Kirigami is built around the concept of folding and cutting in 2D membranes. This contributes to an increase in the tensile ... manufactured on ultrathin substrates exhibit a decrease in bending stiffness and allow bending to a small radius of curvature ... The aforementioned approach was used to create devices composed of 100-200 nm thick Si nano membranes deposited on thin ...
... which relies on changes in membrane thickness or curvature that can alter the energetic balance of embedded proteins. This is ... are a family of pore-forming membrane proteins that are responsible for translating stresses at the cell membrane into an ... reflect an intimate coupling of protein conformation with the mechanics of the surrounding membrane. The membrane serves as an ... Membrane proteins, Transmembrane proteins, Transmembrane transporters, Transport proteins, Integral membrane proteins). ...
The gastric mucosa is the mucous membrane layer of the stomach, which contains the glands and the gastric pits. In humans, it ... and along the greater curvature. These folds are entirely obliterated when the organ becomes distended. When examined with a ... The surface of the mucous membrane is covered by a single layer of columnar epithelium. This epithelium commences very abruptly ... lens, the inner surface of the mucous membrane presents a peculiar honeycomb appearance from being covered with funnel-like ...
Excitation of the membrane is via a loudspeaker (Ø = 45 cm.) and an 11 cm-long wave guide (designed to convey maximum acoustic ... The internal frictions are proportional to the velocity of variation of the local curvature, which increases with the frequency ... A synthetic membrane was applied with isotropic characteristics and high flexibility on which the previously described map was ... In fact it can be presumed that the approximation of the non-rigid membrane results less valid with the increase of the mode ...
... presumably by providing the driving force for membrane curvature. The transient conjugation of Atg8 to the membrane lipid ... The outer membrane of these autophagosomes subsequently fuses with the lysosome/vacuole to release an inter single membrane ( ... Atg8 exists in a cytoplasmic and in a membrane-associated form. Membrane association is achieved by coupling Atg8 to ... However, for GATE-16 and GABARAP membrane association seems to be possible even for the non-lipidated forms. Apart from LC3, ...
In 1760 Euler proved a theorem expressing the curvature of a space curve on a surface in terms of the principal curvatures, ... In chemistry and biophysics when modelling cell membrane structure under varying pressure. In economics, differential geometry ... Importantly Clairaut introduced the terminology of curvature and double curvature, essentially the notion of principal ... which describes the curvature of spacetime. Understanding this curvature is essential for the positioning of satellites into ...
A capillary bridge is a minimized surface of liquid or membrane created between two rigid bodies of arbitrary shape. Capillary ... Delaunay found an entirely new class of axially symmetrical surfaces of constant mean curvature. The formulation and the proof ... Kralchevsky, P.; Nagayama, K. (2001). Particles at Fluid Interfaces and Membranes. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 469-502. Delaunay ( ... Surfaces of revolution with prescribed mean curvature, Tohoku Math. J. 32(1980), 147-153. Plateau, Josef (1873). Statique ...
Another potential coupling mechanism is the "Peg and Socket" theory which demonstrates that the membranes of smooth muscle ... recording studies have demonstrated that gastric slow waves originate from a pacemaker region located on the greater curvature ... variances in both amplitudes and propagation velocities in the stomach due to the existence of a gradient of resting membrane ...
This may be done to treat abnormal curvature in the vertebral column, such as kyphosis. Osteoporosis, some infections, and past ... Superiorly, between the skull and atlas, the ligament is continuous laterally with the anterior atlantooccipital membrane. The ... It may be partially cut to treat certain abnormal curvatures in the vertebral column, such as kyphosis. The anterior ...
i.e. positive curvature: K = +1, ΩK < 0, Ω > 1, negative curvature: K = −1, ΩK > 0, Ω < 1, zero curvature: K = 0, ΩK = 0, Ω = 1 ... membrane-shaped universe; an alternative to the Hot Big Bang Model, whereby the universe is described to have originated when ... If Ω < 1 there is negative curvature. One can experimentally calculate this Ω to determine the curvature two ways. One is to ... If the spatial geometry is spherical, i.e., possess positive curvature, the topology is compact. For a flat (zero curvature) or ...
