... for their fundamental contributions to our understanding of molecular motors 1994 Robert G. Roeder and Robert Tjian, for their ... in recognition of his pioneering discoveries of molecular pathways and biological functions of protein degradation by autophagy ... for founding modern eukaryotic genetics 1984 Donald D. Brown and Robert L. Letsinger, for their seminal work on development ... for their pioneering work in the field of protein-mediated protein folding 2006 Mary F. Lyon, Davor Solter and Azim Surani, for ...

Certain motor proteins were originally designated as MAPs before it was found that they utilized ATP hydrolysis to transport ... These two proteins are high molecular weight. They bind to microtubules through charge interactions, a different mechanism to ... TIP MAPs are motor proteins such as kinesin, dyneins, and other MAPs. MAP1a (MAP1A) and MAP1b (MAP1B) are the two major members ... Another member of this family is MAP1S, which has a low molecular-weight. MAP1S has been found to regulate cell division and ...

... a molecular motor organized in muscle thick filaments) binds in order to generate force. When calcium becomes bound to specific ... Troponin is found in both skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle, but the specific versions of troponin differ between types of ... Calcium-binding protein Troponin C Troponin I Troponin T PDB: 1J1E​; Takeda S, Yamashita A, Maeda K, Maeda Y (2003). "Structure ... Both proteins are now widely used to diagnose acute myocardial infarction (AMI), unstable angina, post-surgery myocardium ...

The molecular biology of hair cells has seen considerable progress in recent years, with the identification of the motor ... The key adaptation mechanism comes from a motor protein myosin-1c that allows slow adaptation, provides tension to sensitize ... The first method, found only in non-mammals, uses electrical resonance in the basolateral membrane of the hair cell. The ... Additionally, the sonic hedgehog protein has been shown to block activity of the retinoblastoma protein, thereby inducing cell ...

As SMN protein generally promotes the survival of motor neurons, mutations in SMN1 results in slow degeneration motor neurons ... DNA methylation was found to be a factor in increasing the likelihood of acquiring myasthenia gravis, albeit this topic has not ... Human Molecular Genetics. 12 (19): 2481-9. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddg256. PMID 12915451. Tsai LK, Tsai MS, Lin TB, Hwu WL, Li H ( ... Spinal muscular atrophy is linked to genetic mutations in the SMN1 (Survival of Motor Neuron 1) gene. The SMN protein is widely ...

The flagella of certain bacteria constitute a molecular motor requiring the interaction of about 40 different protein parts. ... In fact, the composition of flagella is surprisingly diverse across bacteria with many proteins only found in some species but ... The court found that "Professor Behe's claim for irreducible complexity has been refuted in peer-reviewed research papers and ... But I can find out no such case." Darwin's theory of evolution challenges the teleological argument by postulating an ...

Furthermore, membrane proteins that play an important role in the synthesis, transport, and homeostasis of cholesterol in the ... It is one of 80 institutes in the Max Planck Society (Max Planck Gesellschaft). The Institute was originally founded by Max ... Rabinbach, Anson (1992). The Human Motor: Energy, Fatigue, and the Origins of Modernity. University of California Press. ISBN ... The main focus is on the key proteins that control the division of chromosomes during mitosis, a process that separates sister ...

... it is known that it contains some form of molecular motor. When a microtubule connects with the kinetochore, the motor ... Motor proteins then push the centrosomes along these microtubules to opposite sides of the cell. Although centrosomes help ... Endoreduplication is found in many species and appears to be a normal part of development. Endomitosis is a variant of ... Moreover, researchers have found that if rounding is heavily suppressed it may result in spindle defects, primarily pole ...

Constriction may be in part the result of the twisting activity of dynamin, which makes dynamin the only molecular motor known ... Thoms S, Erdmann R (October 2005). "Dynamin-related proteins and Pex11 proteins in peroxisome division and proliferation". The ... Mutations in Dynamin II have been found to cause dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Epileptic encephalopathy- ... Dynamin is part of the "dynamin superfamily", which includes classical dynamins, dynamin-like proteins, Mx proteins, OPA1, ...

Through a mechanism not yet fully understood, cAMP influences other proteins such as protein kinase A to drive molecular motors ... Fish melanophores and iridophores have been found to contain the smooth muscle regulatory proteins [calponin] and caldesmon. ... forms complexes with molecular motors on organelles". Current Biology. 14 (20): 1877-81. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2004.10.003. PMID ... It is found primarily in red blood cells (erythrocytes), which are generated in bone marrow throughout the life of an organism ...

