Betaentomopoxvirus
Replication follows the DNA strand displacement model. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus ... triggering genomic DNA replication at approximately 100 minutes post-infection. Late phase: Late genes are expressed from 140 ... "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021. ... This virus particle matures into a brick-shaped intracellular mature virion (IMV). IMV virion can be released upon cell lysis, ...
African swine fever virus
... (ASFV) is a large, double-stranded DNA virus in the Asfarviridae family. It is the causative agent of ... infection is generally asymptomatic. This virus appears to have evolved around 1700 AD. This date is corroborated by the ... Viruses portal Veterinary virology Dixon; et al. (2008). "African Swine Fever Virus". Animal Viruses: Molecular Biology. ... It is the only virus with a double-stranded DNA genome known to be transmitted by arthropods. ASFV is a large (175-215 nm), ...
Feline infectious peritonitis
FCoV is a virus of the gastrointestinal tract. Most infections are either asymptomatic or cause diarrhea, especially in kittens ... "Adverse effects of feline IL-12 during DNA vaccination against feline infectious peritonitis virus". Journal of General ... The virus is a mutation of feline enteric coronavirus (FECV). From the gut, the virus very briefly undergoes a systemic phase, ... The virus is shed in feces, and cats become infected by ingesting or inhaling the virus, usually by sharing cat litter trays, ...
Toll-like receptor 9
This induces over-expression of TLR9 in tumor cells, contrary to the inhibitory early stages of infection. Epstein-Barr virus, ... TLR9 is expressed on endosomes internalized from the plasma membrane, binds DNA (preferentially DNA containing unmethylated ... within the endosomal compartments and functions to alert the immune system of viral and bacterial infections by binding to DNA ... Hepatitis B virus down-regulates the expression of TLR9 in pDCs and B cells, destroying the production of IFNα and IL-6. ...
Herpesviral meningitis
They may recur weekly or monthly for approximately 5 years following primary infection. Although DNA analysis techniques such ... Herpesviral encephalitis Tyler KL (2004). "Herpes simplex virus infections of the central nervous system: encephalitis and ... "Recurrent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Meningitis: A Case Report of Mollaret's Meningitis" (PDF). Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. July 2002 ... Herpesviral meningitis is meningitis associated with herpes simplex virus (HSV).[citation needed] HSV-2 is the most common ...
Sleeping Beauty transposon system
For either gene delivery or gene disruption, SB transposons combine the advantages of viruses and naked DNA. Viruses have been ... Simultaneously, cells have evolved major molecular defense mechanisms to protect themselves against viral infections. For some ... DNA transposons translocate from one DNA site to another in a simple, cut-and-paste manner (Fig. 1). Transposition is a precise ... DNA transposons precisely insert defined DNA sequences (Fig. 1) almost randomly into host genomes thereby increasing the ...
Vincent Fischetti
... started sequencing the DNA of phages from marine Bacilli several years ago. Some of the viruses she found induce the aquatic ... Acinetobacter infections, a frequent cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia and life-threatening blood or wound infections. ... He has been the editor-in-chief of Infection and Immunity for 10 years and Section Editor of J. of Immunology for 5 years. He ... "Viruses Are the Antibiotics of the Future". www.vice.com. 7 December 2017. Retrieved 2022-09-27. Vincent Fischetti, a professor ...
Julianna Lisziewicz
These complementary DNA pieces can bind to the HIV viral mRNA and prevent the HIV virus from replicating itself. The use of ... and they use the ribosomes of the cell they infected to make new viruses to propagate the infection throughout the body. ... bind up the viral RNA in retroviruses like HIV so that the virus could not make more copies of itself to continue the infection ... Small pieces of messenger RNA (or mRNA) carry a copy of the cell's DNA to the ribosomes where the mRNA directs the ribosomes to ...
