Drosophila circadian rhythm
In 2001, Young and his team demonstrated that glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) ortholog shaggy (SGG) is an enzyme that ... As PER is translated in the cytoplasm, it is actively phosphorylated by DBT (casein kinase 1ε) and casein kinase 2 (synthesised ... 125 (3): 557-578. doi:10.1093/genetics/125.3.557. PMC 1204083. PMID 2116357. Rutila, J.E.; Suri, V.; Le, M.; So, W.V.; Rosbash ... 3 (Suppl): 1-13. Kyriacou, C.P.; Hall, J.C. (1980). "Circadian rhythm mutations in Drosophila melanogaster affect short-term ...
Proadifen
... believed to be caused by mediation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSK-3β). In the same study administration of proadifen was ... It is also an inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS), CYP-dependent (cytochrome P450-dependent) arachidonate ... Jendželovský R, Koval J, Mikeš J, Papčová Z, Plšíková J, Fedoročko P (September 2012). "Inhibition of GSK-3β reverses the pro- ... demonstrated to produce time- and dose-dependent phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage. ...
Casein kinase 1 isoform epsilon
Another functional homolog, the Drosophila gene for glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), called shaggy and abbreviated sgg, codes ... The protein encoded by the casein kinase 1 epsilon gene is a serine/threonine protein kinase and a member of the casein kinase ... After priming through phosphorylation by the serine/threonine kinase LATS, both casein kinase 1 epsilon and casein kinase 1 ... kinase activity in vivo. Casein kinase 1 epsilon and casein kinase 1 delta have been implicated in increasing β-catenin's ...
AXIN2
... glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta, and conductin, which leads to the degradation of beta-catenin. The AXIN proteins attract ... "The ankyrin repeat protein Diversin recruits Casein kinase Iε to the β-catenin degradation complex and acts in both canonical ... 58 (3): 225-36. doi:10.1136/jcp.2003.009506. PMC 1770611. PMID 15735151. von Kries JP, Winbeck G, Asbrand C, Schwarz-Romond T, ... 55 (3): 341-4. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5650. PMID 10049590. "Entrez Gene: AXIN2 axin 2 (conductin, axil)". Wang W, Liu P, ...
Restriction point
Akt inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), thereby preventing GSK3β -mediated phosphorylation and subsequent degradation ... Cyclin D-bound Cdks 4 and 6 are activated by Cdk-activating kinase and drive the cell towards the restriction point. Cyclin D, ... MAPK Signaling Cascade The binding of extracellular growth factors to their receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) triggers a ... which can subsequently recruit other signaling proteins to the plasma membrane and trigger signaling kinase cascades. RTK- ...
Ceramide-activated protein phosphatase
The effects of ceramide on insulin-stimulated glycogen synthase kinase 3β phosphorylation were abolished with PP1 inhibitors, ... CAPP involvement has been implicated in glycogen metabolism, apoptotic pathways related to cancer and other cellular pathways ... Endocrinology, 148(3), 1359-66. Groves, Hanlon, Turowski, Hemmings, & Barford. (1999). The Structure of the Protein Phosphatase ... TNFα mediates its effects through a ceramide-activated PP1 which blocks insulin phosphorylation cascades involved in glycogen ...
Mir-19 microRNA precursor family
... stretch up-regulates microRNA-26a and induces human airway smooth muscle hypertrophy by suppressing glycogen synthase kinase-3β ... Moreover, the Rb family members deletion led to compensatory up-regulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21Cip1. ... Its targets are: * Bim (Bcl2L11) gene * AMP-activated kinase (Prkaa1) gene * E2F1 gene * the tumour suppressor phosphatases ... It has been showing that the 3' UTR of the ATXN1 gene contains 3 target sites for miR-19, and this microRNA shows moderate down ...
Ketamine
... deactivation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3), and inhibition of the phosphorylation of the eukaryotic elongation factor 2 ... eEF2) kinase. In addition to blockade of the NMDA receptor, the active metabolite of ketamine hydroxynorketamine, which does ... and activation of its signaling receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin ... 3 (10): 552-556. doi:10.12968/jpar.2011.3.10.552. Karlow N, Schlaepfer CH, Stoll CR, Doering M, Carpenter CR, Colditz GA, et al ...
