Gray GS, Fitch WM (1983). "Evolution of antibiotic resistance genes: the DNA sequence of a kanamycin resistance gene from ... Pierpersberg, W; Distler, J; Heinzel, P; Perez-Gonzalaez, JA (1988). "Antibiotic resistance by modification: Many resistance ... Perspectives on Mechanisms of Action and Resistance and Strategies to Counter Resistance". Antimicrobial Agents and ... Aminoglycoside resistance genes are commonly used in the realm of genetic engineering in order to select for correctly ...

... is an enzyme which is involved in conferring resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics. It catalyses the transfer of a ... In molecular biology, kanamycin nucleotidyltransferase EC 2.7.7.- (KNTase) ... "Structural investigation of the antibiotic and ATP-binding sites in kanamycin nucleotidyltransferase". Biochemistry. 34 (41): ... nucleoside monophosphate group from a nucleotide to kanamycin. This enzyme is dimeric with each subunit being composed of two ...

Bacteria that have been transformed with a plasmid containing the kanamycin resistance gene are plated on kanamycin (50-100 µg/ ... including kanamycin B, kanamycin C, kanamycin D and kanamycin X.[citation needed] The kanamycin biosynthetic pathway can be ... Kanamycin is a mixture of three main components: kanamycin A, B, and C. Kanamycin A is the major component in kanamycin. The ... One of the branches forms kanamycin C and kanamycin B, while the other branch forms kanamycin D and kanamycin X. However, both ...

Kanamycin resistance is used as a selectable marker. A. brasilense has a high evolutionary adaptation rate driven by codon ...

Total synthesis of a gene encoding kanamycin resistance". Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry. 10: 2348-2360. doi:10.3762/ ...

The Flavr Savr also contained a kanamycin-resistance gene. This gene gave bacterial cells and chloroplasts resistance to ... The kanamycin-resistance gene was used during the tomato's creation phase to help scientists identify plants with the genes ... which confers resistance to certain aminoglycoside antibiotics including kanamycin and neomycin. On May 18, 1994, the FDA ... Kanamycin is toxic to chloroplasts and is deadly for some plants. When researchers exposed tomato plants to high levels of ...

Le Goffic F, Martel A (1974). "[Resistance to aminosides induced by an isoenzyme, kanamycin acetyltransferase]". Biochimie. 56 ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:kanamycin-B N6'-acetyltransferase. Other names in common use include ... Dowding JE (1977). "Mechanisms of gentamicin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus". Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 11 (1): 47-50 ... and kanamycin acetyltransferase. As of late 2007, 4 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession ...

Resistance to amikacin also confers resistance to kanamycin and capreomycin. Resistance to amikacin and kanamycin in ... and resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis is caused by AAD(4',4), which also confers resistance to kanamycin, ... resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is caused by AAC(6')-IV, which also confers resistance to kanamycin, gentamicin, and ... Amikacin is derived from kanamycin A: While amikacin is only FDA-approved for use in dogs and for intrauterine infection in ...

S. aureus biofilms also have high resistance to host immune response. Though the exact mechanism of resistance is unknown, S. ... Sakon J, Liao HH, Kanikula AM, Benning MM, Rayment I, Holden HM (November 1993). "Molecular structure of kanamycin ... Because of the high level of resistance to penicillins and because of the potential for MRSA to develop resistance to ... as they can contribute to antibiotic resistance and immune system evasion. S. aureus biofilm has high resistance to antibiotic ...

A plasmid named pCG113 containing kanamycin resistance genes and the IS1096 insertion sequence was engineered to contain ... Tn5 is a bacterial composite transposon in which genes (the original system containing antibiotic resistance genes) are flanked ... Colonies were plated on kanamycin to select for resistant cells. Colonies that underwent random transposition events were ...

Carrer, H, Hockenberry, TN, Svab, Z, Maliga, P (October 2004). "Kanamycin resistance as a selectable marker for plastid ... Cseplo, A, Maliga, P (November 1982). "Lincomycin resistance, a new type of maternally inherited mutation in Nicotiana ... Moll, B, Polsby, L, Maliga, P (December 1989). "Streptomycin and lincomycin resistances are selective plastid markers in ... The Maliga group in Szeged isolated chloroplast-encoded antibiotic-resistance and herbicide-resistant mutants in cultured ...

