In immunology, cryptic self epitopes are a source of autoimmunity. Self epitopes, which are found in high concentration on the ... However, self epitopes which appear in very low concentration on APC are termed cryptic in the sense that they do not delete ... Lanzavecchia, A (1995). "How can cryptic epitopes trigger autoimmunity?". J. Exp. Med. 181 (6): 1945-8. doi:10.1084/jem.181.6. ... are known as dominant epitopes. These are stimulants of negative selection mechanisms to remove potentially self destructing ...
The epitopes of protein antigens are divided into two categories, conformational epitopes and linear epitopes, based on their ... A database of B-cell epitopes SYFPEITHI - First online database of T cell epitopes IEDB - Database of T and B cell epitopes ... To find epitopes to use for the vaccine, in silico mapping is often used. Once candidate epitopes are found, the constructs are ... 90% of epitopes are conformational. T cell epitopes are presented on the surface of an antigen-presenting cell, where they are ...
In immunology, a linear epitope (also sequential epitope) is an epitope-a binding site on an antigen-that is recognized by ... Such segments are called epitopes. Likewise, it is only the paratope of the antibody that comes in contact with the epitope. ... Therefore, antibodies that recognize linear epitopes instead of conformational epitopes are chosen for immunodetection. In ... Conformational epitope Polyclonal B cell response Goldsby, Richard; Kindt, TJ; Osborne, BA; Janis Kuby (2003). "Antigens ( ...
These are known as linear epitopes. Antigen Linear epitope Epitope mapping, finding (on an antigen protein) the epitope(s) for ... Such segments are called epitopes. Likewise, it is only the paratope of the receptor that comes in contact with the epitope. ... In immunology, a conformational epitope is a sequence of sub-units (usually amino acids) composing an antigen that come in ... a new method to predict conformational epitopes using phage display peptide sequences (Articles with short description, Short ...
Linear epitopes are formed by a continuous sequence of amino acids in a protein. Conformational epitopes epitopes are formed by ... especially for conformational epitopes. Biology portal Epitope binning DeLisser, HM (1999). "Epitope mapping". Adhesion Protein ... In immunology, epitope mapping is the process of experimentally identifying the binding site, or epitope, of an antibody on its ... HDX epitope mapping has also been demonstrated to be the effective method to rapidly supply complete information for epitope ...
... is referenced in the literature under different names such as epitope mapping and epitope characterization. ... Epitope Binning is used in the discovery and development of new therapeutics, vaccines, and diagnostics. Autoimmunity Epitope ... Epitope binning is a competitive immunoassay used to characterize and then sort a library of monoclonal antibodies against a ... Closely related binning profiles indicate that the antibodies have the same or a closely related epitope and are "binned" ...
... which contains a collection of tools to predict and analyze epitopes. Immune Epitope Database IEDB Analysis Resource La Jolla ... The Immune Epitope Database and Analysis Resource (IEDB) is a project hosted by scientists at the La Jolla Institute for ... In addition, epitopes from other infectious agents, allergens and autoantigens are being curated. The database also contains ... The IEDB contains data related to antibody and T cell epitopes for humans, non-human primates, rodents, and other animal ...
"Galactosylated Fucose Epitopes in Nematodes". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 287 (34): 28276-28290. doi:10.1074/jbc. ... polygyrus Elicits a Dominant Nonprotective Antibody Response Directed against Restricted Glycan and Peptide Epitopes". The ...
In MHC class I and class II molecules, only certain epitopes of an internalized peptide can be presented. These epitopes are ... The internalized antigen is digested into smaller peptides containing epitopes, which are then presented to T cells by the MHC ...
The specific region an antibody recognizes on an antigen is called an epitope. There have been efforts in epitope mapping since ... If the topology of a cell membrane has yet to be determined, epitope insertion into proteins can be used in conjunction with ... The primary antibody recognizes the target molecule (antigen) and binds to a specific region called the epitope. This is ... Ladner RC (2007-01-01). "Mapping the epitopes of antibodies". Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering Reviews. 24 (1): 1-30. ...
Characterisation of twelve surface epitopes". Biochemistry and Molecular Biology International. 46 (5): 1027-1041. doi:10.1080/ ...
Fussell H, Thomas M, Street J, Darke C (1996). "HLA-A9 antibodies and epitopes". Tissue Antigens. 47 (4): 307-12. doi:10.1111/j ...
However, IgE antibodies against the α-Gal epitope should be taken into account in the diagnosis of milk and meat allergy. It is ... Much later, both xylose and core α1,3-fucose were revealed as heart pieces of two independent glycan epitopes for rabbit IgG. ... Still, because of the two possible epitopes and the different carrier structures, the plural CCDs is in frequent use even ... 1993). "Fucose alpha 1,3-linked to the core region of glycoprotein N-glycans creates an important epitope for IgE from honeybee ...
Dominant epitopes of the alpha 2 helix". J. Immunol. 149 (11): 3563-8. PMID 1385528. Marsh, S. G.; Albert, E. D.; Bodmer, W. F ...
Dominant epitopes of the alpha 2 helix". J. Immunol. 149 (11): 3563-8. PMID 1385528. Marsh, S. G.; Albert, E. D.; Bodmer, W. F ...
Antibody binding subsequently spread to other epitopes. The similarity and cross-reactivity between the initial targets of nRNP ... and Sm autoantibodies identifies a likely commonality in cause and a focal point for intermolecular epitope spreading. Elevated ...
