It promotes the differentiation of progenitor cells into radial glia and affects the orientation of its fibers, which serve as ... nonsynonymous polymorphism Val997Leu of the gene was associated with left and right ventricular enlargement in patients. One ... This work went on to show that the lack of cell migration response in patient-derived cells were caused by the cell's inability ... Cajal cells, and Retzius cells. Reelin-expressing cells in the prenatal and early postnatal brain are predominantly found in ...
The result is that the conidium is differentiated from the whole cell. By comparison, in blastic conidiogenesis, enlargement ... hypothallus 1. (Of lichens) The first growth of the hyphae, before differentiation has taken place. Usually of a crustaceous ... Such cells having a rachis are called rachiform. From Gr. ráchis, axis, spine. racket cell A hyphal cell having a swelling at ... foot cell 1. A hyphal cell that supports a sporogenous cell or thallus, specifically the support of the conidiophore in ...
This occurs when individual cells or groups of cells grow longer. Not all plant cells will grow to the same length. When cells ... "an enlargement of our concept of 'structure' so as to include and recognise that in the living organism it is not merely a ... and which have not yet undergone cellular differentiation to form a specialised tissue, begin to grow as the tip of a new root ... within cells) or outside cells in intercellular (extracellular) spaces. Intracellular freezing usually kills the cell ...
... causing continuous activation of lymphocytes to undergo proliferation and differentiation into plasma cells, thereby increasing ... to cause their enlargement and discolouration. Because of this, haemozoin is also known as malarial pigment. Unlike other ... The mast cells then produce signaling molecules such as TNFα and MIP-2, which activate cell eaters (professional phagocytes) ... For several days, the oocyst undergoes 10 to 11 rounds of cell division to create a syncytial cell (sporoblast) containing ...
Mesenchymal stem cells have no convincing evidence for their use overall, with quality human trials lacking. The greater ... Again, magnetic resonance arthrography can improve the differentiation. An overall sensitivity of 91% (9% false negative rate) ... will have enlargement of the tear over a five-year period. Of those whose tears enlarge, 20% have no symptoms while 80% ... Pas HI, Moen MH, Haisma HJ, Winters M (July 2017). "No evidence for the use of stem cell therapy for tendon disorders: a ...
The plasma cells produce specific antibodies in response to the periodontal pathogens, which diffuse into the gingival ... "Gingival enlargement and mesiodens associated with generalized aggressive periodontitis: a case report". Dental Update. 39 (5 ... biologic modifiers like growth and differentiation factors (GDF), and extracellular matrix proteins like enamel matrix proteins ... the gingival tissues and gingival crevicular fluid is mostly polymorph neutrophils but also includes B cells and plasma cells. ...
Clubroot gets its name from its primary symptom: enlargement of the plant roots. The abnormally large roots are unable to ... This mildew penetrates the cell wall and begins to absorb nutrients from the leaves. This eventually turns the leaves yellow ... Research data has demonstrated that one application of azocystrobin at panicle differentiation can control sheath blight for ...
Asari T, Konishi S, Jimura K, Chikazoe J, Nakamura N, Miyashita Y (January 2010). "Amygdalar enlargement associated with unique ... Swaab DF (September 2007). "Sexual differentiation of the brain and behavior". Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology ... and the intercalated cell clusters. The basolateral complex can be further subdivided into the lateral, the basal, and the ... this positive correlation suggests that amygdalar enlargement in the normal population might be related to creative mental ...
In mammals, sexual differentiation is determined by the sperm that carries either an X or a Y (male) chromosome. The Y ... Abnormal enlargement of the clitoris may also be referred to as clitoromegaly, but clitoromegaly is more commonly seen as a ... Rosenthal, Martha (2012). Human Sexuality: From Cells to Society. Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-0-618-75571-4. Archived from the ... This differentiation begins about eight or nine weeks after conception. Some sources state that it continues until the twelfth ...
... thin cells laid out overlapping one another as roof shingles the cortex, which contains the keratin bundles in cell structures ... The root of the hair ends in an enlargement, the hair bulb, which is whiter in color and softer in texture than the shaft and ... However, while men develop longer, coarser, thicker, and darker terminal hair through sexual differentiation, women do not, ... This organ is located in the dermis and maintains stem cells, which not only re-grow the hair after it falls out, but also are ...
A more consistent cytoarchitectural finding is reduced volume of purkinje cells and pyramidal cells in the hippocampus. This is ... Mauney SA, Pietersen CY, Sonntag KC, Woo TW (December 2015). "Differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursors is impaired in the ... Ventricular and third ventricle enlargement, abnormal functioning of the amygdala, hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, ... Redox dysregulation in early development can potentially influence development of different cell types that have been shown to ...
