Pelczar MJ, Chan EC, Krieg NR (2010). "Host-Parasite Interaction; Nonspecific Host Resistance". Microbiology Concepts and ... Bacteriophages and their host ranges are extremely specific for certain bacteria, thus, unlike antibiotics, they do not disturb ... Interactions between alcohol and certain antibiotics may occur and may cause side effects and decreased effectiveness of ... These include host defense mechanisms, the location of infection, and the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the ...

Colwell, D. D. (2006). "Part C: Gasterophilinae host-parasite interactions". In Colwell, Douglas D.; Hall, Martin J. R.; Scholl ... In order the hatch, the eggs must be licked by the host animal. If taken into the host's mouth during grooming, the egg will ... Host-parasite Relationships, Impact and Management. CABI Publishing. p. 190. ISBN 9781845931681. Heise, Stephanie; Reinemeyer, ... In the spring, the third stage larvae pass out of the host in the feces. Pupation takes place in the soil for a duration of 3-5 ...

Morand, Serge; Krasnov, Boris R. (1 September 2010). The Biogeography of Host-Parasite Interactions. Oxford University Press. ... Complex interactions can occur within and between these levels. In biologically diverse forests, this complexity allows ... The latitudinal distribution of parasites does not appear to follow this rule. In 2016, an alternative hypothesis ("the fractal ... The exotic organisms may be predators, parasites, or may outcompete indigenous species for nutrients, water and light. At ...

In: S Morand and B Krasnov (eds.). The Biogeography of Host-Parasite Interactions. Oxford University Press, pp. 73-88. ... of parasites is not a general phenomenon. Rohde's work on the ecology of marine parasites has shown that most parasites live in ... How to measure host specificity. Vie et Milieu (Life and Environment) 58, 121-124. 2010 Marine parasite diversity and ... Rohde was the first who supplied quantitative evidence for the enormous species diversity of marine parasites in tropical ( ...

... if host-parasite or other interactions are as tightly coevolved as was previously believed, parasites should not be switching ... form new species interactions (e.g. a parasite infecting a new host), or both, which can lead to the misinterpretation of the ... The Biogeography of Host-Parasite Interactions. Oxford University Press. pp. 7-20. ISBN 978-0-19-956135-3. {{cite book}}: , ... which would encourage host fidelity, yet scientists commonly observe parasite shifts onto novel hosts, both in the phylogenetic ...

Beck, K. (1984). "Coevolution: Mathematical analysis of host-parasite interactions". Journal of Mathematical Biology. 19 (1): ... was an American entomologist who specialized in insect physiology and host plant resistance. After a stint in the navy during ...

Dheilly, Nolwenn Marie (2014-07-03). "Holobiont-Holobiont Interactions: Redefining Host-Parasite Interactions". PLOS Pathogens ... Examples include gut microbe or viral genomes linked to human or animal genomes for host-microbe interaction research. ... have been found with holobiont-holobiont interactions. Maturation of mammalian host immune systems has been known to involve ... hologenomics uses an integrative framework to investigate interactions between the host and its associated species. ...

... while parasite-host and symbiont-host interactions appear to have moderate degrees of specialization. The SAR supergroup (i.e ... D: Parasite-host interactions included in PIDA. The node numbers correspond to node numbers in A. Abbreviations for supergroups ... All major protistan lineages were involved in interactions as hosts, symbionts (mutualists and commensalists), parasites, ... Parasite taxa are depicted in light purple (left), hosts in dark purple (right). It was found that protist predators seem to be ...

Cotton JA, Beatty JK, Buret AG (August 2011). "Host parasite interactions and pathophysiology in Giardia infections". ... Heyworth MF (2016). "Giardia duodenalis genetic assemblages and hosts". Parasite. 23: 13. doi:10.1051/parasite/2016013. PMC ... The interaction between Giardia and host immunity, internal flora, and other pathogens is not well understood. The main ... Natural barriers defend against parasite entering the host's body. Natural barriers consist of mucus layers, bile salt, ...

