Endothelium-derived relaxing factor
EDRF is produced from L-arginine by an enzyme (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) that is dependant on calcium-calmodulin and ... The Endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) is a strong vasodilator produced by cardiac endothelial cells in response to ... "Endothelium Derived Relaxing Factor - an overview , ScienceDirect Topics". www.sciencedirect.com. Retrieved 2023-01-21. Bauer, ... Vanhoutte, P.-M.; Boulanger, C.-M.; Mombouli, J.-V. (1995-11-24). "Endothelium-derived relaxing factors and converting enzyme ...
Kynurenine
"Kynurenine is an endothelium-derived relaxing factor produced during inflammation". Nature Medicine. 16 (3): 279-85. doi: ... "Aryl hydrocarbon receptor negatively regulates dendritic cell immunogenicity via a kynurenine-dependent mechanism". Proceedings ...
List of MeSH codes (D27)
... endothelium-dependent relaxing factors MeSH D27.505.954.427 - central nervous system agents MeSH D27.505.954.427.010 - ... immunologic factors MeSH D27.505.696.477.136 - agglutinins MeSH D27.505.696.477.136.377 - hemagglutinins MeSH D27.505.696.477. ...
Ulrich Förstermann
... endothelium-derived relaxing factor), the identification of the enzymes "nitric oxide synthase" (EC 1.14.13.39) and the ... Ulrich Förstermann's key research contributed to the understanding of endothelium-dependent relaxation of blood vessels ( ...
Epoxygenase
... arteries suggesting that the dihydroxy metabolites may act as vascular endothelium-derived Endothelium-derived relaxing factors ... the eSH-dependent metabolism of these eoxide, 7,8-, 10,11-, and 13,14-dihydroxy-docosatrienoic acids relaxes pre-contracted ... and CYP2C9-dependent NSAID metabolism as a risk factor for gastrointestinal bleeding: Is a combination of pharmacogenomics and ... such as the pore-forming leukotoxin family of RTX toxin virulence factor proteins secreted by gram-negative bacteria, e.g. ...
Mesangial cell
... of mesangial cells is dependent on cell membrane permeability to calcium ions and relaxation is mediated by paracrine factors, ... The mesangium is exposed to macromolecules from the capillary lumen as they are separated only by fenestrated endothelium ... Mesangial cells can contract and relax to regulate capillary flow. This is regulated by vasoactive substances. Contraction ... The transcription factor for PDGFRβ, Tbx18, is crucial for the development of mesangial cells. Without Tbx18 the development of ...
Joe Collier (clinical pharmacologist)
They subsequently showed that the occurrence was mediated by what they called endothelium-derived relaxing factor, later found ... In 1987, he set out with Patrick Vallance to investigate whether human blood vessels demonstrated endothelium-dependent ... "Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide Contributes to the Regulation of Venous Tone in Humans". Circulation. 101 (2): 165-170. doi: ... Zawadzki after discovering that a large blood vessel would not relax when its single-layered inner most lining was removed. ...
Patrick Vallance
... and Zawadzki subsequently showed that the occurrence was mediated by what they called endothelium-derived relaxing factor, ... In 1987, with Joe Collier, he set out to investigate whether human blood vessels demonstrated endothelium-dependent relaxation ... "Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide Contributes to the Regulation of Venous Tone in Humans". Circulation. 101 (2): 165-170. doi: ... Zawadzki after discovering that a large blood vessel would not relax when its single-layered inner most lining was removed. ...
Relaxin
In ex vivo experiments using subcutaneous resistance arteries, relaxin has shown to be a powerful endothelium-dependent ... It also relaxes other pelvic ligaments in the lower reproductive tract. In males, relaxin enhances motility of sperm in semen. ... It is possible that relaxin in the placenta could be a contributing factor to inducing labour in humans and therefore serum ... Relaxin has been shown to relax vascular smooth muscle cells and increase nitric oxide production in rat endothelial cells, ...
Exhaled nitric oxide
In 1987, experiments with coronary arteries showed that nitric oxide was the long sought endothelium-derived relaxing factor. ... The fraction of eNO is also flow-dependent (higher at lower flow rates and vice versa), so measurements are normally measured ... It has also been noted that factors other than inflammation can increase eNO levels, for example airway acidity. The fraction ... agents that relax the blood vessels). eNO has also been associated with wheeze, rhinitis and nasal allergy in primary school ...
Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor
Endothelium-derived relaxing factor Luksha L, Agewall S, Kublickiene K (February 2009). "Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing ... The mechanism(s) of endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (i.e., EDHF-mediated relaxation) seems to be heterogeneous ... the term of endothelium-derived hyperpolarising factor should represent a mechanism rather than a specific factor. ... increased evidence for the role of another endothelium-derived vasodilator known as endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor ...