369 pp Teng, Lu; Labosky, Patricia A. (2006). "Neural Crest Stem Cells". Neural Crest Induction and Differentiation. Advances ... and their neural functions are centralized towards a series of vesicular enlargements in the head, which give rise to a brain. ... Of particular importance and unique to vertebrates is the presence of neural crest cells, which are progenitor cells critical ... Neural crest cells migrate through the body from the nerve cord during development, and initiate the formation of neural ...
... cell. Whereas in fertilization only plasmogamy, or the fusion of the whole sex cells, results, in Angiosperms (flowering plants ... Likewise, most fruit used in plant reproduction comes from the enlargement of parts of the flower. This fruit is frequently a ... This occurs as biochemical changes take place to change cellular differentiation of leaf, bud and stem tissues into tissue that ... At this point the end of the pollen tube bursts and releases the two sperm cells, one of which makes its way to an egg, while ...
Cell Press (17 April 2014). "In sex-reversed cave insects, females have the penises". Science Daily. Archived from the original ... Given the small amount of erectile tissue, there is little enlargement after erection. The penis is quite rigid when non-erect ... Estes 1998, p. 293 Glickman, SE; Cunha, GR; Drea, CM; Conley, AJ; Place, NJ (2006). "Mammalian sexual differentiation: lessons ... A series of muscular contractions delivers semen, containing male gametes known as sperm cells or spermatozoa, from the penis. ...
... and enlargements of lymph nodes, liver, and/or spleen. These cases may progress to an EBV+ LPD such as T cell lymphoma, T cell ... stimulate the differentiation and proliferation of, and present foreign antigens to B-cells. The FD cells in FDCS may derive ... CD4+ T cells (i.e. T helper cells), CD8+ cells (i.e. cytotoxic T cells), NK cells (i.e. natural killer cells). The mechanism by ... NK cells), Gamma delta T cells (γδ T cells), cytotoxic T cells (CTL), helper T cells (Th cells), and follicular B helper T ...
Bartonella species also have a tropism for endothelial cells, observed in the chronic phase of Carrion's disease (also known as ... Zeaiter Z, Liang Z, Raoult D (2002). "Genetic classification and differentiation of Bartonella species based on comparison of ... henselae and manifests as gradual regional lymph nodes enlargement (axilla, groin, neck) which may last 2-3 months or longer ... Riess, T (2008). "Analysis of a novel insect cell culture medium-based growth medium for Bartonella species". Appl Environ ...
... when the embryo has developed from one cell to about 4 to 6 cells, one of those cells is removed from the embryo without ... Mild clitoral enlargement may occur in girls, and sometimes a degree of prenatal virilization is recognized that may have gone ... Much research has made it clear that prenatal and early postnatal androgens play a role in the differentiation of most ... Meanwhile, the removed cell is analyzed to determine if the embryo has CAH. If the embryo is determined to have CAH, the ...
... though homosexual men may have a greater cell density, that is, more cells per unit volume, but a similar total number of ... In many species, a prominent feature of sexual differentiation is the presence of a sexually dimorphic nucleus (SDN) in the ... the testosterone stimulates the enlargement of INAH3, which is known to be involved in directing typical male sex behavior, ... During pregnancy, male cells enter a mother's bloodstream, which are foreign to her immune system. In response, she develops ...
The reason for the differentiation in testis size is that in order to succeed reproductively in a multi-male breeding system, ... Ude, Chinedu Cletus; Miskon, Azizi; Idrus, Ruszymah Bt Hj; Abu Bakar, Muhamad Bin (2018-02-26). "Application of stem cells in ... Position Is of Influence in Men with Prostate Enlargement. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". PLOS ONE. 9 (7): e101320. ... A series of muscular contractions delivers semen, containing male gametes known as sperm cells or spermatozoa, from the penis. ...
"Folliculin controls lung alveolar enlargement and epithelial cell survival through E-cadherin, LKB1, and AMPK". Cell Reports. 7 ... progression from pluripotency to cell lineage differentiation revealed that Flcn in complex with Fnip1/2 was necessary for ESC ... August 2014). "Folliculin regulates cell-cell adhesion, AMPK, and mTORC1 in a cell-type-specific manner in lung-derived cells ... Loss of FLCN function leads to a disruptive effect on cell-cell adhesions and cell polarity, and dysregulation of RhoA ...
