Sun P, Lou L, Maurer RA (1996). "Regulation of activating transcription factor-1 and the cAMP response element-binding protein ... Pongubala JM, Atchison ML (1995). "Activating transcription factor 1 and cyclic AMP response element modulator can modulate the ... "The cAMP-regulated enhancer-binding protein ATF-1 activates transcription in response to cAMP-dependent protein kinase A." J. ... Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATF1 gene. This gene encodes an ...

Lastly, several "cyclic AMP response elements" with sequence TGACGTCA that binds CREB. In humans, a "Z-element" resides 243-292 ... each of which serve as binding sites for distinct regulatory proteins. First, multiple A/T-rich sequences, called "A elements ... These regions are primarily bound by PDX-1, but also Cdx2 and Isl-1. Second, two so-called "C elements" - C1 located 107-118 ... C2 (also called the "pancreatic islet cell enhancer sequence" or "PISCES") is bound by PAX6. Third, an "E element" (two in ...

Inada A, Someya Y, Yamada Y, Ihara Y, Kubota A, Ban N, Watanabe R, Tsuda K, Seino Y (1999). "The cyclic AMP response element ... CBX5m TATA binding protein, and Transcription initiation protein SPT3 homolog. Yeast TFIID comprises the TATA binding protein ... and binds to other proteins containing glutamine-rich regions. Aberrant binding to this subunit by proteins with expanded ... TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated ...

Their response elements are DNA sequences (promoters) that are bound by the complex of the steroid bound to its receptor. The ... These receptors generally function via intracellular second messengers, including cyclic AMP (cAMP), cyclic GMP (cGMP), ... The features of G proteins include GDP/GTP binding, GTP hydrolysis and guanosine nucleotide exchange. When a ligand binds to a ... Hormone receptor proteins bind to a hormone as a result of an accumulation of weak interactions. Because of the relatively ...

... and cyclic AMP response element binding with acquired resistance to Faslodex (ICI 182,780)". Cancer Research. 62 (12): 3428- ... He was among the pioneers to implicate the unfolded protein response (UPR) in acquired endocrine resistance and in regulating ... the Unfolded Protein Response, Autophagy, and the Integrated Regulation of Breast Cancer Cell Fate". Cancer Research. 72 (6): ... "Autophagy and unfolded protein response (UPR) regulate mammary gland involution by restraining apoptosis-driven irreversible ...

One of the nuclear targets for PKA is the transcriptional control protein CREB (cAMP response element binding protein). In ... By 1972 they had evidence that the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP (cAMP) was produced in Aplysia ganglia under conditions ... By 1980, collaboration with Paul Greengard resulted in demonstration that cAMP-dependent protein kinase, also known as protein ... The Kandel lab then sought to identify proteins that had to be synthesized to convert short-term memories into long-lasting ...

Also, 3C and 2A are responsible for down-regulation of cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein (CREB), a cellular ... antiviral response. Cys24Ser (C24S) is a homolog of Hepatitis 3C proteinase, is responsible for inactivating Cys172 through ... binding protein, PABP. This disruption of this binding domain results in down regulation of the initiation of cap dependent ... P1 encodes for a proteins (VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4) that make the capsid proteins. P2 and P3 proteins assist in infectivity of ...

The G-protein activates a downstream signalling cascade that causes increased level of cyclic-AMP (cAMP), which trigger ... In the olfactory system, odorant molecules in the mucus bind to G-protein receptors on olfactory cells. ... Because of the change, a change in light intensity causes the response of the rods to be much slower than expected (for a ... Koike, Takuji; Wada, Hiroshi; Kobayashi, Toshimitsu (2002). "Modeling of the human middle ear using the finite-element method ...

Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-3 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ATF3 gene. Activating ... The longer isoform represses rather than activates transcription from promoters with ATF binding elements. The shorter isoform ... Kang Y, Chen CR, Massagué J (April 2003). "A self-enabling TGFbeta response coupled to stress signaling: Smad engages stress ... "Cyclic AMP-independent ATF family members interact with NF-kappa B and function in the activation of the E-selectin promoter in ...

... cAMP response-element binding protein (CREB) family. ATF5 transcripts and protein are expressed in a wide variety of tissues, ... Pati D, Meistrich ML, Plon SE (1999). "Human Cdc34 and Rad6B ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes target repressors of cyclic AMP- ... "Human Cdc34 and Rad6B ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes target repressors of cyclic AMP-induced transcription for proteolysis". Mol ... "The molecular biology and nomenclature of the activating transcription factor/cAMP responsive element binding family of ...

