Wilhelm Hofmeister
1. Dikotyledonen mit ursprünglich einzelligem, nur durch Zellentheilung wachsendem Endosperm. S. Hirzel, Leipzig, pp. 536-672. ...
Ovule
The endosperm is also called the albumen of the seed.[citation needed] the zygote then develops into a megasporophyte, which in ... The plant stores nutrients such as starch, proteins, and oils in the endosperm as a food source for the developing embryo and ... endosperm. This double fertilization is unique to flowering plants, although in some other groups the second sperm cell does ... endosperm tissue, which serves as nourishment for the young sporophyte. An integument is a protective layer of cells ...
Spherosome
Moreau, Robert A.; Liu, Kitty D. F.; Huang, Anthony H. C. (1980). "Spherosomes of Castor Bean Endosperm: Membrane Components, ... Spherosomes of some tissues (like tobacco endosperm, maize root tip, etc.) contain hydrolytic enzymes. Therefore, they are also ...
Dorstenia
Cellularization
The term syncytium cellularization is used for instance for a process of cell development in the endosperm of the Poaceae, e.g ... Syncytium cellularization occurs for instance in the embryonic development of animals and in endosperm development of plants. ... Journal Article The Dynamics of Transcript Abundance during Cellularization of Developing Barley Endosperm Runxuan Zhang, ... syncytial endosperm". Journal of Experimental Botany. 61 (3): 791-798. doi:10.1093/jxb/erp343. PMC 2814109. PMID 19933315.{{ ...
Synechanthus
The single seed has homogeneous endosperm and a centrally placed embryo. Synthechanthus palms are found in Mexico, Guatemala, ...
Trifolium occidentale
Parrott, W.A.; Smith, R.R. (1986). "Evidence for the existence of endosperm balance true clovers (Trifolium Spp.)" (PDF). ...
Alismataceae
The seeds have no endosperm and a curved or folded embryo. Under the APG III system, the Alismataceae includes three genera ...
Polyploidy
von Wangenheim KH, Peterson HP (June 2004). "Aberrant endosperm development in interploidy crosses reveals a timer of ... usually have aberrant endosperm development which impairs their viability, thus contributing to polyploid speciation. ...
Lois Lampe
For her doctoral dissertation, she wrote on the development of corn endosperm. Lampe was also a notable artist who contributed ... "Microchemical and Morphological Study of the Developing Endosperm of Maize" (June 1931). The Botanical Gazette. Lampe, Lois and ... Lampe, Lois (1931-06-01). "A Microchemical and Morphological Study of the Developing Endosperm of Maize". Botanical Gazette. 91 ...
Somatic embryogenesis
No endosperm or seed coat is formed around a somatic embryo. Cells derived from competent source tissue are cultured to form an ...
Grain drying
Stress-cracking is when fractures become present in the corn endosperm. Stress-cracked kernels often absorb water too quickly, ...
Acanthophoenix
The seed is round with homogeneous endosperm and a basal embryo. They are restricted to Mauritius and Réunion though the ...
Dactylorhiza majalis
The seed of this orchid contains no endosperm for the embryo. Therefore, germination can take place only by means of infection ...
Enriched flour
Once the endosperm is isolated, it is ground into a fine powder and sifted to remove any remaining fragments of bran or germ. ... The endosperm contains a large amount of carbohydrates, protein, iron, B vitamins (niacin and riboflavin), and soluble fiber. ... The remaining and largest portion of the seed is the endosperm. It acts as a nutrient reservoir for the developing embryo. ...
Roller milled white enriched flour
The endosperm's natural purpose (like all fruits) is to give nutrition to the germ in the form of starch when the seed is ... The white endosperm flour yield was enhanced by the addition of device known as the middlings purifier, which sent a blast of ... This is now a key step in the roller milling production of white endosperm flour. In contrast, whole grain milling systems that ... What remains is the endosperm, generally referred to as white flour. White flour is often artificially enriched to restore some ...
