Elucidation of the interactions between the eukaryotic ribosome and initiation factors at an atomic level is essential for a ... However, structural information on the eukaryotic initiation factors and their interactions with the ribosome is limited and ... In eukaryotes, the canonical initiation pathway requires at least 12 protein initiation factors, some of which are themselves ... "Crystal structure of the eukaryotic 40S ribosomal subunit in complex with initiation factor 1". Science. 331 (6018): 730-736. ...
Accurate initiation of transcription from eukaryotic protein-encoding genes requires the assembly of a large multiprotein ... "Involvement of negative cofactor NC2 in active repression by zinc finger-homeodomain transcription factor AREB6". Molecular and ... Transcriptional repression is a general mechanism for regulating transcriptional initiation in organisms ranging from yeast to ... "Entrez Gene: DRAP1 DR1-associated protein 1 (negative cofactor 2 alpha)". Iratni R, Yan YT, Chen C, Ding J, Zhang Y, Price SM, ...
The assembly and stability of the RNA polymerase II transcription pre-initiation complex on a eukaryotic core promoter involve ... "E2A basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factors are negatively regulated by serum growth factors and by the Id3 protein". ... 2006). "Transcription Factor IIA tau is associated with undifferentiated cells and its gene expression is repressed in primary ... 2006). "Regulatory factor interactions and somatic silencing of the germ cell-specific ALF gene". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (45): ...
In the second theory two proteins compete for the IRE binding site-both IRP and eukaryotic Initiation Factor 4F (eIF4F). In the ... absence of iron IRP binds about 10 times more avidly than the initiation factor. However, when Iron interacts at the IRE, it ... Amar J. Majmundar; Waihay J. Wong & M. Celeste Simon (October 2010). "Hypoxia-inducible factors and the response to hypoxic ... EPAS1 encodes a transcription factor involved in complex oxygen sensing pathways by the induction of oxygen regulated genes ...
"Structure of cDNAs encoding human eukaryotic initiation factor 3 subunits. Possible roles in RNA binding and macromolecular ... June 1999). "The Bcl-3 oncoprotein acts as a bridging factor between NF-kappaB/Rel and nuclear co-regulators". Oncogene. 18 (22 ... June 1999). "The Bcl-3 oncoprotein acts as a bridging factor between NF-kappaB/Rel and nuclear co-regulators". Oncogene. 18 (22 ... It is also known to be a coactivator that increases the specificity of JUN/AP1 transcription factors. COP9 constitutive ...
Leaderless initiation can occur when the complete 70S ribosome binds initiation factors and fMet-tRNAs, but on mRNAs that lack ... They exploit the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation mechanisms to selectively inhibit protein synthesis ... Prokaryotic initiation factors Prokaryotic elongation factors Farabaugh PJ (August 1978). "Sequence of the lacI gene". Nature. ... initiation factors, and initiator fMet-tRNA bind to the mRNA to form the pre-initiation complex, which then recruits the 50S ...
... that are involved in the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The hexameric protein complex formed by MCM proteins is a ... DNA replication licensing factor MCM2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCM2 gene. The protein encoded by this gene ... Jiang W, McDonald D, Hope TJ, Hunter T (1999). "Mammalian Cdc7-Dbf4 protein kinase complex is essential for initiation of DNA ... Burke TW, Cook JG, Asano M, Nevins JR (2001). "Replication factors MCM2 and ORC1 interact with the histone acetyltransferase ...
... that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The hexameric protein complex formed by MCM proteins is ... DNA replication licensing factor MCM4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCM4 gene. The protein encoded by this gene ... "The human homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mcm10 interacts with replication factors and dissociates from nuclease-resistant ... 235 (1-2): 144-51. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.00144.x. PMID 8631321. Ishimi Y, Ichinose S, Omori A, Sato K, Kimura H (1996 ...
... that are involved in the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The hexameric protein complex formed by MCM proteins is a ... DNA replication licensing factor MCM3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCM3 gene. The protein encoded by this gene ... The acetylation of this protein inhibits the initiation of DNA replication and cell cycle progression. MCM3 has been shown to ... Fujita M, Ishimi Y, Nakamura H, Kiyono T, Tsurumi T (March 2002). "Nuclear organization of DNA replication initiation proteins ...
... that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The hexameric protein complex formed by the MCM ... DNA replication licensing factor MCM8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCM8 gene. The protein encoded by this gene ... 31 (2): 570-9. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg136. PMC 140502. PMID 12527764. "Entrez Gene: MCM8 MCM8 minichromosome maintenance deficient ...
