"The number needed to treat: a clinically useful measure of treatment effect". BMJ. 310 (6977): 452-4. doi:10.1136/bmj.310.6977. ...

The Number Needed to Treat (NNT) is often used to benchmark medicines. The drug with the lowest NNT is said to be more ... Cook, R. J.; Sackett, D. L. The number needed to treat: a clinically useful measure of treatment effect. BMJ British Medical ... Kassai, B.; Gueyffier, F.; Boissel, J. P.; Boutitie, F.; Cucherat, M. Absolute benefit, number needed to treat and gain in life ... Kristiansen, I. S.; Gyrd-Hansen, D. Cost-effectiveness analysis based on the number-needed-to-treat: common sense or non-sense ...

... citation needed] A number of medications have been used to treat vulvodynia. Evidence to support their use, however, is often ... citation needed] There are a number of possible treatments with none being uniformly effective. Treatments include: A number of ... While improvement has been noted in 60% to 90%, those who were treated without surgery improved in 40 to 80% of cases. The ... The exact cause is unknown but is believed to involve a number of factors, including genetics, immunology, and possibly diet. ...

This affects a number of young girls and is not considered unduly problematic. The condition can usually be treated using ... In more advanced disease, a (partial) vulvectomy may need to be performed in order to remove some or all of the vulva. Advanced ... The clitoral glans is seen to be populated by a large number of small nerves, a number that decreases as the tissue changes ... A number of smaller nerves split off from the pudendal nerve. The deep branch of the perineal nerve supplies the muscles of the ...

... citation needed] After the cloth is dry, the resist is removed by boiling or scraping the cloth. The areas treated with resist ... better source needed] This process is repeated as many times as the number of colours desired. The most traditional type of ... Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from August 2021, Webarchive template wayback links, Articles with short ... better source needed][better source needed] Firstly, a cloth is washed, soaked, and beaten with a large mallet. Patterns are ...

If a large section needed to be added, it could just be assigned the next available major line number and inserted to the jump ... In addition, all variables are treated as global variables. Clearly defined loops beyond the FOR...NEXT construct are hard to ... The line number is counted in the number of characters in the program line, so a five digit line number will result in four ... Line numbers can range from 0 to 65520 and take five bytes to store regardless of how many digits are in the line number, ...

... can also be used to combine elements with reactance with elements with resistance but complex numbers are typically needed. ... This is treated below in the section on impedance. There are several important differences between reactance and resistance, ... Further, a circuit made entirely of elements that have only reactance (and no resistance) can be treated the same way as a ... In this case however one needs to remember to add a negative sign for the impedance of a capacitor, i.e. Z c = − j X c {\ ...

Newman TB, Kuzniewicz MW, Liljestrand P, Wi S, McCulloch C, Escobar GJ (May 2009). "Numbers needed to treat with phototherapy ... There is moderate evidence for the efficacy of blue and blue-red light therapies in treating mild acne, but most studies are of ... This led to the closure of a number of clinics offering light therapy in Sweden. A Cochrane review conducted in 2019 states the ... Treating skin conditions such as neurodermatitis, psoriasis, acne vulgaris, and eczema with ultraviolet light is called ...

The fruits are eaten by birds and its seeds need light to germinate. V. pinnata has a strong and durable wood, it is durable ... The leaves and bark are used to treat abdominal pain, fever and malaria. Least concern. V. pinnata can be propagated by seeds, ... One kilogram of Vitex pinnata seeds number around 1100-1200 seeds. Timber and its uses, Forest Department of Sri Lanka (1962).[ ... full citation needed] Keßler, P.J.A., 2000. A Manual to 300 selected species. Secondary forest trees of Kalimantan, Indonesia. ...

Number needed to treat Kelly H, Attia J, Andrews R, Heller RF (June 2004). "The number needed to vaccinate (NNV) and population ... It is a specific application of the number needed to treat metric (NNT). NNV is the inverse of the absolute risk reduction of ... Number needed to vaccinate (NNV) is a metric used in the evaluation of vaccines, and in the determination of vaccination policy ... Lewis EN, Griffin MR, Szilagyi PG, Zhu Y, Edwards KM, Poehling KA (September 2007). "Childhood influenza: number needed to ...