Nuismer S.; Otto S.P. (2004). "Host-parasite interactions and the evolution of ploidy". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 101 (30): ... "Host-parasite interactions and the evolution of ploidy". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 101 (30): 11036-11039. Bibcode:2004PNAS.. ... Some studies suggest that selection is more likely to favor diploidy in host species and haploidy in parasite species. When a ...

"Host-parasite interactions and the evolution of ploidy". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States ... Parasites & Vectors. 5: 3. doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-3. PMC 3274472. PMID 22214472. Dunemann F, Schrader O, Budahn H, Houben A ( ...

... a model for minimal parasite-host interactions". Current Opinion in Microbiology. 13 (4): 443-449. doi:10.1016/j.mib.2010.05. ...

This parasite releases its bacterial symbiont along with a variety of proteins into the host after infection, and together the ... Akhurst, RJ; Dunphy, GB (1993). "Tripartite interactions between symbiotically associated entomopathogenic bacteria, nematodes ... All other life stages (L1, L2, L3, L4, and adult) occur within an insect host. The IJ enters the host through natural openings ... After the death of the host, nematodes continue to feed on the host tissue and the multiplying bacteria. They develop into ...

The intermediate stages transfer the parasites from one host to another. The definitive host in which adults develop is a land ... Constraining the Deep Origin of Parasitic Flatworms and Host-Interactions with Fossil Evidence". In Kenneth De Baets and D. ... These parasites attach themselves to their hosts by means of disks that bear crescent-shaped hooks. They are divided into the ... Others graze externally on mucus and flakes of the hosts' skins. The name "Monogenea" is based on the fact that these parasites ...

Chang, KP; Fong, D (1983). Cell biology of host-parasite membrane interactions in leishmaniasis. Ciba Foundation Symposium. ... The parasite requires two different hosts for a complete life cycle, humans as the definitive host and sandflies as the ... This protects the parasites from the digestive enzymes of the host. The amastigotes travel as far as the abdominal midgut and ... Leishmania donovani is a digenetic parasite passing its life cycle in two different hosts. In humans the metacyclic ...

Chappell, L. H.; Hardie, L. J.; Secombes, C. J. (1994). "Diplostomiasis: The disease and host‐parasite interactions In Pike". ... so the parasite is protected there from the host's immune system. This latter trait is probably responsible for the parasite's ... "Effects of environmental variation on host-parasite interaction in three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus)". Zoology ... The parasite infects snails and birds, sexually reproducing in the latter (its primary host) and asexually in the former (its ...

Krichbaum, Kristle; Perkins, Sarah; Gannon, Michael (2008). "Host-parasite interactions of tropical bats in Puerto Rico". Acta ...

"Host-Parasite Interactions in Urinary Tract Infections" (ed. Eden & Kass), University of Chicago Press, 1989. Laski laulellen ...

Best A, White A, Boots M (June 2009). "The implications of coevolutionary dynamics to host-parasite interactions". The American ... Most studies conclude that there is a fitness benefit of altering host feeding behavior to either the host or the parasite. The ... Selection is expected to favor parasite manipulation of the host when the host's behavior creates a suboptimal environment for ... An application of coevolutionary theory would predict sophisticated manipulations of host behavior when host-specificity is ...

Her early research considered host-parasite interactions in malaria. She became a University lecturer in 1999 and she was made ... 1 February 1998). "Association of malaria parasite population structure, HLA, and immunological antagonism". Science. 279 (5354 ...

Jaenike, John; Anderson, Timothy J. C (September 1992). "Dynamics of Host-Parasite Interactions: The Drosophila-Howardula ... However the odourants that attract H. aoronymphium to mushrooms are different from the odours that attract its fly host D. ... However unlike these nematodes, Howardula aoronymphium requires its host fly to survive into adulthood, and does not increase ... Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi Allantonematidae Perlman, Steve J.; Jaenike, John (2003). "Infection Success in Novel Hosts: An ...