... that are essential for the initiation of eukaryotic genome replication. The hexameric protein complex formed by the MCM ... assembly/targeting factor interacts physically with the MCM7 DNA licensing factor". FEBS Lett. 484 (1): 17-21. doi:10.1016/ ... DNA replication licensing factor MCM7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCM7 gene. The protein encoded by this gene ... Fujita M, Ishimi Y, Nakamura H, Kiyono T, Tsurumi T (March 2002). "Nuclear organization of DNA replication initiation proteins ...
... eukaryotic initiation factor-2b MeSH D12.776.476.325.300.300 - guanine nucleotide-releasing factor 2 MeSH D12.776.476.325. ... eukaryotic initiation factor-5 MeSH D12.776.476.325.150.500 - ras gtpase-activating proteins MeSH D12.776.476.325.150.500.460 ... stat6 transcription factor MeSH D12.776.476.024.500.500 - tnf receptor-associated factor 1 MeSH D12.776.476.024.500.750 - tnf ... tnf receptor-associated factor 3 MeSH D12.776.476.024.500.937 - tnf receptor-associated factor 5 MeSH D12.776.476.024.500.968 ...
TAV function depends on its association with polysomes and eukaryotic initiation factor eIF3. ORF I - P1: movement protein ( ... These two factors seriously limit the size of DNA insert clonable in CaMV. The bacterial dihydrofolate reductase DHFR gene has ... The differences in behavior are probably due to differences in quality and/or quantity of regulatory factors. Recent study has ... Sep 2001). "A plant viral reinitiation factor interacts with the host translational machinery". Cell. 106 (6): 723-33. doi: ...
A sigma factorfactor or specificity factor) is a protein needed for initiation of transcription in bacteria. It is a ... It is homologous to archaeal transcription factor B and to eukaryotic factor TFIIB. The specific sigma factor used to initiate ... Sigma factors in E. coli: σ70(RpoD) - σA - the "housekeeping" sigma factor or also called as primary sigma factor (Group 1), ... The number of sigma factors varies between bacterial species. E. coli has seven sigma factors. Sigma factors are distinguished ...
Prichard, P.M.; Gilbert, J.M.; Shafritz, D.A.; Anderson, W.F.: Factors for the initiation of haemoglobin synthesis by rabbit ... It was later learned that these factors also initiated protein synthesis in essentially all eukaryotic systems. In order to ... He set out to discover protein synthesis initiation factors in mammals. His first major accomplishment, in 1970, was the ... Chem, 2006 May 1; 78(9) 3084-9 Zhao, Y., Zhan, Y., Burke, K.A., Anderson, W. F.: Soluble factor(s) from bone marrow cells can ...
Initiation factors in eukaryotic protein synthesis. Sue Golding Graduate Division of Medical Sciences, Albert Einstein College ... Nuclear factor-kappaB modulates regulatory T cell development by directly regulating expression of Foxp3 transcription factor. ... Handbook of transcription factor NF-kappaB. CRC Press, 2007. ISBN 0849327946. Seeley, J.J., Baker, R.G., Mohamed, G., Bruns, T ... Ghosh is best known for his pioneering research on the activation of cellular responses via NF-κB, a transcription factor that ...
... holoenzyme with transcription factors and RNA polymerase II bound to the promoter forms the eukaryotic transcription initiation ... Chromatin structure-oriented factors are more complex than for initiation control. Often the chromatin-altering factor becomes ... Essential Initiation Factors Binds to the Activation Domain of PAR Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor Thyroid Embryonic Factor ... General transcription factors (GTFs) or basal transcription factors are protein transcription factors that have been shown to ...
Heng HH, Xiao H, Shi XM, Greenblatt J, Tsui LC (May 1994). "Genes encoding general initiation factors for RNA polymerase II ... Tang H, Sun X, Reinberg D, Ebright RH (1996). "Protein-protein interactions in eukaryotic transcription initiation: structure ... "Roles for both the RAP30 and RAP74 subunits of transcription factor IIF in transcription initiation and elongation by RNA ... "Structure and associated DNA-helicase activity of a general transcription initiation factor that binds to RNA polymerase II". ...
EIF4B is known as eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B and is needed to bind mRNAs to ribosomes as well as assist with ... There are hundreds of possible transcription factor binding sites that can be found on the promoter sequence of KIAA2013. Here ... This system is made up of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2) as well as the various ligands and enzymes that interact ... The gene contains 3 exons, 2 introns, and is 6,838 base pairs long. There are two alternate splice variants. One retains a ...
