OX40L is the ligand for OX40 (also known as CD134 or TNFRSF4) and is stably expressed on many antigen-presenting cells such as ... Stüber E, Neurath M, Calderhead D, Fell HP, Strober W (May 1995). "Cross-linking of OX40 ligand, a member of the TNF/NGF ... February 2008). "Expression of OX40 ligand in microglia activated by IFN-gamma sustains a protective CD4+ T-cell response in ... April 2004). "Detection and characterization of OX40 ligand expression in human airway smooth muscle cells: a possible role in ...

May 2006). "De novo proteomic sequencing of a monoclonal antibody raised against OX40 ligand". Analytical Biochemistry. 352 (1 ... Kabir S (2002). "Immunoglobulin purification by affinity chromatography using protein A mimetic ligands prepared by ... Magnetic immunoassay Microantibody Monoclonal antibody Neutralizing antibody Optimer Ligand Secondary antibodies Single-domain ...

Liu YJ (August 2007). "Thymic stromal lymphopoietin and OX40 ligand pathway in the initiation of dendritic cell-mediated ... Watanabe N, Hanabuchi S, Marloie-Provost MA, Antonenko S, Liu YJ, Soumelis V (June 2005). "Human TSLP promotes CD40 ligand- ...

HS-130 is an allogeneic ("off-the-shelf") cell line engineered to express OX40 ligand fusion protein (OX40L-Fc). OX40 ligand is ...

CD134 is predominantly found on activated T cells and binds to OX40 ligand, causing T-cell stimulation, proliferation, ...

It also includes candidates that use OX40 ligand, interleukin 23, IL36G, and interleukin 12 for cancer immunotherapy, ...

"T cell proliferation by direct cross-talk between OX40 ligand on human mast cells and OX40 on human T cells: comparison of gene ... As of 2016, several TLR ligands were in clinical development or being tested in animal models as potential adjuvants. Aluminium ... Toussi DN, Massari P (Apr 2014). "Immune Adjuvant Effect of Molecularly-defined Toll-Like Receptor Ligands". Vaccines. 2 (2): ... The binding of ligands - either in the form of adjuvant used in vaccinations or in the form of invasive moieties during times ...

OX40: This molecule, also called CD134, has OX40L, or CD252, as its ligand. Like CD27, OX40 promotes the expansion of effector ... The pharma company AstraZeneca has three drugs in development targeting OX40: MEDI0562 is a humanised OX40 agonist; MEDI6469, ... Its ligand is ICOSL, expressed mainly on B cells and dendritic cells. The molecule seems to be important in T cell effector ... The ligand for GITR is mainly expressed on antigen presenting cells. Antibodies to GITR have been shown to promote an anti- ...

OX40 is a secondary co-stimulatory immune checkpoint molecule, expressed after 24 to 72 hours following activation; its ligand ... OX40-immunoglobulin (OX40-Ig), prevents OX40 from reaching the T-cell receptors, thus reducing the T-cell response. Experiments ... OX40 also plays a crucial role in both Th1 and Th2 mediated reactions in vivo. OX40 binds TRAF2, 3 and 5 as well as PI3K by an ... Expression of OX40 is dependent on full activation of the T cell; without CD28, expression of OX40 is delayed and of fourfold ...

TNFRSF4 or OX40), and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). The main physiological role of TH9 cells, while poorly defined, is ... programmed cell death ligand (PD-L2), cyclooxy- genase (COX)-2, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP ... "OX40 signaling favors the induction of TH9 cells and airway inflammation". Nature Immunology. 13 (10): 981-990. doi:10.1038/ni. ... "Programmed cell death ligand 2 regulates TH9 differentiation and induction of chronic airway hyperreactivity". The Journal of ...

Upon activation, Tr1 cells migrate preferentially in response to I-309, a ligand for CCR8. The suppressing and tolerance- ... OX40 (CD134), and tumor-necrosis factor receptor (TNFRSF9). Resting human Tr1 cells express Th1 associated chemokine receptors ...