"Betulin derivatives impair Leishmania braziliensis viability and host-parasite interaction". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry. ... It is an infectious disease that is spread by a parasite in sandflies that use domestic dogs as hosts. The emergence of ... of the mammalian host, with the macrophages being the target white blood cell of the parasite. Recently, it has been ... At this time, the parasite causes oral and nasal lesions causing severe damage to the mucus membranes. Visceral Leishmaniasis ...

Ibelings, B.W.; de Bruin, A.; Kagami, M.; Rijkeboer, M.; van Donk, E. (2004). "Host parasite interactions between freshwater ... Some algal parasites practice oögamy: A motile male gamete attaches itself to a nonmotile structure containing the female ... Chytrids are saprobic, degrading refractory materials such as chitin and keratin, and sometimes act as parasites. There has ... Among the microfossils are chytrids preserved as parasites on rhyniophytes. These fossils closely resemble the modern genus ...

Host-parasite interactions are prime examples of evolutionary arms races. The host evolves methods of detecting the parasite, ... There are two basic strategies for parasitizing the host. In the first strategy, the wasp eats the host egg or host young larva ... Additionally, if the host mother wasp is able to accumulate enough food resources for both her kin and the host larva, the ... The second parasitoid strategy is generally utilized when the host wasp species is a nectar and pollen gatherer. These host ...

And a parasite has the property of parasitic ability on a host. Parasitism is the interaction of these two properties. The main ... Pathosystem balance means that the parasite does not endanger the survival of the host; and that the resistance in the host ... gene in the parasite. When the genes of the parasite match those of the host, the resistance does not operate. There are two ... Allo-infection means that the parasite originates away from its host and has to travel to that host. The first infection of any ...

1992). "Dynamics of host-parasite interactions: the Drosophila-Howardula system". OIKOS. 674 (3): 533-40. doi:10.2307/3545172. ... However the odourants that attract D. falleni to mushrooms are different from the odours that attract its nematode parasite ... "Olfactory Preferences of the Parasitic Nematode Howardula aoronymphium and its Insect Host Drosophila falleni". Journal of ...

Koprivnikar, Janet; Forbes, Mark R.; Baker, Robert L. (2007). "Contaminant Effects on Host-Parasite Interactions: Atrazine, ... Its principal finding was that susceptibility of wood frog tadpoles to infection by E. trivolvis is increased only when hosts ...

... the effect on the reproductive fitness of a parasite's hosts; the number of hosts they have per life stage; whether the host is ... Wojcik, Daniel P. (March 1989). "Behavioral Interactions between Ants and Their Parasites". The Florida Entomologist. 72 (1): ... Trophically transmitted parasites are transmitted to their definitive host, a predator, when their intermediate host is eaten. ... immediately paralysing the host to prevent it from escaping or throwing off the parasite. They often carry the host to a nest ...

Trail, D (1980). "Behavioral Interactions between Parasites and Hosts: Host Suicide and the Evolution of Complex Life Cycles". ... Some parasites alter host behavior by infecting neurons in the host's central nervous system. The host's central nervous system ... the host, or both, depends on the entire "host-parasite system": The life cycle of the pathogen, its virulence and the host's ... its definitive host. Parasites may alter the host's behavior by infecting the host's central nervous system, or by altering its ...

Host parasite interactions between freshwater phytoplankton and chytrid fungi (Chritridiomycota), Ibelings et al. 2004, J. ... Maier, Michelle A.; Peterson, Tawnya D. (Oct 2014). "Observations of a Diatom Chytrid Parasite in the Lower Columbia River". ... stopping the spread of the parasite. This is called a hypersensitive reaction. Asterionella have no means of locomotion. It is ... is it linked to frequent epidemic of host-specific parasitic fungus?, De Bruin et al. 2004, J.Phycology. 40p823-830. doi: ...