Three steps occur leading to creation of peptide subunit vaccine; Epitope recognition Epitope optimization Peptide immunity ... Lindskog M, Rockberg J, Uhlén M, Sterky F (May 2005). "Selection of protein epitopes for antibody production". BioTechniques. ...
Epitopes that are not targeted or targeted to a lower degree during an immune response are known as subdominant epitopes. The ... The immunodominant epitope will be a BCR that has a particular 'goldilocks' amount of affinity for its epitope determined by ... If subdominant epitopes are introduced without the dominant epitope, the immune response will be focused to that subdominant ... Meanwhile, if the dominant epitope is introduced with the subdominant epitope, the immune response will be directed against the ...
Sun J, Kudahl UJ, Simon C, Cao Z, Reinherz EL, Brusic V (2014). "Large-Scale Analysis of B-Cell Epitopes on Influenza Virus ... There are also tools which are used for T and B cell epitope mapping, proteasomal cleavage site prediction, and TAP- peptide ... Saha S, Bhasin M, Raghava GP (2005). "Bcipep: a database of B-cell epitopes". BMC Genomics. 6 (1): 79. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-6- ... Ali M, Pandey RK, Khatoon N, Narula A, Mishra A, Prajapati VK (2017). "Exploring dengue genome to construct a multi-epitope ...
The simplest approach is to rapidly change non-essential epitopes (amino acids and/or sugars) on the surface of the pathogen, ... Saha S, Bhasin M, Raghava GP (2005). "Bcipep: a database of B-cell epitopes". BMC Genomics. 6: 79. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-6-79. ... A publicly accessible database has been established for the cataloguing of epitopes from pathogens known to be recognizable by ... Söllner J, Mayer B (2006). "Machine learning approaches for prediction of linear B-cell epitopes on proteins". Journal of ...
DRB1*01:01 and most DR4 have in common a 'shared epitope'. In this hypothesis a common region of the beta chain, positions 67 ... Morel PA, Erlich HA, Fathman CG (1988). "A new look at the shared epitope hypothesis". Am. J. Med. 85 (6A): 20-22. doi:10.1016/ ... Gorman JD, David-Vaudey E, Pai M, Lum RF, Criswell LA (2004). "Particular HLA-DRB1 shared epitope genotypes are strongly ... 2007). "Association of DRB1 shared epitope genotypes with early mortality in rheumatoid arthritis: results of eighteen years of ...
Sette co-leads the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB), an NIAID-funded online database that catalogues epitopes involved in immune ... greatly facilitating epitope classification, characterization and understanding the basic rules of epitope-MHC interactions. ... Sette is using epitopes as specific probes to define the understanding of immune responses to many different targets, from ... In 2020, Sette published the first study of SARS-CoV-2 epitopes targeted by the human immune system. He has co-led research ...
"The shared epitope hypothesis. An approach to understanding the molecular genetics of susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis". ...
Gregersen PK, Silver J, Winchester RJ (November 1987). "The shared epitope hypothesis. An approach to understanding the ... "Shared Epitope" alleles Family history of RA Poor functional status Socioeconomic factors Elevated acute phase response ( ... "A gene-environment interaction between smoking and shared epitope genes in HLA-DR provides a high risk of seropositive ...
July 2000). "Crystal structure of the allergen Equ c 1. A dimeric lipocalin with restricted IgE-reactive epitopes". The Journal ...
Y. and Honavar, V. (2014). Building Classifier Ensembles for B-Cell Epitope Prediction. In: De, R.K. and Tomar, N. (Ed). ... El-Manzalawy, Y. and Honavar, V. (2010). Recent Advances in B-Cell Epitope Prediction Methods. Immunome Research Suppl. 2:S2. ... 85-98 El-Manzalawy, Yasser; Dobbs, Drena; Honavar, Vasant G. (2017). "In Silico Prediction of Linear B-Cell Epitopes on ... El-Manzalawy, Y., Dobbs, D., and Honavar, V. (2008). Predicting Flexible Length Linear B-cell Epitopes, 7th International ...
The word itself is an analogy to epitopes. Docking theory of olfaction Vibration theory of olfaction "The scent of life. The ...
At least four IgE epitopes have been identified. Three other egg white proteins are also identified as allergenic: ovalbumin ( ... "Specificity of IgE antibodies to sequential epitopes of hen's egg ovomucoid as a marker for persistence of egg allergy". ...
Neutralizing antibodies target epitopes on the receptor-binding domain. Most COVID-19 vaccine development efforts in response ... Its extensive glycosylation can serve as a glycan shield that hides epitopes from the immune system. Due to the outbreak of ... Antibodies to the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins have been identified that target epitopes on the receptor-binding ... facilitating development of antibodies against epitopes exposed in this conformation. According to a study published in January ...
Some IgE-inducing epitopes cause hypersensitivity reactions after vaccination in humans due to the overlap with IgG epitopes in ... The whole peptide vaccine is to mimic the epitope of an antigen, so epitope design is the most important stage of vaccine ... The followings are the points to consider when designing the epitope: The non-dominant epitope could generate a stronger immune ... Peptide-based synthetic vaccines (epitope vaccines) are subunit vaccines made from peptides. The peptides mimic the epitopes of ...