The microbial communities residing inside the host body have now been recognized to be important for effective immune responses ... Since most laboratory strains are kept under these gnotobiotic conditions, nothing is known about the composition of the C. ... strains that are cultivated in laboratories for research purposes have lost the natural associated microbial communities and ... The C. elegans Research Community". WormBook: 1-19. doi:10.1895/wormbook.1.43.1. PMC 4781346. PMID 18050391. Félix, M.-A.; ...

Cub secretion microbial communities were significantly more diverse; Firmicutes were the most abundant bacterial phyla in adult ... which differs in composition from that secreted by the rectal mucosa). Their function is unclear. Anal glands are the most ... In the spring, a breeding female versus a non-breeding female had significant microbial community differences, but they did not ... Sin YW, Buesching CD, Burke T, Macdonald DW (September 2012). "Molecular characterization of the microbial communities in the ...

However the microbial community in the beaver shows less taxonomic diversity than the "typical" mammalian gut. The major OTUs ... Beavers consume a mix of herbaceous and woody plants, which varies considerably in both composition and species diversity by ...

Part of the microbial heterotrophic production is used by microzooplankton; another part of the heterotrophic community is ... Pauly, D.; Trites, A.; Capuli, E.; Christensen, V. (1998). "Diet composition and trophic levels of marine mammals". ICES J. Mar ... Viruses are now considered to play key roles in marine ecosystems by controlling microbial community dynamics, host metabolic ... These polar environments contain a diverse range of bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic microbial communities that, along with ...

... affects soil fungal community diversity and composition in temperate grasslands. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 363(17), fnw196. ... The Development and Decline Dynamics of Two Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Mat Soil Microbial Communities in Response to a Reciprocal ... and from a range of habitats with widely varying soil compositions and plant communities, including forests, grasslands, ... and Environmental Filtering Affects Belowground Communities in a Coastal Dune Ecosystem. Microbial Ecology, 71(4), 912-926. doi ...

It is a meticulously formed microbial community, that is organised to a particular structure and function. Plaque is rich in ... Understanding the formation, composition and characteristics of plaque helps in its control. An acquired pellicle is a layer of ... Marsh PD (June 2006). "Dental plaque as a biofilm and a microbial community - implications for health and disease". BMC Oral ... Kolenbrander PE (2000). "Oral microbial communities: biofilms, interactions, and genetic systems". Annual Review of ...

The scientific community is presently trying to deepen understanding of the roles played by microbes in food processing and ... The composition of such cultures is complex and extremely variable. The use of such techniques is steadily decreasing in ... Microbial food cultures are live bacteria, yeasts or moulds used in food production. Microbial food cultures carry out the ... Microbial food cultures also improve the nutritional value and organoleptic quality of the food. The microbial food cultures ...

60 per mil for microbial communities that recycle methane. The large range in values for organic carbon has to do with the ... The cell wall structure can be preserved, but the original composition changes over time and becomes mineralised. There are six ... There is also ongoing work within the scientific community to solve the problem of how cellular life evolved in a hostile early ... From the evidence in these rocks, it is likely that early life existed in the form of microbial mats and stromatolites. ...

There also exists variation in community composition and diversity at different depths. The control factors for the ... By working with other microbial communities, mycoplankton efficiently convert particulate organic matter to dissolved organic ... Phytoplankton communities are also abundant in the euphotic zone, which provides further evidence for the role of Mycoplankton ... The mycoloop is very similar to the microbial loop, as the basis of both is for microbes to make material accessible to ...

These microbial communities are highly stress-resistant and can contain destructive fungal and bacterial pathogens. Within ... Factors that contribute to dust solubility are particle size, the mineral composition of the dust, the temperature of the water ... Research shows that significant portions of microbial communities can be transported over large distances in these dust storms ... invasion of alien microbial communities during winter occurring desert dust storms". Microbiome. 5 (1): 32. doi:10.1186/s40168- ...

Permeable Reactive Barriers Designed To Mitigate Eutrophication Alter Bacterial Community Composition and Aquifer Redox ... Castelle CJ, Banfield JF (March 2018). "Major New Microbial Groups Expand Diversity and Alter our Understanding of the Tree of ... Castelle, Cindy J.; Banfield, Jillian F. (8 March 2018). "Major New Microbial Groups Expand Diversity and Alter our ... Rappé, Michael S.; Giovannoni, Stephen J. (2003). "The Uncultured Microbial Majority". Annual Review of Microbiology. 57: 369- ...