Some simple parasites, such as the bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae, lack all amino acid synthesis and take their amino acids ... nucleotides and carbohydrates may instead be scavenged from the host. Similar reduced metabolic capabilities are seen in ... of the metabolic networks in cells that contain thousands of different enzymes is given by the figure showing the interactions ... For example, in some parasites metabolic processes that are not essential for survival are lost and preformed amino acids, ...

... of multitrophic interaction in plants is the transfer of defensive alkaloids produced by endophytes living within a grass host ... Common examples of an aggregated node in a food web might include parasites, microbes, decomposers, saprotrophs, consumers, or ... These complex multitrophic interactions involve more than two trophic levels in a food web. For example, such interactions have ... Living and non-living things on Earth Soil food web Tritrophic interactions in plant defense - Ecological interactions Trophic ...

Parasites can be eliminated with medication that is cost-effective and easy to administer. Twice-yearly treatments range from $ ... Rowland-Jones SL, Lohman B (October 2002). "Interactions between malaria and HIV infection-an emerging public health problem ... Borkow G, Bentwich Z (May 2002). "Host background immunity and human immunodeficiency virus protective vaccines, a major ... Intestinal parasites are extremely prevalent in tropical areas. These include helminths like hookworms, roundworms, and flukes ...

"A role for host-parasite interactions in the horizontal transfer of DNA transposons across animal phyla". Nature. 464 (7293): ... The parasite enters the victim through the bite wound after the human host scratches the bite. Infection may also occur via ... It has been implicated in the transmission of transposons between it and some of its vertebrate hosts, squirrel monkeys and ... Rhodnius prolixus is the principal triatomine vector of the Chagas parasite due to both its sylvatic and domestic populations ...

Instead, domestic dogs are the primary amplification host for the parasite. The direct bite of an infected sandfly during blood ... Arthropod-Plant Interactions 5, 9-18 (2010). (Articles with short description, Short description is different from Wikidata, ... which presents a convenient group of amplification hosts for the parasite within a concentrated area. The total developmental ... At any given moment, the number of male flies far outweighs the number of female flies present on a chicken host, which is ...

... of the host species' nests at a single location had "[lost] their fight against their parasite". Queen and worker bumblebees ... Whitney, H.; Dyer, A.; Rands, S.A.; Glover, B.J. (2008). "The interaction of temperature and sucrose concentration on foraging ... They usually emerge from hibernation later than their host species. Each species of cuckoo bee has a specific host species, ... Female cuckoo bumblebees aggressively attack host colony members, and sting the host queen, but ignore other animals unless ...

These cleptoparasitic bees are host generalists and belong to an ancient lineage of parasites that uniquely shares no ... Ultimately, a halictine colony's social organization is influenced by the interaction between its members' genotype, social ... before ovipositing eggs into pollen-provisioned host cells. Such parasites inhabit every continent with the exception of ... When parasite and predator threats are high and territory and resources are limited, a greater number of individual workers may ...

These "parasites" which have become ubiquitous in genomes can be very deleterious to organisms as discussed below. However, ... In essence, it is the cumulative effect of many types of interactions that leads to the difference between euchromatin, which ... Beauregard A, Curcio MJ, Belfort M (2008). "The take and give between retrotransposable elements and their hosts". Annual ... Much is still to be known about these genomic parasites but it is clear they play a significant role within eukaryotic ...

It is hypothesized that asexual lineage of Microsporum canis evolved as a result of host-specific interactions, changes in ... Bodin E. (1902). Les champignons parasites de l'homme (in French). Paris, France: Masson et Cie. p. 137. Kaszubiak, A; Klein, S ... Hence, animals, cats and dogs are believed to be the population hosts of this fungus, while humans are occasional hosts, in ... Early domestication of animals, such as cats and dogs, in Africa led to a later evolution of host-specific fungus, Microsporum ...