These cells store pigment within an elastic sac which produces the color seen from these cells. Coleoids can change the shape ... Sexual maturation in male and female cephalopods can be observed internally by the enlargement of gonads and accessory glands. ... Cole, A.; Hall, B. (2009). "Cartilage differentiation in cephalopod molluscs". Zoology. 112 (1): 2-15. doi:10.1016/j.zool. ... 3. Cell. pp. 594-604. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.008. "Cephalopod radula". Tree of Life web project. Nixon, M. (1995). "A ...
These immune molecules drive the recruitment of other immune cells such as neutrophils, dendritic cells, B cells, and T cells ... Tuberculosis should be considered for lymph nodes enlargement at the root of the lung. Additionally, pneumonia caused by ... October 2003). "Use of 16S rRNA gene sequencing for rapid identification and differentiation of Burkholderia pseudomallei and B ... The bacteria can survive in antigen-presenting cells and dendritic cells. Thus, these cells act as vehicles that transport the ...
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.03.034. PMC 3357949. PMID 22559944. Allman JM, Tetreault NA, Hakeem AY, Manaye KF, Semendeferi K, Erwin ... From about 5 million years ago, the hominin brain began to develop rapidly in both size and differentiation of function. There ... Studies demonstrate that the enlargement in these regions is disproportionately centered in the temporoparietal junction (TPJ ... May 2012). "Inhibition of SRGAP2 function by its human-specific paralogs induces neoteny during spine maturation". Cell. 149 (4 ...
Besides the metabolic function, insulin receptors are also expressed on immune cells, such as macrophages, B cells, and T cells ... and enlargement of the pineal gland. Both diseases present with fluctuations of the glucose level: After a meal the glucose is ... Clusters of differentiation, EC 2.7.10, Single-pass transmembrane proteins, Tyrosine kinase receptors). ... On T cells, the expression of insulin receptors is undetectable during the resting state but up-regulated upon T-cell receptor ...
... which are organelles of eukaryotic cells, as the incorporation of an ancient prokaryotic cell into ancient eukaryotic cell. ... 2c) Evolution has caused enlargement and modification of these structures in some species, while it has caused the reduction ... Byrne, K.; Nichols, R.A. (1999). "Culex pipiens in London Underground tunnels: differentiation between surface and subterranean ... Evidence supporting this mechanism has been found in the protist Hatena: as a predator it engulfs a green algal cell, which ...
The main target cells of LH are the Leydig cells of testes and the theca cells of the ovaries. LH secretion changes more ... In males, testicular enlargement is the first physical manifestation of puberty (and is termed gonadarche). Testes in ... ISBN 978-0-7216-9539-6. Styne, Dennis M. (2002). "Chapter 18: The testes: disorders of sexual differentiation and puberty in ... The main target cells of FSH are the ovarian follicles and the Sertoli cells and spermatogenic tissue of the testes. ...
In vertebrates, landmarks of embryonic neural development include the birth and differentiation of neurons from stem cell ... and a nerve cord with an enlargement (a "ganglion") for each body segment, with an especially large ganglion at the front, ... which produce cell-to-cell signals at points where axon terminals make synaptic contact with other cells. Synapses may be ... Mauthner cells are not the only identified neurons in fish-there are about 20 more types, including pairs of "Mauthner cell ...
Peroutka SJ (1986). "Pharmacological differentiation and characterization of 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, and 5-HT1C binding sites in rat ... Rudorfer MV, Potter WZ (1999). "Metabolism of tricyclic antidepressants". Cell Mol Neurobiol. 19 (3): 373-409. doi:10.1023/A: ... prostate enlargement, hyperthyroidism, and pyloric stenosis. In patients with the rare condition of shallow anterior chamber of ... Cell Mol Neurobiol. 19 (4): 467-89. doi:10.1023/a:1006986824213. PMID 10379421. S2CID 19490821. Schmidt AW, Hurt SD, Peroutka ...
Germain, R. N.; Paul, W. E. (2011). "Baruj Benacerraf (1920-2011) Immunologist who won Nobel for genetics of T-cell antigen ... benign prostate enlargement and inguinal lymph node dissection for cancer. He has helped develop the novel concepts of single- ... in the molecular biology of Neuronal Differentiation and Phylogenetics of Neurons. Director of the Venezuelan Institute of ... His methods for modeling enzyme catalyzed reactions and reactions inside cells are one of the fast moving frontiers in ...
Primary intratesticular malignancy can be divided into germ cell tumors and non-germ cell tumors. Germ cell tumors are further ... Absence of vascular flow is another important feature that is helpful in differentiation of epidermoid cyst from other solid ... Clinically patients with tuberculous epididymo-orchitis may present with painful or painless enlargement of the scrotum, hence ... Embryonal cell carcinoma Embryonal cell carcinomas, a more aggressive tumor than seminoma usually occurs in men in their 30s. ...