Phycodnaviridae
... likely facilitated by a virus encoded DNA packaging ATPase. About 5-6 hours following PBCV-1 infection, the cytoplasm is filled ... siliculosus virus a Feldmannia irregularis virus a Feldmannia species virus Feldmannia species virus a Hincksia hinckiae virus ... This family belongs to a super-group of large viruses known as nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses. Evidence was published in ... PBCV-1 also encodes other proteins involved in DNA replication including an ATP-dependent DNA ligase, a type II DNA ...
DNA virus
"Varicella zoster virus infection". Nat Rev Dis Primers. 1: 15016. doi:10.1038/nrdp.2015.16. PMC 5381807. PMID 27188665. O'Leary ... DNA viruses constitute two Baltimore groups: Group I: double-stranded DNA viruses, and Group II: single-stranded DNA viruses. ... A DNA virus is a virus that has a genome made of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that is replicated by a DNA polymerase. They can ... viruses, and those that have one strand of DNA in their genome, called single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses. dsDNA viruses ...
CRISPR gene editing
Many viruses encode their genetic information in RNA rather than DNA that they repurpose to make new viruses. HIV and ... "Using CRISPR to combat viral infections: a new way to treat herpes?". PLOS Media. August 4, 2016 - via YouTube. National ... epigenetic editing involves modifying and presenting DNA sequences to proteins and other DNA binding factors that influence DNA ... It was able to eradicate viral DNA in the case of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Anti-herpesvirus CRISPRs have promising ...
Complementation (genetics)
Its use was key to defining most of the genes of the virus, and provided the foundation for the study of such fundamental ... In this case the test depends on mixed infections of host bacterial cells with two different bacteriophage mutant types. ... Meiosis is proposed to be adaptive because it facilitates recombinational repair of DNA damages that are otherwise difficult to ... Complementation tests can also be carried out with haploid eukaryotes such as fungi, with bacteria, and with viruses such as ...
Gary Nabel
A virus-like particle vaccine for epidemic Chikungunya virus protects nonhuman primates against infection. Nat. Med. 16(3):334- ... A DNA vaccine induces SARS coronavirus neutralization and protective immunity in mice. Nature 428(6982):561-564. Kong W-P, Hood ... Immunization for Ebola virus infection. Nature Med. 4(1):37-42. Sullivan N, Sanchez A, Rollin PE, Yang ZY, Nabel GJ. ... Development of a preventative vaccine for Ebola virus infection in primates. Nature 408(6812):605-609. Zhou T, Xu L, Dey B, ...
Leeuwenhoek Lecture
Killer T cells and virus infections 1998 George A.M. Cross, The genetics and cell biology of antigenic variation in ... 2004 David Sherratt, A bugs life 2003 Brian Spratt, Bacterial populations and bacterial disease 2002 Stephen West, DNA repair ... Is it a virus?". Proceedings of the Royal Society. 212 (1186): 35-51. Bibcode:1981RSPSB.212...35T. doi:10.1098/rspb.1981.0023. ... Tumour viruses and the sociology of fibroblasts". Proceedings of the Royal Society. 181 (1062): 1-17. Bibcode:1972RSPSB.181.... ...
Gammaherpesvirinae
The main stages in the lifecycle of Gamma herpes virus are namely • Virus attachment and entry • Viral DNA injection through ... Viruses that establish lifelong latent infections must ensure that the viral genome is maintained within the latently infected ... Attenuated virus mutants represent a promising approach towards gamma-herpesvirus infection control. Surprisingly, latency- ... Herpesviruses represent a group of double-stranded DNA viruses distributed widely within the animal kingdom. The family ...
High-performance Integrated Virtual Environment
... viruses, human germline and somatic profiles, quasispecies, infections, pathogens. Computations: Unlike many virtual computing ... and by DNA-HIVE, WHISE-Global and Embleema (commercial domain). HIVE currently operates fully functionally within the US FDA ... these include but are not limited to DNA-, RNA-, Transposon-, Chip-, Immune-sequencing), de novo assembly, population genomics ... hive.biochemistry.gwu.edu/dna.cgi?cmd=about (All articles with incomplete citations, Articles with incomplete citations from ...