Comparative morphology of developmental stages of gregarines and cryptosporidia with an emphasis on host-parasite interactions ... This host-specificity is set to take place at the level of a specific family of hosts in the case of Orthoptera hosts. Although ... In the end, eight haploid sporozoits are formed, ready to be released into a new host. Their relationship with their hosts has ... Gregarina garnhami stays present as a extracellular organism in the host, not penetrating the cell membrane of the host. The ...

By looking at ultrastructural morphological structures like host-parasite interactions, the septal pore apparatus and molecular ... Cellular interaction The cellular interactions are referring to the interaction between the hyphae and the host plant cells. ... The host-interactions zones can either be local interaction zones and then characterizing the Exobasidiomycetes, or enlarged ... But not all taxa in Ustilaginomycotina are host-specific, some have a broad host range and others have also made a host jump to ...

Hovius JW, van Dam AP, Fikrig E (September 2007). "Tick-host-pathogen interactions in Lyme borreliosis" (PDF). Trends in ... Ticks that transmit B. burgdorferi to humans can also carry and transmit several other parasites, such as Babesia microti and ... Availability of hosts can have significant impacts on the transmission of Lyme disease. A greater diversity of hosts, or of ... 2021). Lyme Disease and Relapsing Fever Spirochetes: Genomics, Molecular Biology, Host Interactions, and Disease Pathogenesis. ...

... and often provision their own nests with such hosts. Unlike true parasites, the wasp larvae eventually kill their hosts. ... "Lethal interactions between parasites and prey increase niche diversity in a tropical community". Science. 343 (6176): 1240- ... They then insert one or more eggs into the host or deposit them upon the outside of the host. The host remains alive until the ... Ortolani, I.; Cervo, R. (2009). "Coevolution of daily activity timing in a host-parasite system". Biological Journal of the ...

In parallel, there has been an alarming increase in antimicrobial resistance of bacteria, fungi, parasites and some viruses to ... Like all therapeutic antimicrobials, they must kill the infecting organism without serious damage to the host.[citation needed ... and Jules Francois Joubert observed antagonism between some bacteria and discussed the merits of controlling these interactions ... making it more difficult to find a target for an antifungal drug to attack that does not also exist in the host organism. ...

More recently, it was proposed a model to study host-parasite-microbe interactions The option to breed S. solidus in the ... solidus with its hosts. The Schistocephalus solidus parasite is capable of host manipulation in both intermediate hosts, the ... Hahn, Megan A.; Dheilly, Nolwenn M. (2016). "Experimental models to study the role of microbes in host-parasite interactions". ... Hafer, Nina; Milinski, Manfred (2015). "When parasites disagree: Evidence for parasite-induced sabotage of host manipulation". ...

... is ectoparasitic, which means it is a parasite that lives primarily on the surface of its hosts. It has ... Final report of the Aquaculture Health Joint Working Group sub-group on disease risks and interactions between farmed salmonids ... "From host to host". An Introduction to Parasitology. Cambridge University Press. pp. 52-78. ISBN 978-0-521-57691-8. Ross Piper ... The oral end of the female copepod penetrates the body of the cod until it enters the rear bulb of the host's heart. There, ...

Norwegian wasps are known to be a host for Dolichovespula adulterina, which is also a known social parasite of D. saxonica. ... However, Dlichovespula adulterina also uses D. norwegica as another host. One suggestion for this inquiline interaction between ...

and their hosts Eulaema terminata and Euplusia surinamensis (Hymen., Apidae, Euglossinae) in Trinidad". Journal of the New York ... Though females nest in aggregations, this is due more to lack of suitable locations than any social interactions. They work ... There are no known predators or parasites that attack Eufriesea adults. It has been difficult for researchers to raise Ef. ... individual interactions and the advantage of living together". The Canadian Entomologist. 108: 1-6. doi:10.4039/Ent1081-1. ...

Threats include the decline or fragmentation of host populations, or the extinction of host species. Today, many threats to ... A large proportion of parasite species are threatened by extinction. A few of them are being eradicated as pests of humans or ... through its interaction with sea otters, sea urchins, and kelp. Kelp beds grow and form nurseries in shallow waters to shelter ... and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. It is an interdisciplinary subject ...