TMEM44
GSK3B (Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta), KAT6B (Histone acetyltransferase KAT6B/Histone acetyltransferase MYST4), TMEM31 ( ... TMEM44 gene is located near the end of the long arm of chromosome 3 (3q29) in humans (Homo sapiens). TMEM44 is 428 amino acids ... Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Genes on human chromosome 3). ...
CD97
... lateral cell-cell contacts and regulates the localization and degradation of β-catenin through glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK ... 184 (3): 1185-9. doi:10.1084/jem.184.3.1185. PMC 2192782. PMID 9064337. Wang T, Ward Y, Tian L, Lake R, Guedez L, Stetler- ... GSK-3β, inhibited in some cancer, regulates the stability of β-catenin in cytoplasm and subsequently, cytosolic β-catenin moves ... 188 (3): 1442-50. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1003944. PMID 22210915. Wobus M, Vogel B, Schmücking E, Hamann J, Aust G (Dec 2004). "N- ...
MARK1
Yang SD, Yu JS, Shiah SG, Huang JJ (1994). "Protein kinase FA/glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha after heparin potentiation ... differences in vitro between the mitogen-activated protein kinases ERK2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and P38, and glycogen synthase ... 2005). "LKB1 is a master kinase that activates 13 kinases of the AMPK subfamily, including MARK/PAR-1". EMBO J. 23 (4): 833-43 ... 2003). "MARKK, a Ste20-like kinase, activates the polarity-inducing kinase MARK/PAR-1". EMBO J. 22 (19): 5090-101. doi:10.1093/ ...
DNM1L
"Human dynamin-like protein interacts with the glycogen synthase kinase 3beta". Biochemical and Biophysical Research ... Rasmussen RK, Rusak J, Price G, Robinson PJ, Simpson RJ, Dorow DS (October 1998). "Mixed-lineage kinase 2-SH3 domain binds ... There are 3 mouse and 6 human isoforms of Drp1, including a brain-specific variant. Drp1 exists as homooligomers and its ... 314 (3): 766-72. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.172. PMID 14741701. Lee YJ, Jeong SY, Karbowski M, Smith CL, Youle RJ (November ...
AKT2
OH kinase-dependent regulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 and protein kinase B/AKT by the integrin-linked kinase". Proc. ... "Inhibition of insulin-induced activation of Akt by a kinase-deficient mutant of the epsilon isozyme of protein kinase C." J. ... AKT2, also known as RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AKT2 gene. It ... Walker KS, Deak M, Paterson A, Hudson K, Cohen P, Alessi DR (1998). "Activation of protein kinase B beta and gamma isoforms by ...
Collapsin response mediator protein family
Studies suggest that glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5 (Cdk5) are highly expressed in ... Rho-kinase subsequently phosphorylates CRMP-2 on Threonine-555 (Thr555). In DRG neurons, CRMP-2 is phosphorylated by Rho kinase ... revealing the presence of both Rho kinase-dependent and Rho kinase-independent pathways for the growth cone collapse. In RhoA ... In both cases, phosphorylation of CRMP-2 at Thr-555 by Rho kinase or at Thr-509, Thr-514 or Ser-518 by GSK-3β inactivates the ...
SGK3
Fang X, Yu SX, Lu Y, Bast RC, Woodgett JR, Mills GB (2000). "Phosphorylation and inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 by ... "Human serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase-like kinase (SGKL) phosphorylates glycogen syntheses kinase 3 beta (GSK-3beta) ... "Human serum and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase-like kinase (SGKL) phosphorylates glycogen syntheses kinase 3 beta (GSK-3beta) ... Ali A, Hoeflich KP, Woodgett JR (2002). "Glycogen synthase kinase-3: properties, functions, and regulation". Chem. Rev. 101 (8 ...