Cervical screening
The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation has funded an eight-year study of a DNA test for the virus that causes cervical cancer. ... Most women will successfully clear HPV infections within 18 months. Those that have a prolonged infection with a high-risk type ... The screening process utilizes nucleic acid amplification testing to look for DNA or RNA of the virus present within cervical ... Molecular testing identifies an infection called human papillomavirus, or HPV. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a cause ...
Murine leukemia virus
Experiments have shown that it is possible to protect against Friend virus infection with several types of vaccines, including ... This DNA is somehow carried into the nucleus, where the integrase (IN) protein catalyzes its insertion into chromosomal DNA. ... The Friend virus (FV) is a strain of murine leukemia virus. The Friend virus has been used for both immunotherapy and vaccines ... The MLVs include both exogenous and endogenous viruses. Exogenous forms are transmitted as new infections from one host to ...
BZLF1
Wang'ondu et al.(2015). DNA Damage Signaling Is Induced in the Absence of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Lytic DNA Replication and in ... Epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus spontaneous lytic infection involves ERK1/2 and PI3-K/Akt signaling ... It has been shown to induce DNA damage response associated with the activation of EBV lytic cycle; the DNA damage response in ... is an immediate-early viral gene of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) of the Herpes Virus Family, which induces cancers and infects ...
Zeda Rosenberg
FASEB J. 5:2382-2390 (1991). Rosenberg, Z.F. and Fauci, A.S. Immunopathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection. In: ... proviral DNA. In: W. Hardy, Jr., M. Essex, and A.J. McClelland, eds., Feline Leukemia Virus, Elsevier North-Holland Inc., NY, ... Virology 115: 203-210 (1981). Koenig, S. and Rosenberg, Z.F. Immunology of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV ... 9: 1-4 (1988). Rosenberg, Z.F. and Fauci, A.S. Immunopathogenic mechanisms in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. ...
Potyvirus
"Detection of DNA and RNA plant viruses by PCR and RT-PCR using a rapid virus release protocol without tissue homogenization". ... How do you diagnose a virus infection in a plant? Archived 4 August 2012 at archive.today Thomson, Darelle; Dietzgen, Ralf G. ( ... Pleione virus Y Plum pox virus Pokeweed mosaic virus Potato virus A Potato virus V Potato virus Y Potato yellow blotch virus ... virus Y Apium virus Y Araujia mosaic virus Arracacha mottle virus Asparagus virus 1 Banana bract mosaic virus Barbacena virus Y ...
Drosophila quinaria species group
The D. innubila DNA nudivirus (DiNV) is similar to the D. melanogaster Kallithea virus. As such, comparisons between D. ... As such, Wolbachia infection in the population puts uninfected females at a mating disadvantage, as some proportion of their ... Drosophila innubila is also commonly infected by the double-stranded DNA virus Drosophila innubila nudivirus (DiNV), the ... melanogaster and D. innubila and their viruses promise to inform on the nature of host-virus interactions. The antimicrobial ...
Amanda Fisher
... contained within approximately 18kb of contiguous proviral DNA, were biologically active and generated cytopathic virus when ... dissecting the molecular function of each of the viral genes and for developing DNA-based diagnostic tests for HIV infection.[ ... Fisher's discoveries in HIV were extensive and critical for future research of the virus's characteristics. She produced the ... disrupts virus cytopathogenicity, and that sor (now called vif) is required for efficient cell to cell transmission of HIV ...
Viral envelope
Enveloped viruses can cause persistent infections.[citation needed] Vaccination against enveloped viruses can function by ... The following are some examples of enveloped virus species: DNA viruses Herpesviridae Poxviridae Hepadnaviridae Asfarviridae ... DNA viruses Adenoviruses Parvoviruses Polyomaviruses Anelloviruses RNA viruses Caliciviruses Picornaviruses Reoviruses ... All enveloped viruses also have a capsid, another protein layer, between the envelope and the genome. The virus wraps its ...