Vizoso, D. B.; Ebert, D. (2005-07-01). "Phenotypic plasticity of host-parasite interactions in response to the route of ... insights into the gene content of a large microsporidian genome and a model for host-parasite interactions". Genome Biology. 10 ... Both parasite species are vertically transmitted to asexual host offspring with a transmission rate of up to 100% and a ... Altermatt, F.; Hottinger, F.W. & D. Ebert (2007). "Parasites promote host gene flow in a metapopulation" (PDF). Evolution ...

Western tent caterpillars have strong ecological interactions with their host plants. The time of caterpillar egg-hatch is ... Caterpillars flick their heads in response to the sound of fly parasites, as a defensive mechanism. Moths will mate in mid- ... on Two Common Host Plants, Including a New Host Plant Record". Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society. 70 (4): 277-282. doi: ... The most common host plants that caterpillars feed on are leaves from stonefruit trees. However, larvae will feed on many other ...

Predators, parasites and disease is an area that has not been particularly well studied in grey teal. However, in Australia, ... The grey teal is one of three ducks known to host the virus Dalvirus anatis. The grey teal, Anas gracilis, is fully protected ... from the Department of Plant-Animal interaction Netherlands Institute, Netherlands, led a study about the long-distance ... A known parasite affecting waterfowl is Sarcocystis, also known as rice breast disease that is caused by a parasitic protozoan ...

Despite this, parasites of the fall armyworm are being studied extensively as a means of fighting armyworm attacks on crops. ... A female attracts males by perching atop the host plant feeding area and releasing a sex pheromone as the signal that she ... Groot, Astrid T.; Marr, Melanie; Heckel, David G.; Schöfl, Gerhard (2010-01-01). "The roles and interactions of reproductive ... Fifty-three different parasite species have been discovered in fall armyworm larvae, spanning ten different families. Often ...

Dolnik, Olga (2003). Some aspects of the biology and host-parasite interactions of Isospora spp. (Protozoa: Coccidiida) of ... Isospora sylvianthina is a species of internal parasites classified under Coccidia. It frequently occurs in the Eurasian ...

... fungi and even parasites. eDNA has been used to study species while minimizing any stress inducing human interaction, allowing ... host plant and predatory diet identification from insect DNA extracts, and predator scat from bats. Recently, also DNA from ... Goulson, D.; Nicholls, E.; Botias, C.; Rotheray, E. L. (2015). "Bee declines driven by combined stress from parasites, ... The selfDNA phenomenon has been postulated to drive ecological interactions and to be mechanistically mediated by damage- ...

There may actually be some mutualistic interactions between the parasite and the host in some Phoradendron species. The ... The net benefit on the hosts is difficult to quantify, however. The birds dispersing the host's seeds and benefiting the host, ... especially in leguminous hosts. This suggests that the parasite actively draws nutrients from the host plant through both the ... A study on the nutrient ratio between Phoradendron and their hosts found that the parasite have higher concentrations of ...

2-5. ISBN 978-3-319-29554-1. Corbeil, Lynette B. (2007). "Histophilus somni host-parasite relationships". Animal Health ... "Interactions of Histophilus somni with Host Cells", Histophilus somni, Cham: Springer International Publishing, vol. 396, pp. ... that binds to host cell platelet-activating factor receptors allowing H. somni to colonize host tissues while evading the ... and survival of phagocytosis that allow the bacteria to colonize host tissues and evade the host's immune system. Depending on ...

The oral cavity of dogs can be exposed to a variety of bacteria, parasites and viruses from their environment and it is not ... Shellis, R.P.; Addy, M.; Rees, G.D. (2005). "In vitro studies on the effect of sodium tripolyphosphate on the interactions of ... This bacteria buildup in plaque causes gingival inflammation and indirectly stimulates activation of the host immune system. ...