Permeable Reactive Barriers Designed To Mitigate Eutrophication Alter Bacterial Community Composition and Aquifer Redox ... Rappé, Michael S.; Giovannoni, Stephen J. (2003). "The Uncultured Microbial Majority". Annual Review of Microbiology. 57: 369- ...

Community composition in benthic communities is dramatically disrupted by periodic oxygen depletion events, such as those of ... In severe anoxic conditions, microbial life may experience dramatic shifts in community identity as well, resulting in an ... Reestablishment of benthic communities depend upon composition of adjacent communities for larval recruitment. This results in ... and alter microbial communities. Dissolved oxygen is more readily consumed in the interior of the mangrove forest. ...

In microbial communities like soil, the C:N ratio is a key indicator as it describes a balance between energetic foods ( ... the change in elemental composition is not large enough to remove the vascular versus non-vascular plant signals due to the ... The microbial communities utilizing the sinking organic carbon as an energy source, are partial to nitrogen-rich compounds ... "Soil microbial C:N ratio is a robust indicator of soil productivity for paddy fields". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 35266. ...

Riddell, Jennifer; Jovan, Sarah; Padgett, Pamela E.; Sweat, Ken (2011). "Tracking lichen community composition changes due to ... relative microbial biomass, and their relationship to disturbance and crust cover". Journal of Arid Environments. 74 (10): 1192 ... Bates, Scott T.; Nash III, T. H.; Sweat, Ken G.; Garcia-Pichel, Ferran (2010). "Fungal communities of lichen-dominated ... For thirty years Nash and his students investigated Southern California's lichen communities and used them as biomonitors of ...

"Freshwater Flows Into the Arctic and Southern Oceans Appear to Determine the Composition of Microbial Populations , NSF - ... with circumpolar distributions and demonstrated significant shifts in bacterial community composition and archaeal biomass over ... She discovered microbial life at −13 °C existing within an ice-sealed the Antarctic Lake Vida, the largest of several unique ... Making use of molecular genomic tools to describe microbial life, her work has helped answer questions about how microbes ...

... tackling phylogeny and function of its microbial community". Environmental Microbiology. 14 (5): 1308-1324. doi:10.1111/j.1462- ... Klitgaard, A. B.; Tendal, O. S. (2004-04-01). "Distribution and species composition of mass occurrences of large-sized sponges ... G. barretti is a high microbial abundance (HMA) sponge, such that the mesohyl is essentially packed with microbes, and just a ... Leys, S. P.; Kahn, A. S.; Fang, J. K. H.; Kutti, T.; Bannister, R. J. (2018). "Phagocytosis of microbial symbionts balances the ...

Effect of earthworms on the performance and microbial communities of excess sludge treatment process in vermifilter. Bioresour ... Soil Clogging During Subsurface Wastewater Infiltration as Affected by Effluent Composition and Loading Rate. J. Environ. Qual ... and assessment of microbial community diversity and structure using tower vermifiltration. Bioresource Technology, 102, 9462-70 ... Earthworms regulate microbial biomass and activity by directly or/and indirectly grazing on microorganisms. Biofilm and organic ...

... though microbial communities could have also formed in caves and freshwater lakes and rivers. By 1.2 Ga, microbial communities ... Such composition may have caused the oceans to be black- and milky-turquoise instead of blue. (By contrast, during the much ... The predominantly sulfidic composition may have caused the oceans to be a black- and milky-turquoise color instead of blue. ... 2018). "Microbial life and biogeochemical cycling on land 3,220 million years ago" (PDF). Nature Geoscience. 11 (9): 665-671. ...

The composition of the phytoplankton community in the euphotic zone largely determines the quantity and quality of organic ... These results suggest differences in mineral composition do not lead to differential protection of POC against microbial ... However, a more biologically resistant DOC fraction produced in the euphotic zone (accounting for 15-20% of net community ... During the sinking process, these organic particles are hotspots of microbial activity and represent important loci for organic ...