GITR interacts with its ligand (GITRL) that is expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APC) and endothelial cells. Human ... OX40 or CD27. GITR is constitutively expressed on CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells and its expression is upregulated on all T cell ... 2006). "Glucocorticoid-induced tumour necrosis factor receptor (GITR) and its ligand (GITRL) in atopic dermatitis". Acta Derm. ... 2007). "Cancer immunoediting by GITR (glucocorticoid-induced TNF-related protein) ligand in humans: NK cell/tumor cell ...

Fas ligand defects), type 2a (CASP10 defects), type 2b (CASP8 defects) (b) APECED (autoimmune polyendocrinopathy with ... MST1 deficiency TCRα deficiency LCK deficiency IL-21 deficiency IL-21R deficiency UNC119 deficiency NIK deficiency OX40 ... deficiency reticular dysgenesis Omenn syndrome CD40 ligand deficiency CD40 deficiency CD3γ deficiency CD8 deficiency ICOS ...

It binds to ligand CD70, and plays a key role in regulating B-cell activation and immunoglobulin synthesis. When CD27 binds ... Buchan SL, Rogel A, Al-Shamkhani A (January 2018). "The immunobiology of CD27 and OX40 and their potential as targets for ... Sturgill ER (November 2017). "TNFR agonists: a review of current biologics targeting OX40, 4-1BB, CD27, and GITR". American ...

The CD137/ligand complex is also involved in regulation of the immune system. The CD137 ligand is a type-II transmembrane ... Arch RH, Thompson CB (January 1998). "4-1BB and Ox40 are members of a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-nerve growth factor receptor ... CD137/ligand stimulation has been found to lead to stronger anti-tumor responses due to cytotoxic T cell activation and is ... The CD137 ligand is normally expressed at low levels, but can have increased expression in presence of pathogen associated ...

OX40 agonist and GITR agonists are currently being investigated. Therapy targeting TCR signaling is also possible by blocking ... to its ligand CCL22, which is secreted by many types of tumor cells. Treg cell expansion at the site of the tumor could also ... After interaction with self-peptide MHC complex, T cell has to upregulate IL-2R, CD25 and TNFR superfamily members GITR, OX40 ... OX40)". Journal of Immunology. 183 (4): 2827-36. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0803548. PMID 19635903. Poloni, Chad; Schonhofer, Cole; ...

This can include cytokines, such is IL-2, IL-5, IL-12 and co‐stimulatory ligands. Adding a synthetic control mechanism to ... Third generation CARs combine multiple co-stimulatory domains, such as CD28-41BB or CD28-OX40, to augment T cell activity. ... OX40), and CD137 (4‐1BB). The intracellular signaling domain used defines the generation of a CAR T cell. First generation CARs ... usually taking advantage of ligand/receptor pairs that normally bind to each other. Cytokines, innate immune receptors, TNF ...

Kawamata S, Hori T, Imura A, Takaori-Kondo A, Uchiyama T (Mar 1998). "Activation of OX40 signal transduction pathways leads to ... a new member of the EPLG gene family encoding ligands of EPH-related protein-tyrosine kinase receptors". Genomics. 41 (1): 17- ... Kawamata S, Hori T, Imura A, Takaori-Kondo A, Uchiyama T (Mar 1998). "Activation of OX40 signal transduction pathways leads to ...

... act to inhibit the association of the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) with its receptor, programmed ... OX40, PARP, CD27, and ICOS. Pembrolizumab (formerly MK-3475 or lambrolizumab, Keytruda) was developed by Merck and first ...

Particularly solid and hematologic tumor cells tend to overexpress NKG2D ligands, making them a sought target of CIK cell- ... CD28 outperforms combined CD28-OX40 "super-stimulation"". Molecular Therapy. 21 (12): 2268-77. doi:10.1038/mt.2013.192. PMC ...

Other receptors are expressed upon activation of the T cell, such as OX40 and ICOS, but these largely depend upon CD28 for ... Feinerman O, Germain RN, Altan-Bonnet G (2008). "Quantitative challenges in understanding ligand discrimination by alphabeta T ... they are independent of ligand binding to the pre-TCR. If the chains successfully pair a pre-TCR forms, and the cell ...