For patients who were already fractured, the number needed to treat was 21. In the same study mentioned above, Preotact ... Articles needing additional references from May 2021, All articles needing additional references, Hormones of calcium ... To prevent one or more new vertebral fractures, 48 women had to be treated for a median of 18 months for the total population. ... Following treatment with Preotact, patients can be treated with a bisphosphonate to further increase bone mineral density ...

... citation needed] It has been used traditionally to treat a number of ailments.[citation needed] It is sometimes called atufa. ... The opposite[citation needed] and broadly ovate to suborbicular leaves are very variable in size, with petioles of varying ... The fruit mature after some 13 to 14 months[citation needed] when they release ovate seeds covered with velvety hairs. ... citation needed] The larvae of the African monarch butterfly (Danaus chrysippus aegyptius) feed on this species. Odugbemi, Tolu ...

In many implementations of ALGOL 60 the ampersand denotes the tens exponent of a real number.[citation needed] In Common Lisp, ... In Fortran, the ampersand forces the compiler to treat two lines as one. This is accomplished by placing an ampersand at the ... citation needed] The ampersand was occasionally used as a prefix to denote a hexadecimal number, such as &FF for decimal 255, ... citation needed] BASIC-PLUS on the DEC PDP-11 uses the ampersand as a short form of the verb PRINT.[citation needed] Applesoft ...

Eggs have a thick shell, and the surface appears to be pitted except at the poles.[citation needed] The only means of obtaining ... The use of anti-helminth drugs has not yet been evaluated as the proper course of action to treat this infection.[citation ... A 2019 review listed a total of 37 known human cases of dioctophymiasis in 10 countries with the highest number (22) in China. ... Male D. renale worms have a bursa, which is used to attach to facilitate mating.[citation needed] Eggs are 60-80 micrometres x ...

... citation needed] It is diagnosed by examination of tissue, i.e. biopsy.[citation needed] Symptomatic individuals can be treated ... these findings are not specific and may be due to a number of other causes. Human intestinal spirochetosis is caused by ...

In 1869, he treated a girl of pneumonia after her grandfather, a medicine man, had failed. In appreciation, Arnold was given a ... More birds needing help were brought to him. While still operating his medical practice, he and his wife operated a bird ... For instance, a hundred robins as well as a number of other birds were brought to Arnold after a severe hail storm. Some of the ... He treated wounded birds, set broken bones, and administered medicine; when they were healed he released them. ...

The flooring may need protection sometimes. A gym floor cover can be used to reduce the need to satisfy incompatible ... Floors are also treated to protect or beautify the surface. The correct method to clean one type of floor can often damage ... Floor area Floor numbering Floor plan Self-cleaning floor Sensing floor Sidewalk Storey Vojta, Patrick J; Friedman, Warren; ... Articles needing additional references from February 2017, All articles needing additional references, Pages using multiple ...

... health professionals treating these people deem the number much higher).[citation needed] Th.A van Baarda. Military Ethics: The ... Articles needing additional references from January 2013, All articles needing additional references, All articles with ...

Suppressing the immune system with corticosteroids helps by decreasing the number of antibodies attacking the skin. Treating GP ... PUPPP is not an autoimmune disease.[citation needed] Diagnosing GP is done by biopsy using direct immunofluorescence, ... The most accepted way to treat GP is with the use of corticosteroids, i.e. prednisone; and/or topical steroids, i.e. clobetasol ... Usually after delivery, lesions will heal within months, but may reoccur during menstruation.[citation needed] Pathogenically, ...