Carrer, Helaine; Hockenberry, Tish Noel; Svab, Zora; Maliga, Pal (October 1993). "Kanamycin resistance as a selectable marker ... Norris, M. H.; Kang, Y.; Lu, D.; Wilcox, B. A.; Hoang, T. T. (2009-07-31). "Glyphosate Resistance as a Novel Select-Agent- ... For example, if the delivered DNA construct contains a gene that confers resistance to an antibiotic or herbicide, then stably ... it will typically be a gene granting cells a detoxification capacity for certain herbicides or antibiotics such as kanamycin, ...

The resistance genes confer resistance to the antibiotics kanamycin, ampicillin and tetracycline. In addition, RK2 contains a ... and two antibiotic resistance genes, bla and cat, which confer resistance to Ampicillin and Chloramphenicol, respectively. ... RK2 is approximately 60 kbp long and contains genes for replication, maintenance, conjugation and antibiotic resistance. ... as one of a family of plasmids implicated in transfer of Ampicillin resistance between bacterial strains. Plasmids in the IncP- ...

... resistance is conferred by either one of two kanamycin kinase genes. Genes conferring neomycin-resistance are commonly ... "G418/neomycin-cross resistance?". Archived from the original on 2009-06-25. Retrieved 2008-10-19. Waksman SA, Lechevalier HA, ... Many commercially available protein expression plasmids contain a neo-resistance gene as a selectable marker. Neomycin was ... October 2011). "Discovery of parallel pathways of kanamycin biosynthesis allows antibiotic manipulation". Nature Chemical ...

The transposon codes for antibiotic resistance to kanamycin and other aminoglycoside antibiotics. Tn5 and other transposases ... and was first discovered as a DNA sequence in bacterial chromosomes and naturally occurring plasmids that encoded resistance to ... a DNA segment containing several cassettes of genes encoding for antibiotic-resistance. The Tn7 transposon codes for five ... "Transposition of a DNA sequence encoding trimethoprim and streptomycin resistances from R483 to other replicons". Journal of ...

MON863 contains an GM antibiotic resistance gene (nptII) against kanamycin and neomycin. Staff (8 August 2005) concerning the ... In addition to the modified Cry3Bb1 toxin gene MON863 contains an antibiotic resistance marker gene. Doull, J.; Gaylor, D.; ... genetically modified for resistance to corn rootworm and in 2006 in food Archived 2012-09-05 at the Wayback Machine Commission ... genetically modified for resistance to corn rootworm Archived 2010-12-31 at the Wayback Machine Commission of the European ...

Hoseki J, Yano T, Koyama Y, Kuramitsu S, Kagamiyama H (November 1999). "Directed evolution of thermostable kanamycin-resistance ... This resistance to high temperature allows for DNA polymerase to elongate DNA with a desired sequence of interest with the ... Knowledge of an enzyme's resistance to high temperatures is especially beneficial in protein purification. In the procedure of ...

These cassettes often carry antibiotic resistance genes. An example would be the kanMX cassette which confers kanamycin (an ... The vectors containing the gene of interest typically also carry an antibiotic resistance gene called a selectable marker to ... Collis, C. M.; Hall, R. M. (1995-01-01). "Expression of antibiotic resistance genes in the integrated cassettes of integrons". ... Many commensal organisms, such as E. coli, regularly harbor one or more gene cassettes that convey antibiotic resistance. ...

"Transposition of a DNA sequence determining kanamycin resistance into the single-stranded genome of bacteriophage fd". ...

Many applications build on experiments showing that the DNA sequence determining resistance to the antibiotic kanamycin can be ... The modified phage can be selected by infecting kanamycin-sensitive bacteria with modified phage to introduce resistance to ... "Transposition of a DNA sequence determining kanamycin resistance into the single-stranded genome of bacteriophage fd". ... kanamycin, and growing the infected bacteria in media containing an otherwise lethal concentration of kanamycin.[citation ...