ILKAP
... this protein may selectively affect the signaling process of ILK-mediated glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3beta), and thus ... Integrin-linked kinase-associated serine/threonine phosphatase 2C is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ILKAP gene. The ... This protein can interact with integrin-linked kinase (ILK/ILK1), a regulator of integrin mediated signaling, and regulate the ... ILKAP has been shown to interact with Integrin-linked kinase. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000132323 - Ensembl, May 2017 ...
PDK2
... protein kinase B)/glycogen synthase kinase-3 signaling pathway via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase". Journal of Immunology. 163 ( ... Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoform 2 (PDK2) also known as pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 2, mitochondrial ... "PDH activation during in vitro muscle contractions in PDH kinase 2 knockout mice: effect of PDH kinase 1 compensation". ... "Structure of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. Novel folding pattern for a serine protein kinase". The Journal of Biological ...
PRKAR2A
"A-kinase anchoring protein AKAP220 binds to glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta ) and mediates protein kinase A-dependent ... "Phosphorylation of the type-II regulatory subunit of cyclic-AMP-dependent protein kinase by glycogen synthase kinase 3 and ... glycogen synthase kinase 5". European Journal of Biochemistry. 127 (3): 473-81. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1982.tb06896.x. PMID ... cAMP exerts its effects by activating the cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase, more commonly called Protein Kinase A (PKA), which ...
List of MeSH codes (D08)
... glycogen synthase kinases MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500 - glycogen synthase kinase 3 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682. ... map kinase kinase kinase 1 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.559.200 - map kinase kinase kinase 2 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682. ... map kinase kinase kinase 4 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.559.500 - map kinase kinase kinase 5 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682. ... cyclin-dependent kinase 6 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.625 - glycogen synthase kinase 3 MeSH D08.811.913.696.620.682. ...
Ninein
"Cloning and characterization of a novel human ninein protein that interacts with the glycogen synthase kinase 3beta". Biochim ... 1492 (2-3): 513-6. doi:10.1016/S0167-4781(00)00127-5. PMID 11004522. Hong YR, Chen CH, Chuo MH, Liou SY, Howng SL (Feb 2001). " ... 41 (3): 551-8. doi:10.1002/1529-0131(199803)41:3. 3.0.CO;2-X. PMID 9506584. Nagase T, Kikuno R, Nakayama M, et al. (2001). " ... 566 (1-3): 162-8. doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2004.04.024. PMID 15147888. Stillwell EE, Zhou J, Joshi HC (2006). "Human ninein is a ...
List of MeSH codes (D12.644)
... glycogen synthase kinases MeSH D12.644.360.300.500 - glycogen synthase kinase 3 MeSH D12.644.360.325 - gtp-binding protein ... map kinase kinase kinase 1 MeSH D12.644.360.400.200 - map kinase kinase kinase 2 MeSH D12.644.360.400.300 - map kinase kinase ... map kinase kinase 1 MeSH D12.644.360.440.200 - map kinase kinase 2 MeSH D12.644.360.440.300 - map kinase kinase 3 MeSH D12.644. ... map kinase kinase 4 MeSH D12.644.360.440.500 - map kinase kinase 5 MeSH D12.644.360.440.600 - map kinase kinase 6 MeSH D12.644. ...
Biochemical cascade
Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3) and thus formation of β-catenin destruction complex. Although there is some controversy about the ... Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase/Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase) regulates gene transcription through successive kinase ... Protein Kinase B). This kinase is involved in cell survival and inhibition of apoptosis, cellular growth and maintenance of ... which leads to the binding of Syk/Zap-70 kinases to ITAM and its activation. Syk kinase is specific of lymphocytes B and Zap-70 ...
AMP-activated protein kinase
... and it inhibits glycogen synthesis through inhibitory phosphorylation of glycogen synthase. In the liver, AMPK inhibits ... liver kinase B1 (LKB1), which works in a complex with STRAD and MO25, Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase II-( ... "AMP-activated protein kinase kinase activity and phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase in contracting muscle of ... 5' AMP-activated protein kinase or AMPK or 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase is an enzyme (EC 2.7.11.31) that ...