... he was in particular interested in a protein that emanated from the motor neuron, agrin. With the aid of agrin-knockout mice, ... He is currently a professor of Molecular and Cellular Biology at Harvard University. Professor Sanes' early research focused on ... made in the field of neuroscience earlier in his career were the signals discovered in the extracellular matrix that were found ... Sanes has been a part of hundreds of published papers involving the study of synapses from molecular and embryological ...

... and proteins), enzymes, and molecular motors.[clarify] When a microscopic machine (e.g. a MEM) performs useful work it ... These relations are the most prominent ones within a class of exact results (some of which found even earlier and then ... For example, biomolecules within cells are coupled with an active bath due to the presence of molecular motors within the ... By comparing probability distributions for the work spent in the original process with the time-reversed one, Crooks found a " ...

Domain motions are important for: ABC transporters catalysis cellular locomotion and motor proteins formation of protein ... "Structural domains in proteins and their role in the dynamics of protein function". Progress in Biophysics and Molecular ... A study by Hayward found that the termini of α-helices and β-sheets form hinges in a large number of cases. Many hinges were ... Proteins. 78 (6): 1339-75. doi:10.1002/prot.22654. PMC 2841229. PMID 20099310. Howard J (2001). Mechanics of motor proteins and ...

... said environment and with mechanical properties of isolated molecules or interaction of proteins that make up molecular motors ... which sight I found mightily diverting" in a letter. Prior to this, Brownian motion of particles and organelles within living ... The sharp tip can be used to probe single molecular events and image live cells. The relative deformation of the cell and the ... Herzog, Walter (2009), "Molecular and Cellular Biomechanics", in Binder, Marc D.; Hirokawa, Nobutaka; Windhorst, Uwe (eds.), ...

... "hnRNP-G promotes exon 7 inclusion of survival motor neuron (SMN) via direct interaction with Htra2-beta1". Human Molecular ... a novel relative of SAM68 that interacts with an RNA-binding protein implicated in spermatogenesis". Human Molecular Genetics. ... Pseudogenes of this gene, found on chromosomes 1, 4, 9, 11, and 6, were likely derived by retrotransposition from the original ... and other hnRNP G proteins interact with Tra2beta and affect splicing". Human Molecular Genetics. 9 (5): 685-94. doi:10.1093/ ...

He joined the Salk Institute in 1970, where he founded the department of molecular neurobiology, which soon became known as one ... He did pioneering work in the subject of motor neurons and the neuromuscular junction. He remained at Salk until his retirement ... Heinemann's work included identifying the key structural elements of the receptor proteins that allow them to recognize signal ... He was an early researcher in the field of molecular neuroscience, contributing to the current knowledge of how nerves ...

This process is propelled by motor proteins such as dynein. Motor proteins connect the transport vesicles to microtubules and ... Small membrane bound vesicles responsible for transporting proteins from one organelle to another are commonly found in ... Eukaryotic cells transport packets of components to particular intracellular locations by attaching them to molecular motors ... Transport by multiple-motor proteins Kinesin Adaptor protein Leelamine Dynactin MCOLN2 KIF6, KIF5A, involved in intracellular ...

... and other molecular motor proteins G protein and other proteins involved in signal transduction Helicases for unwinding DNA and ... Similar sequences are found in many other nucleotide-binding proteins. To allow for interaction with this class of enzymes, ATP ... a molecular dynamics simulation of Escherichia coli adenylate kinase complexed with its substrates". Proteins. 58 (1): 88-100. ... A model for a catalytic transition state". Journal of Molecular Biology. 224 (1): 159-77. doi:10.2210/pdb1ake/pdb. PMID 1548697 ...

2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Molecular Systems Biology. 3 (1): 89. ... Myosin VI, being a motor protein, focuses its interactions by moving along actin filaments. This however does not limit its ... MYO6 has also been found to be involved in many events in spermiogenesis in numerous different creatures. In common fruit flies ... Unconventional myosin-VI, is a protein that in humans is coded for by MYO6. Unconventional myosin-VI is a myosin molecular ...

... as in actin filaments and the flagellar motor, image). The process by which MAs are formed has been termed molecular self- ... Such complexes in cell nucleus are called ribonucleoproteins (RNPs). DNA-protein complexes: nucleosome. Protein-lipid complexes ... Macromolecules are found in living and nonliving things, and are composed of many hundreds or thousands of atoms held together ... June 2004). "A structural perspective on protein-protein interactions". Current Opinion in Structural Biology. 14 (3): 313-324 ...

The expression of the protein has been found to be significantly lower in schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disorder, but the ... towards an integration of molecular and morphologic aspects of the neurodevelopmental hypothesis". Molecular Psychiatry. 8 (9 ... Useful spontaneous mutations were first identified by scientists who were interested in motor behavior, and it proved ... Reduced reelin mRNA prefrontal expression in schizophrenia was found to be the most statistically relevant disturbance found in ...