The trait includes a bacterial antibiotic resistance gene that provides resistance to the antibiotic kanamycin. The genetic ... These traits include improved shelf life, disease resistance, stress resistance, herbicide resistance, pest resistance, ... Humans consuming apples do not acquire kanamycin resistance, per arcticapple.com. The FDA approved the apples in March 2015. ... The establishment of minimum refuge requirements helped delay the evolution of Bt resistance. However, resistance appears to be ...

Using chloroplast transformation genes encoding spectinomycin and kanamycin resistance were inserted into the DNA of ... After subjecting the plants to spectinomycin and kanamycin selection, some plants began to tolerate spectinomycin and kanamycin ... of the progeny expressed spectinomycin and kanamycin resistance genes. Pollen was thought not to be able to transfer ... By using the cells expressing resistances, they were able to grow tobacco from these cell to maturity. Once mature, the plants ...

Strains EHA105 was generated from EHA101 through site-directed deletion of the kanamycin resistance gene from the Ti plasmid, ... EHA101 is resistant to kanamycin by way of an npt I gene in place of T-DNA. The parent strain, A281, does not show antibiotic ... of the T-DNA in EHA101 requires that binary plasmids that are put into the strain encode a drug resistance other than kanamycin ... This latter strain has been useful to plant biotechnologists who use kanamycin as a selectable marker on their binary plasmids ...

Some vectors contain two selectable markers, for example the plasmid pACYC177 has both ampicillin and kanamycin resistance gene ... Antibiotic resistance is often used as marker, an example being the beta-lactamase gene, which confers resistance to the ... although some selectable markers such as resistance to zeocin and hygromycin B are effective in different cell types. ...

Červený J, Sinetova MA, Zavřel T, Los DA (March 2015). "Mechanisms of High Temperature Resistance of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 ... PCC6803 the ideal concentrations of kanamycin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and gentamicin. ... Labarre J, Chauvat F, Thuriaux P (June 1989). "Insertional mutagenesis by random cloning of antibiotic resistance genes into ... but may require additional buffer to maintain pH Selection is typically performed by antibiotic resistance genes. Heidorn et al ...

At the same time, other studies show that resistance levels in ancient bacteria to modern antibiotics remain lower than in the ... kanamycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, spectinomycin and neomycin. Some scientists consider horizontal gene transfer of novel ... Psychrophile Antibiotic resistance Perron, Gabriel G.; Whyte, Lyle; Turnbaugh, Peter J.; Goordial, Jacqueline; Hanage, William ... However, they would not be completely vulnerable either, due to the discovery of ancient antibiotic resistance genes in ...

Resistance or reduced susceptibility to several antibiotics, such as colistin sulphate, clindamycin and kanamycin A or ...

Whilst the nuclear transgenic plants N. benthamiana and N. glauca were engineered to have kanamycin antibiotic resistance and ... The gene of interests introduced have many different applications and can range from pest resistance genes to vaccine antigen ... As a result of this, technologies have been developed to remove the selectable antibiotic resistance gene marker. One such ... The transplastomic plants were engineered to have resistance to the antibiotic spectinomycin and engineered to produce a green ...

The combined resistance to novobiocin and oxacillin is hypothesized to have originated from a simultaneous introduction of ... kanamycin, and streptomycin. They were also somewhat resistant to methicillin and gentamicin, and most strains were resistant ... This strain was named so because of its unique resistance to novobiocin and its failure to produce acid aerobically from ... The thickened cell walls exist in subspecies with and without vancomycin resistance which suggests this subspecies did not ...

Beta-lactamase which confers ampicillin resistance to bacterial hosts. Neo gene from Tn5, which confers resistance to kanamycin ... Normally the genes encoding resistance to antibiotics such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline or kanamycin, etc., are ... Selectable markers are often antibiotic resistance genes (An antibiotic resistance marker is a gene that produces a protein ... When grown on medium containing ampicillin, bacteria die due to lack of ampicillin resistance. The position is later noted on ...