Emma L. Teuten; Li Xu; Christopher M. Reddy (2005). "Two Abundant Bioaccumulated Halogenated Compounds Are Natural Products". ... Polybrominated diphenyl ethers or PBDEs, are a class of organobromine compounds that are used as flame retardants. Like other ... October 2003). "Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in breast milk from Uppsala County, Sweden". Environ. Res. 93 (2): 186-94. ... 1987). "Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in marine fish, shellfish and river sediments in Japan". Chemosphere. 16 (10-12): 2389- ...

"40 Years of Research on Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs)-A Historical Overview and Newest Data of a Promising Anticancer ... A good example of an ether is the solvent diethyl ether. What differentiates a halogenated ether from other types of ethers is ... A halogenated ether is a subcategory of a larger group of chemicals known as ethers. An ether is an organic chemical that ... Halogenated ethers differ from other ethers because they contain at least one halogen atom in each molecule. Examples of ...

... and mixed halogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs, PXDD/Fs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), ... lead and polybrominated diphenyl ethers) used in the production of electronic and electric equipment (RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC ... and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) (0.1 %). If technologically feasible and substitution is available, the usage of ... The maximum concentrations of the target halogenated organic compounds HOCs were 0.1-1.5 km away from the main source and ...

"Neonatal exposure to higher brominated diphenyl ethers, hepta-, octa-, or nonabromodiphenyl ether, impairs spontaneous behavior ... Research has correlated halogenated hydrocarbons, such as PCBs, with neurotoxicity. PBDEs are similar in chemical structure to ... Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of compounds found in flame retardants used in plastic cases of televisions ... Anderson HA, Imm P, Knobeloch L, Turyk M, Mathew J, Buelow C, Persky V (September 2008). "Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE ...

Shaw, Susan D.; Kurunthachalam Kannan (July-September 2009). "Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in marine ecosystems of the ... That same year, Shaw was lead author on a review paper entitled Halogenated Flame Retardants: Do the Fire Safety Benefits ... "Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in farmed and wild salmon marketed in the Northeastern United States". Chemosphere. 71 ( ... "Bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in harbor seals from the northwest Atlantic". Chemosphere. 73 (11): 1773-1780 ...

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers with higher numbers of bromine atoms, such as decaBDE, are less toxic than PBDEs with lower ... Because many halogenated flame retardants are fat-soluble, they accumulate in fatty areas such as breast tissue and are ... 2009). An Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Sediments and Bivalves of the U.S. Coastal Zone. Free full ... In 2004 and 2008 the EU banned several types of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Negotiations between the EPA and the ...

Lorber, Matthew (January 2008). "Exposure of Americans to polybrominated diphenyl ethers". Journal of Exposure Science & ... It was then replaced by chlorinated tris, chloroalkyl phosphates, halogenated aryl esters, and tetrabromophthalate diol diester ... "Dietary intake and risk evaluation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in The Netherlands". Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. ... During 1980s, the most commonly used fire retardant material was penta-bromodiphenyl ether. It was banned by the Government due ...

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (19 December 2008). Tracking Progress on U.S. EPA's Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers ( ... Additionally, halogenated compounds with aromatic rings (such as TBHF) can degrade into dioxins and dioxin-like compounds, ... with a class of BFRs called polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) which has faced a great deal of attention and numerous ... "Photodegradation Pathways of Nonabrominated Diphenyl Ethers, 2-Ethylhexyltetrabromobenzoate and Di(2-ethylhexyl) ...

It is attacked by halogens and strong Brønsted and Lewis acids, as well as some halogenated compounds and aliphatic ... The reaction is conducted around 300 °C in polar aprotic solvents - such as diphenyl sulfone. PEEK is a semicrystalline ... Yin, Jun; Zhang, Aiqing; Liew, Kong Yong; Wu, Lihua (2008). "Synthesis of poly(ether ether ketone) assisted by microwave ... ether ether ketone) (PEEK) from a review of decomposition studies" (PDF). Polymer Degradation and Stability. 95 (5): 709-718. ...