Double fertilization
The large cell of the gametophyte will then develop into the endosperm, a nutrient-rich tissue which provides nourishment to ... The two central cell maternal nuclei (polar nuclei) that contribute to the endosperm, arise by mitosis from the same single ... The maternal contribution to the genetic constitution of the triploid endosperm is double that of the sperm. In a study ... This differs from the angiosperm condition, which results in the separation of the egg cell and endosperm. Comparative ...
Flour
Cereal flour consists either of the endosperm, germ, and bran together (whole-grain flour) or of the endosperm alone (refined ... Cereal flour consists either of the endosperm, germ, and bran together (whole-grain flour) or of the endosperm alone (refined ... Corn starch is starch extracted from endosperm of the corn kernel. Glutinous rice flour or sticky rice flour is used in east ... Heat-processed flour is flour where the germ is first separated from the endosperm and bran, then processed with steam, dry ...
Sweet corn
After further investigation, Laughnan discovered that the endosperm of sh2 sweet corn kernels store less starch and from 4 to ... the endosperm develops from genes from both parents, and heterozygous kernels will be tough and starchy. The se and su alleles ... is a gene affecting endosperm starch metabolism". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (41): 20776-20785. doi: ... of a naturally occurring recessive mutation in the genes which control conversion of sugar to starch inside the endosperm of ...
Brewing
It consists primarily of grain husks, pericarp, and fragments of endosperm. As it mainly consists of carbohydrates and proteins ...
Mutation breeding
RD6 has a valuable glutinous endosperm). Thailand is the biggest exporter of aromatic rice in the world United Kingdom Golden ...
Carob
Then the endosperm and the embryo are separated for different uses. Few pests are known to cause severe damage in carob ... Locust bean gum is produced from the endosperm, which accounts for 42-46% of the carob seed, and is rich in galactomannans (88 ... of endosperm dry mass). Galactomannans are hydrophilic and swell in water. If galactomannans are mixed with other gelling ...
Ricin
... is synthesized in the endosperm of castor oil plant seeds. The ricin precursor protein is 576 amino acid residues in ...
Mollia (plant)
The embryo (inside the seed) is flat, endosperm copious and oily. The genus name of Mollia is in honour of Karl von Moll (1760- ...
Parasitic plant
Using the resources in the seed endosperm, the dodder can germinate. Once germinated, the plant has 6 days to find and ... Stem parasitic plants, unlike most root parasites, germinate using the resources inside their endosperms and can survive for ...
Reproductive isolation
There were signs of fertilization and even endosperm formation but subsequently this endosperm collapsed. This demonstrates ... The failure of endosperm development and its subsequent abortion has been observed in many interploidal crosses (that is, those ... The collapse of the endosperm, and the subsequent abortion of the hybrid embryo is one of the most common post-fertilization ... Brink, R.A.; Cooper, D.C. (1947), "The endosperm in seed development", The Botanical Review, 13 (9): 479-541, doi:10.1007/ ...
Syrian Desert campaign (December 2016-April 2017)
"Brigades rebels advancing in the sites (Daesh) east of the endosperm". All4Syria. 5 January 2017. "Free Syrian Army launches ...
Genomic imprinting
Unlike the embryo, the endosperm is often formed from the fusion of two maternal cells with a male gamete. This results in a ... separate fertilization event gives rise to the endosperm, an extraembryonic structure that nourishes the embryo in a manner ... "Widespread imprinting of transposable elements and variable genes in the maize endosperm". PLOS Genetics. 17 (4): e1009491. doi ...
Soybean
"Comparative Proteomical Analysis of Zygotic Embryo and Endosperm from Coffea arabica Seeds". J. Agric. Food Chem. 56 (22): ...
Semolina
... as well as making it possible to separate the endosperm into different grades because the inner part of the endosperm tends to ... As the wheat is fed into the mill, the rollers flake off the bran and germ while the starch (or endosperm) is cracked into ... Through sifting, these endosperm particles, the semolina, are separated from the bran. The semolina is then ground into flour. ... This greatly simplifies the process of separating the endosperm from the bran and germ, ...