Neurological disorder
For example, it is thought that infection with the Hepatitis E virus, which is often initially asymptomatic may provoke ... Abugable AA, Morris JLM, Palminha NM, Zaksauskaite R, Ray S, El-Khamisy SF (Sep 2019). "DNA repair and neurological disease: ... Numerous examples have been described of neurological disorders that are associated with mutated DNA repair genes (for reviews ... Li Y, Peppelenbosch MP (April 2020). "Hepatitis E virus and neurological manifestations". Journal of the Neurological Sciences ...
Restriction modification system
Some viruses have evolved ways of subverting the restriction modification system, usually by modifying their own DNA, by adding ... This prevents infection by effectively destroying the foreign DNA introduced by an infectious agent (such as a bacteriophage). ... Research is on REases and ZFN that can cleave the DNA of various human viruses, including HSV-2, high-risk HPVs and HIV-1, with ... DUSSOIX D, ARBER W (1962). "Host specificity of DNA produced by Escherichia coli. II. Control over acceptance of DNA from ...
Viral phylodynamics
DNA viruses, such as herpes simplex virus, evolve orders of magnitude more slowly. These viruses have commensurately larger ... Human influenza is an acute respiratory infection primarily caused by viruses influenza A and influenza B. Influenza A viruses ... For example, the genetic diversity of the DNA-based hepatitis B virus declined in the Netherlands in the late 1990s, following ... Because of this, similar amounts of phylogenetic signal are likely to result from sequencing full genomes of RNA viruses, DNA ...
Seymour S. Cohen
Kresge, Nicole; Simoni, Robert D.; Hill, Robert L. (28 September 2007). "Novel Metabolic Pathways in Virus Infection: the Work ... He is known by his studies with marked of radioactive isotopes, whose results suggested an essential role of DNA in hereditary ... In the 1940s he worked on plant viruses and for the Rockefeller Institute. He was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1945. ... Olby, Robert (2013). The Path to the Double Helix: The Discovery of DNA. Courier Corporation. ISBN 9780486166599. Pegg, Anthony ...
Genomic library
Phage λ is a double-stranded DNA virus that infects E. coli. The λ chromosome is 48.5kb long and can carry inserts up to 25kb. ... while the genes required for formation of viral particles and infection remain intact. The insert DNA is replicated with the ... The DNA is stored in a population of identical vectors, each containing a different insert of DNA. In order to construct a ... Use the enzyme DNA ligase to seal the DNA fragments into the vector. This creates a large pool of recombinant molecules. These ...
Cytarabine
Cytosine arabinoside also inhibits both DNA and RNA polymerases and nucleotide reductase enzymes needed for DNA synthesis. ... However, cytarabine treatment was only effective for herpesvirus infection in a murine model.[citation needed] In mice, Ara-CTP ... Cytarabine is able to inhibit herpesvirus and vaccinia virus replication in cells during tissue culture. ... synthesis of DNA). Rapidly dividing cells, which require DNA replication for mitosis, are therefore most affected. ...
Drosophila innubila
The D. innubila DNA virus is similar to the D. melanogaster Kallithea virus. As such, comparisons between D. melanogaster and D ... Moreover, the D. innubila DNA nudivirus "DiNV" is a common viral infection amongst this species. It has been shown that certain ... innubila and their viruses promise to inform on the nature of host-virus interactions. In some mushroom-feeding Drosophila ... The presence of a Wolbachia infection can increase the fitness of a female fly by increasing her size and enhancing her ...
Varicella zoster virus
Similar to the herpes simplex viruses, after primary infection with VZV (chickenpox), the virus lies dormant in neurons, ... Davison AJ, Scott JE (September 1986). "The complete DNA sequence of varicella-zoster virus". The Journal of General Virology. ... VZV infections are species-specific to humans. The virus can survive in external environments for a few hours. VZV multiplies ... Primary varicella zoster virus infection results in chickenpox (varicella), which may result in complications including ...