Pongubala JM, Atchison ML (April 1995). "Activating transcription factor 1 and cyclic AMP response element modulator can ... "The transcription factor Spi-1/PU.1 binds RNA and interferes with the RNA-binding protein p54nrb". The Journal of Biological ... "The transcription factor Spi-1/PU.1 binds RNA and interferes with the RNA-binding protein p54nrb". The Journal of Biological ... The nuclear protein binds to a purine-rich sequence known as the PU-box found on enhancers of target genes, and regulates their ...

... promoter through multiple elements and interaction with the coactivator cAMP-response element-binding protein-binding protein ... Swanson DJ, Zellmer E, Lewis EJ (1997). "The homeodomain protein Arix interacts synergistically with cyclic AMP to regulate ... Paired mesoderm homeobox protein 2A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PHOX2A gene. The protein encoded by this gene ... Swanson DJ, Adachi M, Lewis EJ (2000). "The homeodomain protein Arix promotes protein kinase A-dependent activation of the ...

"Tissue transglutaminase directly regulates adenylyl cyclase resulting in enhanced cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) ... Patrizio M, Colucci M, Levi G (Apr 2001). "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein decreases cyclic AMP synthesis in ... Patke CL, Shearer WT (May 2000). "gp120- and TNF-alpha-induced modulation of human B cell function: proliferation, cyclic AMP ... A similar protein in mice is involved in pattern formation of the brain. ADCY1 is a calmodulin-sensitive adenylyl cyclase. In ...

Cyclic GMP and AMP have been shown to affect uropod formation, and are generally important for cell polarization and chemotaxis ... myosin II and Rac proteins to control front and rear cytoskeletal elements and create the cycle of movement important to cell ... Already, adhesion forces between the substrate and cell are present in the form of integrin/ICAM binding between cells. The ... Vicente-Manzanares, Miguel; Sánchez-Madrid, Francisco (2004). "Role of the cytoskeleton during leukocyte responses". Nature ...

... p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 Mpk), and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) which when activated ... production of cyclic AMP [cAMP]); e) G proteins types to which they link and activate, i.e. those containing the Gs alpha ... which binds and responds to PGH2 and TXA2 equally well. All of the prostanoid receptors are G protein-coupled receptors ... They are named based on the prostanoid to which they preferentially bind and respond, e.g. the receptor responsive to PGI2 at ...

... and adenyl cyclase converts AMP into cyclic AMP (cAMP) thereby down-regulating cAMP-responsive proteins involved in cell ... G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) such as DP2 are integral membrane proteins that, when bound by their cognate ligands (or, ... Venet F, Lepape A, Debard AL, Bienvenu J, Bohé J, Monneret G (December 2004). "The Th2 response as monitored by CRTH2 or CCR3 ... DP2 activation also stimulates eosinophils and basophils to release the many pro-allergic elements of their granules to the ...

The major differences between the classes is in the receptor binding domain of the env protein and the long terminal repeats ( ... When retrotranscribed into DNA, retroviruses can be sensed by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS- ... "Human Endogenous Retroviruses Are Ancient Acquired Elements Still Shaping Innate Immune Responses". Frontiers in Immunology. 9 ... This technique is used to find histone marks indicative of promoters and enhancers, which are binding sites for DNA proteins, ...

This then increases cyclic AMP or cAMP by binding (cholerae toxin) to adenylyl cyclase activating the GS pathway which leads to ... which typically consist of a membrane-bound histidine kinase and an intracellular response element. TCS enable bacteria to ... The V. cholerae uptake machinery involves a competence-induced pilus, and a conserved DNA binding protein that acts as a ... In V. cholerae the TCS EnvZ/OmpR alters gene expression via the sRNA coaR in response to changes in osmolarity and pH. An ...

... "cyclic di-GMP" below). cyclic di-AMP riboswitches (also called ydaO/yuaA) bind the signaling molecule cyclic di-AMP. cyclic di- ... including protein-free binding assays, and metabolite-binding riboswitches were established as a new mechanism of gene ... The aptamer directly binds the small molecule, and the expression platform undergoes structural changes in response to the ... Cobalamin riboswitch (also B12-element), which binds either adenosylcobalamin (the coenzyme form of vitamin B12) or ...

The slime mold shows how intercellular communication with a small molecule e.g. cyclic AMP allows a simple organism to form ... This protein is a modified form of an innexin protein found in a caterpillar. That is, the vinnexin is very similar to the ... Lipid membrane bound vesicles of a large range of sizes are found inside and outside of cells, containing a huge variety of ... The larger pipe also contains cytoskeletal and other elements. It is presumed viruses use plasmodesmata as a route through the ...