Vascular resistance
Cholinergic stimulation causes release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) (later it was discovered that EDRF was ... Because adenosine acts as a direct vasodilator, it is not dependent on an intact endothelium to cause vasodilation.[citation ... are vasodilatory when the endothelium is intact and are vasoconstrictive when the endothelium is damaged.[citation needed] ... There are many factors that alter the vascular resistance. Vascular compliance is determined by the muscle tone in the smooth ...
Nitric oxide synthase
NO produced by eNOS has been shown to be a vasodilator identical to the endothelium-derived relaxing factor produced in ... The gene coding for eNOS is located on Chromosome 7. A constitutive Ca2+ dependent NOS provides a basal release of NO. eNOS ... It is synthesized by many cell types in response to cytokines and is an important factor in the response of the body to attack ... This dilates blood vessels by relaxing smooth muscle in their linings. eNOS is the primary controller of smooth muscle tone. NO ...
Platelet
"Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor". Nature. 327 (6122): 524-526 ... Dubois C, Panicot-Dubois L, Merrill-Skoloff G, Furie B, Furie BC (May 2006). "Glycoprotein VI-dependent and -independent ... fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor 1, platelet-derived epidermal growth factor, and vascular endothelial ... Alpha granules contain clotting mediators such as factor V, factor VIII, fibrinogen, fibronectin, platelet-derived growth ...
Gasotransmitter
The research emerged in 1980 when NO was first known as the 'endothelium-derived relaxing factor' (EDRF). The identity of EDRF ... "Hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide are mutually dependent in the regulation of angiogenesis and endothelium-dependent ... The endothelium (inner lining) of blood vessels uses NO to signal the surrounding smooth muscle to relax, thus resulting in ... as a single signal or by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) along with a second signal. On the other hand, transforming growth factor- ...
Endothelial dysfunction
Endothelial activation Nitric oxide endothelial nitric oxide synthase Prostacyclin Endothelium-derived relaxing factor ... Since NO maintains low tone and high compliance of the small arteries at rest, a reduction of age-dependent small artery ... In vascular diseases, endothelial dysfunction is a systemic pathological state of the endothelium. Along with acting as a semi- ... Botts SR, Fish JE, Howe KL (December 2021). "Dysfunctional Vascular Endothelium as a Driver of Atherosclerosis: Emerging ...
Prostacyclin receptor
This action involves IP's ability to relax vascular smooth muscle and is considered to be one of the fundamental functions of ... It is found throughout the vascular network on endothelium and smooth muscle cells. Standard prostanoids have the following ... and Giβγ-dependent pathways. In certain cells, activation of IP also stimulates G12/G13-Gβγ G proteins to activate the Rho ... PKC/Ca2+/Calcineurin/Nuclear factor of activated T-cells; and EGF cellular receptors; and c) Gi alpha subunit-Giβγ) complexes ...
12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
... and in cooperation with Tumor necrosis factor alpha or Platelet-activating factor, to release their granule-bound enzymes; c) ... This antagonistic activity was responsible for the ability of 12(S)-HETE and 12(R)-HETE to relax mouse mesenteric arteries pre- ... 12-oxo-ETE is metabolised by cytosolic NADH-dependent 12-oxoeicosinoid Δ10-reductase to 12-oxo-5Z,8Z,14Z-eicosatrienoic acid ( ... vascular endothelium) involved in inflammation, the pro-inflammatory actions of 12-HETE in humans may involve both types of G ...
Biological functions of nitric oxide
... initiate the L-arginine-dependent killing mechanism in IFN-gamma-stimulated macrophages by induction of tumor necrosis factor- ... It relaxes vascular smooth muscle by binding to the heme moiety of cytosolic guanylate cyclase, activating guanylate cyclase ... and leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. Humans with atherosclerosis, diabetes, or hypertension often show impaired NO ... as a single signal or by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) along with a second signal. On the other hand, transforming growth factor- ...
Amrinone
A reduced release of endothelium derived relaxing factor (EDRF) causes a decrease in the stimulation of guanylate cyclase, and ... which contributes to the contraction of myocytes by phosphorylation through cAMP dependent protein kinase A (PKA) and Ca2+ ...
Louis Ignarro
Endothelium-derived relaxing factor produced and released from artery and vein is nitric oxide. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84: ... Rapid nitric oxidemediated S-nitrosylation of estrogen receptor: Regulation of estrogen-dependent gene transcription. Proc. ... In 1984 he realized that the properties of nitric oxide were the same as those seen in the endothelium derived relaxing factor ... Endothelium-derived relaxing factor from pulmonary artery and vein possesses pharmacological and chemical properties that are ...