As a post-doc in 1991, Tim Yen identified CENP-E, the first mitotic motor protein and found to be essential for progression ... and Associated DNA-dependent Protein Kinase Activity". Molecular Biology of the Cell. 9 (9): 2361-2374. doi:10.1091/mbc.9.9. ... He remained at the University to earn his MA in biochemistry in 1981, and his PhD in molecular biology in 1985. Yen worked as a ... Protein architecture of the human kinetochore microtubule attachment site. Cell. 2009 May 15;137(4):672-84. According to Google ...

In spinal motor neurons TDP-43 has also been shown in humans to be a low molecular weight neurofilament (hNFL) mRNA-binding ... recent work suggests the amyloid fibrils found in human FTLD-TDP brains are composed of transmembrane lysosomal protein ... TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43, transactive response DNA binding protein 43 kDa) is a protein that in humans is encoded by ... "TDP43 is a human low molecular weight neurofilament (hNFL) mRNA-binding protein". Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences. 35 (2 ...

Dyneins, one of the three major classes of motor protein, are AAA proteins which couple their ATPase activity to molecular ... Members of the AAA family are found in all organisms and they are essential for many cellular functions. They are involved in ... These proteins produce a molecular motor that couples ATP binding and hydrolysis to changes in conformational states that can ... The basic recognition of proteins by AAAs is thought to occur through unfolded protein domains in the substrate protein. In ...

Since 2003, Vale has focused on dynein, a motor protein discovered by Ian R. Gibbons in 1965. Although its discovery occurred ... He founded ASAPbio (Accelerating Science and Publication in Biology) in 2015, promoting the use of preprints and an open and ... In 1989, Vale, with Jonathan Howard and A. James Hudspeth developed a single molecular assay for kinesin. In 1991, he ... In 1985, Vale, Sheetz and Reese isolated the dominant motor protein in the cytosol, naming it "kinesin." They showed that ...

These transcription factors contain the homeobox protein-binding DNA motif, also found in other toolkit genes, and create the ... Another process, gastrulation of the embryo, is driven by Myosin II molecular motors, which are not conserved across species. ... Derelle, R.; Lopez, P.; Le Guyader, H.; Manuel, M. (2007). "Homeodomain proteins belong to the ancestral molecular toolkit of ... The proteins from these in turn control the pair-rule genes, which in the next stage set up 7 bands across the embryo's long ...

ATP/GTP binding protein 1 is gene that encodes the protein known as cytosolic carboxypeptidase 1 (CCP1), originally named NNA1 ... receptor at the level of molecular and granule cell layers. The residual presence of AMPA receptors in the molecular layer ... Harris A, Morgan JI, Pecot M, Soumare A, Osborne A, Soares HD (2000). "Regenerating motor neurons express Nna1, a novel ATP/GTP ... The results are more variable when 5HT content per cerebellum is considered, increases being found only in older (9 and 15 ...

Culotta eventually joined the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology where she found that copper chaperones have ... evolved to ferry copper ions to specific copper-containing proteins. As such, her discovery was implicated in certain motor ... She then completed her PhD in 1987 at Johns Hopkins University and her postdoctoral training in molecular biology at the ... Valeria Cizewski Culotta is an American molecular biologist. Culotta was born and raised in Maryland, where she graduated from ...

In motor neurons, the most well-grounded marker of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP-43 ... Yamashita T, Kwak S (July 2019). "Cell death cascade and molecular therapy in ADAR2-deficient motor neurons of ALS". ... ADAR and ADARB1 are found in many tissues in the body while ADARB2 is only found in the brain. ADAR and ADARB1 are known to be ... This protein is specific for dsRNA and does not require ATP. It became evident this protein's activity on dsRNA modifies it ...

In molecular biology, the hexon protein is a major coat protein found in adenoviruses. Hexon coat proteins are synthesised ... Some hexon proteins contain a distinct C-terminal domain. Hexon directly recruits the cellular motor protein dynein in a pH- ... The dynein-regulatory protein, dynactin, was found to play a clear role in regulating the dynein-adenovirus complex transport ... the major coat protein of adenovirus type 2, at 2.9 A resolution". Journal of Molecular Biology. 242 (4): 430-55. doi:10.1006/ ...

At the base of the bacterial flagellum, where it enters the cell membrane, a motor protein acts as a rotary engine. The engine ... These plants are found especially in open plain environments. The most well-known of these include Kali tragus (also known as ... Molecular biologist Robin Holliday has written that the absence of biological wheels argues against creationist or intelligent ... doi:10.1080/00785326.1972.10430106.(Subscription required.) Oster, George; Wang, Hongyun (March 2003). "Rotary Protein Motors ...