ether) is an organic compound derived from phenol (C6H5OH), where the hydroxyl (-OH) ...
... is a comprehensive database on natural phenols and polyphenols including food composition, food processing, and ... PMID 20428313 Phenol-Explorer v t e (Articles with topics of unclear notability from May 2018, All articles with topics of ... "Phenol-Explorer: an online comprehensive database on polyphenol contents in foods", Database, 2010: bap024, doi:10.1093/ ... Natural phenols, Food databases, Biological databases, All stub articles, Biological database stubs). ...
... is a laboratory technique that purifies nucleic acid samples using a phenol solution. Phenol is common ... Chloroform and phenol are miscible and create a denser solution than phenol alone, aiding the separation of the organic and ... Phenol is often used in combination with chloroform. Adding an equal volume of chloroform and phenol ensures a distinct ... "Phenol". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 9 Jul 2022. Oswald, Nick (18 Oct 2021) [12 Feb 2008]. "The Basics: How Phenol Extraction of ...
Guardex Solution 2 - Phenol Red Material Safety Data Sheet Effect of Bromine on Phenol Red in pH Tests Video of phenol red ... Phenol red (also known as phenolsulfonphthalein or PSP) is a pH indicator frequently used in cell biology laboratories. Phenol ... Phenol red solution is administered intravenously; the urine produced is collected. By measuring the amount of phenol red ... many types of tissue culture media are also available without phenol red. Phenol red is a weak estrogen mimic, and in cell ...
To calculate phenol coefficient, the concentration of phenol at which the compound kills the test organism in 10 minutes, but ... The Phenol coefficient, is now largely of historical interest, although the principles upon which it is based are still used. ... It is a measure of the bactericidal activity of a chemical compound in relation to phenol. When listed numerically, the figure ... The Chick-Martin test was then widely used until replaced by more suitable tests not reliant on phenol and reflecting the ...
... may refer to: UGT1A3, a human gene UGT1A4, a human gene UGT1A5, a human gene UGT1A6, a human ...
... is a stain used in clinical microbiology and histology to identify tuberculosis mycobacteria. There are ... Smears are prepared just like that for ZN staining Stain with Auramine-Phenol for 20 mins Rinse with water Decolourise in acid ... two types of auramine phenol stains, 1 and 2 to stain mycobacterium species and cryptosporidium respectively. Both are ...
The enzyme tyrosine phenol-lyase (EC 4.1.99.2) catalyzes the chemical reaction L-tyrosine + H2O ⇌ {\displaystyle \ ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-tyrosine phenol-lyase (deaminating; pyruvate-forming). Other names in common use ... Kumagai H, Yamada H, Matsui H, Ohkishi H, Ogata K (1970). "Tyrosine phenol lyase. II. Cofactor requirements". J. Biol. Chem. ... Kumagai H, Yamada H, Matsui H, Ohkishi H, Ogata K (1970). "Tyrosine phenol lyase. I. Purification, crystallization, and ...
Polychloro phenoxy phenols (polychlorinated phenoxy phenols, PCPPs) are a group of organic polyhalogenated compounds. Among ... doi:10.1016/0045-6535(90)90067-4. v t e (Chloroarenes, Incineration, Phenols, Ethers, All stub articles, Organohalide stubs). ...
... is a compound used as a disinfectant. It is the sodium salt of 2-phenylphenol. As a food additive, it ... Phenols, Organic sodium salts, All stub articles, Aromatic compound stubs). ...
... s have been implicated in assisting with colony spreading. PSMα 1-4 have been shown to help S. aureus ... Phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs) are a family of small proteins, that carry out a variety of functions, including acting as ... doi:10.1111/1574-6976.12057 Li S, Huang H, Rao X, Chen W, Wang Z, Hu X. Phenol-soluble modulins: novel virulence-associated ... PSMs were first discovered in S. epidermidis by Seymour Klebanoff and via hot-phenol extraction and were described as a pro- ...
Because the phenol:chloroform mixture is immiscible with water, the centrifuge will cause two distinct phases to form: an upper ... Phenol-chloroform extraction is a liquid-liquid extraction technique in molecular biology used to separate nucleic acids from ... This difference in density is why phenol, which only has a slightly higher density than water, must be mixed with chloroform to ... The aqueous phase rises to the top because it is less dense than the organic phase containing the phenol:chloroform. ...