Transcription initiation by eukaryotic RNA polymerase II involves the following GTFs: TFIIA - stabilizes the interaction ... General transcription factors (GTFs), also known as basal transcriptional factors, are a class of protein transcription factors ... In bacteria, transcription initiation requires an RNA polymerase and a single GTF: sigma factor. In archaea and eukaryotes, ... Roeder, Robert G. (September 1996). "The role of general initiation factors in transcription by RNA polymerase II". Trends in ...
... is a highly conserved six subunit protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. ... ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors ... Jiang W, McDonald D, Hope TJ, Hunter T (1999). "Mammalian Cdc7-Dbf4 protein kinase complex is essential for initiation of DNA ... doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00079-2. ISSN 0022-2836. PMID 12614612. Vashee, S; Simancek P; Challberg M D; Kelly T J (Jul 2001). " ...
... is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. ... ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors ... It also interacts with CDC45L and MCM10, which are proteins known to be important for the initiation of DNA replication. This ... Jiang W, McDonald D, Hope TJ, Hunter T (1999). "Mammalian Cdc7-Dbf4 protein kinase complex is essential for initiation of DNA ...
... is a highly conserved six subunit protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. ... ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors ... Jiang W, McDonald D, Hope TJ, Hunter T (Oct 1999). "Mammalian Cdc7-Dbf4 protein kinase complex is essential for initiation of ... Maruyama K, Sugano S (Jan 1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with ...
... is a highly conserved six subunit protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. ... ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors ... Jiang W, McDonald D, Hope TJ, Hunter T (Oct 1999). "Mammalian Cdc7-Dbf4 protein kinase complex is essential for initiation of ... Maruyama K, Sugano S (Jan 1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with ...
... is a highly conserved six subunits protein complex essential for the initiation of the DNA replication in eukaryotic cells. ... ORC binds specifically to origins of replication and serves as a platform for the assembly of additional initiation factors ... Maruyama K, Sugano S (Jan 1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with ... 200 (1-2): 149-56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149. Springer J, Nanda I, Hoehn K, Schmid M, Grummt F (2000). " ...
The TATA box is the binding site of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and other transcription factors in some eukaryotic genes. ... Akhtar W, Veenstra GJ (1 January 2011). "TBP-related factors: a paradigm of diversity in transcription initiation". Cell & ... Krishnamurthy S, Hampsey M (February 2009). "Eukaryotic transcription initiation". Current Biology. 19 (4): R153-6. doi:10.1016 ... Other factors must stimulate the BTC to increase transcription levels. One such example of a BTC stimulating region of DNA is ...
TBP is a subunit of the eukaryotic general transcription factor TFIID. TFIID is the first protein to bind to DNA during the ... Akhtar W, Veenstra GJ (1 January 2011). "TBP-related factors: a paradigm of diversity in transcription initiation". Cell & ... Tang H, Sun X, Reinberg D, Ebright RH (February 1996). "Protein-protein interactions in eukaryotic transcription initiation: ... TBP is a member of a small gene family of TBP-related factors. The first TBP-related factor (TRF/TRF1) was identified in the ...
... factor B (TFB), and Archaeal transcription factor E (TFE) that are homologous to eukaryotic TBP, TFIIB, ... The RNAP undergoes "abortive initiation": it makes and releases many short (2-15nt) segments before generating a transcript of ... A number of elongation factors help with the rate and processivity of the RNAP. Factors of the Spt4/Spt5 family (bacterial ... The transcript cleavage factor TFS (a TFIIS homolog) helps resolve this issue by generating a cut so that a new 3' end is ...
These IRESs still use the eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) eIF2, eIF3, eIF5, and eIF5B, but do not require the factors eIF1 ... Interaction between these two eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) of the eIF4F complex is necessary for 40S ribosomal subunit ... In eukaryotic translation, initiation typically occurs at the 5' end of mRNA molecules, since 5' cap recognition is required ... Ribosome binding site Ribosome shunting Pelletier J, Sonenberg N (July 1988). "Internal initiation of translation of eukaryotic ...
... it also prevents the dissociation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E protein (eIF4E) from 4Ebinding protein 1. These pathways ... Angiogenesis is stimulated by many growth factors, the most prevalent of which is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). ... 181 (2): 106-15. doi:10.1164/rccm.200904-0631OC. PMID 19875687. (Webarchive template wayback links, Angiogenesis inhibitors). ... and p53 while downregulating Bcl-2. The addition of tumstatin induced the release of cytochrome c by decreasing the ...