The simplest member of the phenyl ether family is diphenyl ether (DPE), also called diphenyl oxide, the structure of which is ... are obtained by repeated application of the Ullmann Ether Synthesis: reaction of an alkali-metal phenate with a halogenated ... The proper name for a phenyl ether polymer is poly(phenyl ether) or polyphenyl polyether, but the name polyphenyl ether is ... Phenyl ether polymers are a class of polymers that contain a phenoxy or a thiophenoxy group as the repeating group in ether ...

PCBs were replaced by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which bring similar toxicity and bioaccumulation concerns. Some ... Claudia Wagner, Mustafa El Omari, Gabriele M. König (2009). "Biohalogenation: Nature's Way to Synthesize Halogenated ... Reaction with alkoxides or aryloxides give ethers in the Williamson ether synthesis; reaction with thiols give thioethers. ...

doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_405 "Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) Action Plan Summary , Existing Chemicals , OPPT , US EPA ... "Eosinophils Preferentially Use Bromide to Generate Halogenating Agents". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 264 (10): 5660-5668. ... and even some alcohols and a few ethers) to give bromide ions. The classic case is sodium bromide, which fully dissociates in ...

"Bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in the northwest Atlantic marine food web". ... Shaw, Susan (January 2010). "Halogenated Flame Retardants: Do the Fire Safety Benefits Justify the Risks?". Reviews on ...

2-Trifluoroethyl vinyl ether, an inhaled drug introduced clinically under the tradename Fluoromar, features a vinyl ether of ... Diphenyl Disulfide and Methyl Phenyl Sulfoxide". Organic Syntheses. 80: 184. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.080.0184. Taber RL (1998). " ... Halogenated solvents, Primary alcohols, GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators, Glycine receptor agonists, Sedatives, ...

One prominent application of synthetic organobromine compounds is the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers as fire-retardants ... Like other halogenated pesticides, bromoxynil is subject to reductive dehalogenation under anaerobic conditions, and can be ... Other fire retardants, such as hexabromocyclododecane and the bromodiphenyl ethers, are additives and are not chemically ... Organobromine compounds such as 4-bromomethcathinone have appeared on the designer drug market alongside other halogenated ...

Schecter A, Päpke O, Tung KC, Joseph J, Harris TR, Dahlgren J (March 2005). "Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in ... Atashgahi, S; Shetty, SA; Smidt, H; de Vos, WM (2018). "Flux, Impact, and Fate of Halogenated Xenobiotic Compounds in the Gut ...

"Dissolved Organophosphate Esters and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Remote Marine Environments: Arctic Surface Water ... Non-halogenated OPEs are effective mainly in the solid phase of burning materials. Upon exposure to heat the phosphorus ... Laboratory experiments had shown that the non-halogenated OPEs are prone to photolysis, but the chlorinated OPEs such as TCEP ... The chlorinated OPEs (TCEP, TCIPP, TDCIPP) in urban sampling sites and non-halogenated like TBOEP in rural areas respectively ...

The first two halogenated ethers were methoxyflurane and enflurane. These in turn were replaced by the current standards of ... Scott C. C., Chen K. K. (1946). "The action of 1,1-diphenyl-1 (Dimethylaminoisopropyl) butanone-2, a potent analgesic agent". ... In the sixties the halogenated ethers superseded Halothane due to the rare, but significant side effects of cardiac arrhythmias ... Long later removed a second tumor from Venable, again under ether anesthesia. He went on to employ ether as a general ...

The exo product is characterized with dipolarophile substituents being cis to the ether bridge of the oxacycle. The endo ... trans-isomers are more reactive (trans-stilbene will add diphenyl(nitrile imide) 27 times faster than cis-stilbene) because ... Martin, Charles W.; Lund, Paul R.; Rapp, Erich; Landgrebe, John A. (1978). "Halogenated carbonyl ylides in the reactions of ... The reaction with methyl propargyl ether affords one regioisomer resulting from the HOMOdipolarophile-LUMOdipole interaction, ...