G protein-coupled receptor-activated Gsα binds to the enzyme adenylyl cyclase, increasing its rate of conversion of ATP to ... cyclic AMP. Gsα has been shown to interact with RIC8A. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000087460 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: ... Alternative splicing of downstream exons is also observed, which results in different forms of the Gs-α, a key element of the ... "Human brain synembryn interacts with Gsalpha and Gqalpha and is translocated to the plasma membrane in response to ...

... inhibits G protein coupling that regulates an adenylate cyclase-mediated conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP. The end result is ... The bacterium contains a surface protein, filamentous haemagglutinin adhesin, which binds to the sulfatides found on cilia of ... This is because B. pertussis inhibits the immune response, so very little mucus is generated in the lungs. A prolonged cough ... The primers used for PCR usually target the transposable elements IS481 and IS1001. Several diagnostic tests are available, ...

September 2011). "Modeling of ligand binding to G protein coupled receptors: cannabinoid CB1, CB2 and adrenergic β 2 AR". ... and thereby the production of the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP), and positively influenced inwardly rectifying ... Similar responses are produced when introduced in alternative methods, only in a more concentrated form than what is naturally ... and certain neuronal elements of the peripheral or central nervous systems (2011). The existence of additional cannabinoid ...

"Fyn-binding protein (Fyb)/SLP-76-associated protein (SLAP), Ena/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) proteins and the ... Park D, Rhee SG (1992). "Phosphorylation of Nck in response to a variety of receptors, phorbol myristate acetate, and cyclic ... "Physical association between Src homology 3 elements and the protein product of the c-cbl proto-oncogene". J. Biol. Chem. 269 ( ... AMP". Mol. Cell. Biol. 12 (12): 5816-23. doi:10.1128/MCB.12.12.5816. PMC 360521. PMID 1333046. Meisenhelder J, Hunter T (1992 ...

In protein synthesis, PKA first directly activates CREB, which binds the cAMP response element (CRE), altering the ... AMP-activated protein kinase). Protein kinase A, more precisely known as adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP)-dependent ... and a domain to bind the regulatory subunit. The regulatory subunit has domains to bind to cyclic AMP, a domain that interacts ... Cyclic+AMP-Dependent+Protein+Kinases at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Drosophila cAMP- ...

... amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum is useful to researchers because they consistently exhibit chemotaxis in response to cyclic AMP ... For a cell to move, it is necessary to bring a fresh supply of "feet" (proteins called integrins, which attach a cell to the ... In addition, cytoskeletal elements are able to interact extensively and intimately with a cell's plasma membrane. Other ... aggregates of a surface molecule are cross-linked with a fluorescent antibody or when small beads become artificially bound to ...

This phosphorylation can generate a binding site for a different protein and thus induce protein-protein interaction. In this ... Some species use cyclic AMP as the signal; others such as Polysphondylium violaceum use a dipeptide known as glorin. In plants ... This response can take place in the nucleus or in the cytoplasm of the cell. A majority of signaling pathways control protein ... the signaling molecule can bind to intracellular receptors, other elements, or stimulate enzyme activity (e.g. gasses), as in ...

... cAMP response element-binding protein) to DNA. This reduction causes changes in the expression of critical immunoregulatory ... "Inhibition of the cyclic AMP signaling cascade and nuclear factor binding to CRE and kappaB elements by cannabinol, a minimally ... Kaminski NE (October 1996). "Immune regulation by cannabinoid compounds through the inhibition of the cyclic AMP signaling ... A new mouse model was described in 2014 that expresses a fluorescent protein whenever CB2 is expressed within a cell. This has ...

Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CREB3 gene. This gene encodes a ... stress response protein Herp through an ER stress response element". Mol. Cell. Biol. 26 (21): 7999-8010. doi:10.1128/MCB.01046 ... This protein binds to the cAMP-responsive element, an octameric palindrome. The protein interacts with host cell factor C1, ... "Entrez Gene: CREB3 cAMP responsive element binding protein 3". Lu, R; Yang P; Padmakumar S; Misra V (Aug 1998). "The ...

Most commonly, protein phosphorylation is catalyzed by protein kinases, ultimately resulting in a cellular response. Proteins ... Some of them create second messengers such as cyclic AMP and IP3, the latter controlling the release of intracellular calcium ... Many adaptor proteins and enzymes activated as part of signal transduction possess specialized protein domains that bind to ... has been shown to be a critical element in the plant immune response to signal molecules from bacterial pathogens and plant ...