Apart from acid catalysis, the dienone-phenol rearrangement is also possible in presence of base. The dienone-phenol ... The dienone-phenol rearrangement is a reaction in organic chemistry first reported in 1921 by Karl von Auwers and Karl Ziegler ... "Dienone-Phenol Rearrangement of 2-Phenyl-o-quinolacetate". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 71 (5): 1781. May 1, 1949. doi:10.1021/jo01090a603 ... Arnold, Richard T.; Buckley, Jay S.; Dodson, R. M. (1950). "The Dienone-Phenol Rearrangement. III. Rearrangement of 1-Keto-4,4- ...
In enzymology, a phenol 2-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.13.7) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction phenol + NADPH + H+ + ... Neujahr HY, Gaal A (1975). "Phenol hydroxylase from yeast. Sulfhydryl groups in phenol hydroxylase from Trichosporon cutaneum ... Other names in common use include phenol hydroxylase, and phenol o-hydroxylase. This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic ... Neujahr HY, Gaal A (1973). "Phenol hydroxylase from yeast. Purification and properties of the enzyme from Trichosporon cutaneum ...
... are phenol-formaldehyde resins with a formaldehyde to phenol molar ratio of less than one. In place of phenol itself, they are ... Base-catalysed phenol-formaldehyde resins are made with a formaldehyde to phenol ratio of greater than one (usually around 1.5 ... Phenol formaldehyde resins (PF) (phenolic resins or phenoplasts) are synthetic polymers obtained by the reaction of phenol or ... When the molar ratio of formaldehyde:phenol reaches one, in theory every phenol is linked together via methylene bridges, ...
In enzymology, a phenol O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.25) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction S-adenosyl-L- ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:phenol O-methyltransferase. This enzyme is also called PMT ... Portal: Biology v t e (EC 2.1.1, Enzymes of unknown structure, O-methylated natural phenols metabolism, All stub articles, EC ... Axelrod J, Daly J (1968). "Phenol-O-methyltransferase". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 159 (3): 472-8. doi:10.1016/0005-2744(68)90131- ...
In enzymology, a phenol beta-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.35) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction UDP-glucose + ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:phenol beta-D-glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include ... a phenol ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } UDP + an aryl beta-D-glucoside Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP- ... glucose and phenol, whereas its two products are UDP and aryl beta-D-glucoside. This enzyme belongs to the family of ...
... of phenol per day. Edison's excess phenol seemed destined for American trinitrophenol production, which would be used to ... The Great Phenol Plot was a clandestine effort by the German Government during the early years of World War I to divert ... This allowed the phenol transfers to continue for a short while longer. By the time the plan was discontinued, it had succeeded ... Much of the phenol would go to the German-owned Chemische Fabrik von Heyden's American subsidiary; Heyden was the supplier of ...
A polyphenol antioxidant is a hypothetized type of antioxidant, in which each instance would contain a polyphenolic substructure; such instances which have been studied in vitro. Numbering over 4,000 distinct chemical structures (mostly from plants), such polyphenols may[vague] have antioxidant activity {{{1}}} in vitro[vague] (although they are unlikely to be antioxidants in vivo). Hypothetically, they may affect cell-to-cell signaling, receptor sensitivity, inflammatory enzyme activity or gene regulation, although high-quality clinical research has not confirmed any of these possible effects in humans as of 2020[update]. The main source of polyphenols is dietary, since they are found in a wide array of phytochemical-bearing foods. For example, honey; most legumes; fruits such as apples, blackberries, blueberries, cantaloupe, pomegranate, cherries, cranberries, grapes, pears, plums, raspberries, aronia berries, and strawberries (berries in general have high polyphenol content) and vegetables ...
In enzymology, a 3-(hydroxyamino)phenol mutase (EC 5.4.4.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 3- ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-(hydroxyamino)phenol hydroxymutase. Other names in common use include 3- ...
... is an organic compound consisting of a n-nonyl group attached to the 4-position of phenol. The related ...
... , in short PST deficiency, is the lack or the reduced activity of the functional enzyme ... Phenol sulfur transferase, in short PST or SULT1, is a subfamily of the enzyme cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs) consisting ... Dooley TP, Obermoeller RD, Leiter EH, Chapman HD, Falany CN, Deng Z, Siciliano MJ (November 1993). "Mapping of the phenol ... Duffel MW, Marshal AD, McPhie P, Sharma V, Jakoby WB (2001). "Enzymatic aspects of the phenol (aryl) sulfotransferases". Drug ...
"Phenol", Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 15th Edition. ISBN 978-0471768654 (Articles needing cleanup from February 2015 ...
... (abbreviated AGPC) is a liquid-liquid extraction technique in ...