Nitroglycerin (medication)
... also called endothelium-derived relaxing factor, before the structure of NO as the responsible agent was known. This led to the ... by heme-dependent mechanisms; this activation results in formation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) from guanosine ... triphosphate (GTP). Among other roles, cGMP serves as a substrate for a cGMP-dependent protein kinase that activates myosin ...
Myogenic mechanism
Alternatively when the smooth muscle in the blood vessel relaxes, the ion channels close, resulting in vasodilation of the ... voltage-dependent) Ca2+ channels, thus raising the cytosolic concentration of Ca2+ leading to a contraction of the myocyte, and ... as it positions a vessel in a preconstricted state that allows other factors to induce additional constriction or dilation to ... this may involve other channels in the endothelia.[citation needed] Many cells have resting membrane potentials that are ...
Passive smoking
"Passive Smoking and Impaired Endothelium-Dependent Arterial Dilatation in Healthy Young Adults". New England Journal of ... Lung cancer: Passive smoking is a risk factor for lung cancer. In the United States, secondhand smoke is estimated to cause ... now is no time to relax". Archives of Disease in Childhood. 102 (2): 117-118. doi:10.1136/archdischild-2016-311652. PMID ... Of these deaths, an estimated 10% to 15% were caused by factors other than first-hand smoking; equivalent to 16,000 to 24,000 ...
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
... which recruits lymphocytes into the tissue beneath the endothelium that subsequently release transforming growth factor beta, ... Cardiac output is dependent on stroke volume and heart rate. A significant portion (55-77%) of HFpEF patients are unable to ... Diastolic failure appears when the ventricle cannot be filled properly because it cannot relax because its wall is thick or ... There are particular factors unique to HFpEF that must be accounted for with therapy. Randomized clinical trials addressing the ...
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid
They are one type of Endothelium-Derived Hyperpolarizing Factor, i.e. a substance and/or electrical signal synthesized or ... Finally, 11,12-EET has been shown to relax the internal mammary artery in women, indicating that at least this EET has direct ... Sacerdoti D, Gatta A, McGiff JC (Oct 2003). "Role of cytochrome P450-dependent arachidonic acid metabolites in liver physiology ... and Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs). EDHFs include endothelin, angiotensin II, thromboxane A2, certain ...
Vasodilation
Directly relax the muscle in the walls of the blood vessels (especially the arterioles), allowing the vessel to dilate (widen ... The vasodilating action of activation of beta-2 receptors (such as by adrenaline) appears to be endothelium-independent. ... Other suggested vasodilators or vasodilating factors include: absence of high levels of environmental noise absence of high ... "Regulation of Na+-K+-ATPase by cAMP-dependent protein kinase anchored on membrane via its anchoring protein". American Journal ...
Lipoxin
In addition to this, lipoxin A4 display a CB1 receptor-dependent protective effect against β-amyloid-induced spatial memory ... LXA4 and 15-epi-LTA4 also act by mobilizing transcription factors that regulate expression of various inflammation-regulating ... LXA4 inhibits the-bronchial contracting action of LTC4 and relaxes pre-contracted bronchi in asthmatic individuals. Kaposi's ... and endothelium or skeletal muscle and neutrophils. The lipoxins commonly form as a consequence of stimulating the production ...
Erection
ISBN 0-393-32127-4) Sadeghipour H, Ghasemi M, Ebrahimi F, Dehpour AR (2007). "Effect of lithium on endothelium-dependent and ... Penile erection is the result of a complex interaction of psychological, neural, vascular, and endocrine factors, and is often ... The retractor muscle contracts to retract the penis into the sheath and relaxes to allow the penis to extend from the sheath. ... "Effect of chronic lithium administration on endothelium-dependent relaxation of rat corpus cavernosum: the role of nitric oxide ...
Calcium in biology
Both nitric oxide and hyperpolarization cause the smooth muscle to relax in order to regulate the amount of tone in blood ... An example a protein with calcium coordination is von Willebrand factor (vWF) which has an essential role in blood clot ... EDHF: spreading the influence of the endothelium. British Journal of Pharmacology. 164:3, 839-52. (2011). Hua Cai, David G. ... voltage-dependent, calcium-selective ion channels are important for synaptic transmission through the release of ...
Thrombus
... an enzyme needed to synthesize vitamin K dependent clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X. Bleeding time with heparin and warfarin ... Platelet activation occurs through injuries that damage the endothelium of the blood vessels, exposing the enzyme called factor ... Muscle Relaxing Drugs Can Reduce Lethal Blood Clots Archived 2009-02-04 at the Wayback Machine Air Pollution Triggers Blood ... Blood stasis promotes greater contact between platelets/coagulative factors with vascular endothelium. If rapid blood ...