... has been applied in areas ranging from the origins of the spliceosome to the complex interdependence of microbial communities. ... However, mutational hypotheses for the evolution of composition suffered a reduction in scope when it was discovered that (1) ... Microbial mat fossils have been found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone in Western Australia. Other early physical evidence of ... Freese, Ernst (July 1962). "On the Evolution of the Base Composition of DNA". Journal of Theoretical Biology. 3 (1): 82-101. ...

Microbial food cultures and genetically engineered microbial production (e.g. of spider silk or solar-energy-based protein ... The medical community has warned that gene patents can inhibit the practice of medicine and progress of science. This can also ... composition and taste as natural products but use less water, generate less carbon emissions, require less labor[additional ... Formo, based in Germany, is a startup making dairy products using microbial precision fermentation. Imagindairy is attempting ...

Plant-associated microbial communities impact both key components of the fitness of plants, growth and survival, and are shaped ... Thus, the composition of inorganic carbon sources for seagrass photosynthesis probably varies between intertidal and subtidal ... The microbial community in the P. oceanica rhizosphere shows similar complexity as terrestrial habitats that contain thousands ... Dried seagrass leaves might be useful for papermaking or as insulating materials, so knowledge of cell wall composition has ...

Bacterial composition of ancient dental calculus is similar to modern but with the exception of higher amounts of Bacillota and ... This matured biofilm community is the one preserved in dental calculus. Ancient dental calculus often contain high amounts of ... Microbial profiles differ significantly between dental plaque and dental calculus although calculus forms from plaque. The ... Eisenhofer, Raphael; Anderson, Atholl; Dobney, Keith; Cooper, Alan; Weyrich, Laura S. (3 April 2019). "Ancient Microbial DNA in ...

Baho, Didier L.; Peter, Hannes; Tranvik, Lars J. (2012-04-19). "Resistance and resilience of microbial communities - temporal ... Here she studied the composition of bacterial assemblages and how this composition impacted the function of ecosystems. At ... Prosser, James I.; Martiny, Jennifer B. H. (2020-05-11). "Conceptual challenges in microbial community ecology". Philosophical ... Martiny studies microbial ecosystems, both on earth and at sea. She focusses on the mechanisms that regulate microbial ...

"Encoding Membrane-Potential-Based Memory within a Microbial Community". Cell Systems. 10 (5): 417-423.e3. doi:10.1016/j.cels. ... They are fragile and constantly replaced, sometimes with pili of different composition. Gliding motility is a type of ... It relies on the motive force generated by the cell community due to the expansive forces caused by cell growth within the ... It relies on the motive force generated by the cell community due to the expansive forces caused by cell growth within the ...

"What is microbial community ecology?" The ISME Journal, 3(11): 1223-1230. Konopka, A., 2009. What is microbial community ... "Plant microbiome-an account of the factors that shape community composition and diversity". Current Plant Biology: 100161. doi: ... This definition represents a substantial advancement of the definition of a microbial community, as it defines a microbial ... as "a characteristic microbial community occupying a reasonably well-defined habitat which has distinct physio-chemical ...

Scientific studies mainly describe grassland plant communities and microbial communities. Nevertheless, it is important to ... while global stability indicates a system highly resistant to change in species composition and/or food web dynamics. In the ... community stability refers only to the characteristics of communities. It is possible for an ecosystem or a community to be ... A stability diversity tradeoff has also been recently observed in microbial communities from human and sponge host environments ...

These microbial communities consist of genera commonly found in the mouth and intestines, which may be transmitted to the ... Alternatively, in other instances, microbiota composition can also be determined by the environment, as is the case for ... Research on the acquisition of microbial communities in vertebrates is relatively sparse, but also suggests that vertical ... The meconium, an infant's first bowel movement of digested amniotic fluid, has also been shown to contain a diverse community ...

The presence of these complex microbial communities in the human body suggests that the immune system has been selected to ... and retrograde back-flow hypothesis have been put forth to explain the microbial composition of human milk. Human milk immune ... "Breast milk cytokine and IgA composition differ in Estonian and Swedish mothers-relationship to microbial pressure and infant ... "The role of early life nutrition in the establishment of gastrointestinal microbial composition and function". Gut Microbes. 8 ...