Kelch-like protein 1
2007). "KLHL1/MRP2 mediates neurite outgrowth in a glycogen synthase kinase 3beta-dependent manner". Mol. Cell. Biol. 26 (22): ... 145 (3): 841-50. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.12.046. PMID 17289272. S2CID 20055866. Seng S, Avraham HK, Jiang S, et al. ( ...
RELA
A couple of other kinases are also able to phosphorylate RELA at different conditions, including glycogen-synthase kinase-3β ( ... TANK-binding kinase-1 (TBK1) and TRAF2-associated kinase (T2K)). The fact that RELA can be modified by a collection of kinases ... while serine 536 is phosphorylated by IκB kinases (IKKs). In response to DNA damage, ribosomal subunit kinase-1 (RSK1) also has ... Phosphorylation of serine 311 by protein kinase C zeta type (PKCζ) serves the same purpose. Two residues in the TAD region are ...
AKT1
OH kinase-dependent regulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3 and protein kinase B/AKT by the integrin-linked kinase". Proc. ... "Regulation of protein kinase B/Akt-serine 473 phosphorylation by integrin-linked kinase: critical roles for kinase activity and ... Chan TO, Rittenhouse SE, Tsichlis PN (2000). "AKT/PKB and other D3 phosphoinositide-regulated kinases: kinase activation by ... "Complex formation and cooperation of protein kinase C theta and Akt1/protein kinase B alpha in the NF-kappa B transactivation ...
Protein kinase N1
"Sequential phosphorylation of Tau by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and protein kinase A at Thr212 and Ser214 generates the ... This kinase is activated by Rho family of small G proteins and may mediate the Rho-dependent signaling pathway. This kinase can ... "Cloning and expression patterns of two members of a novel protein-kinase-C-related kinase family". Eur. J. Biochem. 227 (1-2): ... docking site is required for the phosphorylation of protein kinase Czeta (PKCzeta ) and PKC-related kinase 2 by PDK1". J. Biol ...
Beta-secretase 2
"In vitro phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain of the amyloid precursor protein by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta". Journal ... "Neuron-specific phosphorylation of Alzheimer's beta-amyloid precursor protein by cyclin-dependent kinase 5". Journal of ... 14 (3): 365-377. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2011.06.018. ISSN 1932-7420. PMID 21907142. He X, Chang WP, Koelsch G, Tang J (Jul 2002). " ... 1501 (2-3): 125-37. doi:10.1016/s0925-4439(00)00014-4. PMID 10838186. Farzan M, Schnitzler CE, Vasilieva N, Leung D, Choe H ( ...
Insulin receptor
PKB also phosphorylates and inhibits glycogen synthase kinase, which is an enzyme that inhibits glycogen synthase. Therefore, ... PKB then phosphorylates several target proteins, including glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3). GSK-3 is responsible for ... and prevented from deactivating glycogen synthase. In this roundabout manner, insulin increases glycogen synthesis. Once an ... glycogen synthase. When GSK-3 is phosphorylated, it is deactivated, ...
Tau-protein kinase
... glycogen synthase kinase-3beta, GSK, protein tau kinase, STK31, tau kinase, [tau-protein] kinase, tau-protein kinase I, tau- ... purification and crystallization of human tau-protein kinase I/glycogen synthase kinase-3beta". Acta Crystallogr. D. 56 (Pt 11 ... "Characterization of tau phosphorylation in glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and cyclin dependent kinase-5 activator (p23) ... protein kinase II, tau-tubulin kinase, TPK, TPK I, TPK II, and TTK. As of late 2007, 3 structures have been solved for this ...
Cholinergic neuron
It should also be noted that memantine is able to inhibit the truncation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (triggered by activated ... 68 (3): 209-45. doi:10.1016/S0301-0082(02)00079-5. PMID 12450488. S2CID 53151403. Fu AL, Li Q, Dong ZH, Huang SJ, Wang YX, Sun ... 368 (3): 258-62. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2004.05.116. PMID 15364407. S2CID 23038763. Nunes-Tavares N, Santos LE, Stutz B, Brito- ...