Nitrogen is indeed needed to increase crop yields, but plants are inefficient at taking it up, and often more fertilizers are ... The discharge of treated sewage from urban areas (pop. c 12 million in 2009) combined with agricultural runoff deliver c. 1.7 ... Therefore, only a percentage of applied nitrogen ends up in the crops; and in some areas that number is less than 20%. Even ... The task force says a 30% reduction of nitrogen runoff is needed if the dead zone is to shrink. The recovery of benthic ...

Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from May 2015, Articles with short description, Short description is different ... Varicose veins and reticular veins are often treated before treating telangiectasia, although treatment of these larger veins ... Telangiectasias on the face are often treated with a laser. Laser therapy uses a light beam that is pulsed onto the veins in ... 2011[page needed] Schuller-Petrovic, S.; Pavlovic, M. D.; Schuller, S.; Schuller-Lukic, B.; Adamic, M. (2012). "Telangiectasias ...

Modest treated it similarly in his biography.[citation needed] Antonina believed she was the victim of a family conspiracy to ... She then recalled to Anatoly a number of her prior romantic relationships. After that she asked what Anatoly would like for ... Articles needing additional references from June 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles with multiple ... "One day, he told me he needed to go away on business for three days. I accompanied him to the mail train; his eyes were ...

If a cause is identified, treat the cause symptomatically or, if possible, systemically.[citation needed] Robson KM, Lembo AJ ... syndrome is an elongation of the styloid process causing irritation to nerves and muscles in the region resulting in a number ... Anterior displacement of the thyroid ala on the affected side while swallowing can help resolve symptoms.[citation needed] As ... an organic cause needs to be investigated, typically with endoscopy. Barium swallows are not recommended as a diagnostic tool ...

PFO is not treated in the absence of other symptoms.[citation needed] The mechanism by which a PFO may play a role in stroke is ... In rats research showed a link to the amount of Cryptosporidium infestation and the number of newborn rats that failed to close ... while the right ventricle needs only to produce enough pressure to pump blood to the lungs.[citation needed] In the case of a ... This type of defect is usually associated with Down syndrome.[citation needed] A sinus venosus ASD is a type of atrial septum ...

It was historically used to treat upset stomachs, colds, diarrhea, neuralgia and kidney disease.[citation needed] "Monarda ... Monarda punctata attracts pollinators in great numbers, especially wasps. Among the wasps that it brings to the garden are ...

Now, k steps per iteration are needed, where k is the number of latent variables. For graphical models this is easy to do as ... The Bayesian approach to inference is simply to treat θ as another latent variable. In this paradigm, the distinction between ... A number of methods have been proposed to accelerate the sometimes slow convergence of the EM algorithm, such as those using ... This full conditional expectation does not need to be calculated in one step, because τ and μ/Σ appear in separate linear terms ...

... the number of participants treated with artesunate who died in the hospital was significantly lower than the number who died in ... In absence of other viable treatment options, artesunate may be used.[medical citation needed] Artesunate is safe for use in ... Artesunate is also used to treat less severe forms of malaria when it can be given orally. It has activity against P. ovale, P ... This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: "FDA Approves Only Drug in U.S. to Treat Severe ...

4.9 patients must be treated for one to benefit (number needed to treat = 4.9). Other recent studies have shown RALP to result ... Researchers are also studying types of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to treat prostate cancer[medical citation needed] ... Articles needing additional medical references from February 2021, All articles needing additional references, Articles ... Radiation therapy, also known as radiotherapy, is often used to treat all stages of prostate cancer. It is also often used ...

Treating infants less than 8 days old with erythropoietin may slightly reduce the need for red blood cell transfusions, but ... In a randomized controlled trial, erythropoietin was shown to not change the number of blood transfusions required by ... citation needed] Erythropoietin is also used to treat anemia in people, and cats and dogs, with chronic kidney disease who are ... citation needed] Erythropoietin has been hypothesized to be beneficial in treating certain neurological diseases such as ...

... number needed to treat'". Kidney International. 72 (7): 789-791. doi:10.1038/sj.ki.5002432. PMID 17653136. (Clinical medicine, ... While deaths are easier to count and are an outcome of undisputed importance, they are also much fewer than the number ...