Ground waves are radio waves propagating parallel to and adjacent to the surface of the Earth, following the curvature of the ... resulted from an acoustic surface wave of the basilar membrane into the cochlear duct. His theory purported to explain every ...
... and nanoporous membranes. Gyroid membrane structures are occasionally found inside cells. Gyroid structures have photonic band ... Karcher, Hermann (1989). "The triply periodic minimal surfaces of Alan Schoen and their constant mean curvature companions". ... The gyroid mitochondrial membranes found in the retinal cone cells of certain tree shrew species present a unique structure ... Große-Brauckmann, Karsten; Meinhard, Wohlgemuth (1996). "The gyroid is embedded and has constant mean curvature companions". ...
The balloon is evidently flatter at the axis of rotation; this point is actually has zero curvature in any direction. Paper bag ... Finch, Steven (13 August 2013). "Inflating an Inelastic Membrane" (PDF). (Articles with short description, Short description ... The ratio of the principal curvatures at every point on the mylar balloon is exactly 2, making it an interesting case of a ...
MinC, MinD, and MinE form a helix structure that winds around the cell and is bound to the membrane by MinD. The MinCDE helix ... Bactofilins have been implicated in cell shape regulation in other bacteria, including curvature of Proteus mirabilis cells, ... Hay NA, Tipper DJ, Gygi D, Hughes C (April 1999). "A novel membrane protein influencing cell shape and multicellular swarming ... MreB assembles into a helical network of filamentous structures just under the cytoplasmic membrane, covering the whole length ...
p-brane A p+1 dimensional membrane, where p is a non-negative integer. The dimension of membranes is often given by their space ... F 1. A curvature form of a connection 2. The world-sheet fermion number. 3. Short for fermion 3. Short for forward;for example ... brane Short for membrane. a higher-dimensional manifold moving in spacetime. See also p-brane, D-brane. BTZ Initials of Bañados ... 2. A curvature tensor 3. An abbreviation for right (moving modes). 4. A radius 5. R-symmetry is a symmetry of extended ...
... is the mean curvature, K {\displaystyle K} is the Gaussian curvature, and dA is the area form of S. For a closed surface, by ... Cell membranes tend to position themselves so as to minimize Willmore energy. Willmore energy is used in constructing a class ... Euclidean space is defined to be the integral of the square of the mean curvature minus the Gaussian curvature. It is named ... are the principal curvatures of the surface. The Willmore energy is always greater than or equal to zero. A round sphere has ...
In a membrane depth gauge, the water presses onto a metal canister with a flexible end, which is deflected proportionally to ... When the pressure increases, the tube stretches, and when it decreases the tube recovers to the original curvature. This ... Deflection of the membrane is amplified by a lever and gear mechanism and transferred to an indicator pointer like in an ... Strain gauges may be used to convert the pressure on a membrane to electrical resistance, which can be converted to an analog ...
Carbon Dioxide Removal from e.g. Blood using Membrane and Immobilized Carbonic Anhydrase; Artificial Lung for Example, US ... "Improved power density of an enzymatic biofuel cell with fibrous supports of high curvature". RSC Advances. 6 (12): 10150-10158 ... "Engineering of cell membranes with a bisphosphonate-containing polymer using ATRP synthesis for bone targeting". Biomaterials. ... "Membrane/Mediator-Free Rechargeable Enzymatic Biofuel Cell Utilizing Graphene/Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Cogel Electrodes". ...
It actually has a little curvature to the site which the substrate also has. Although usually most exo- and endoribonucleases ... For example, immune RNases act by destabilizing the cell membranes of bacteria. Noguchi S (July 2010). "Isomerization mechanism ... "The flexible and clustered lysine residues of human ribonuclease 7 are critical for membrane permeability and antimicrobial ...
All Maltron keyboards use Cherry MX brand key-switches, which are much more responsive and durable than the membrane or dome ... version was introduced which although lacking the curvature of the 3D keyboard, incorporates split key groups, and offset ...
AFM can also be used to indent cells, to study how they regulate the stiffness or shape of the cell membrane or wall. In some ... The cantilever is typically silicon or silicon nitride with a tip radius of curvature on the order of nanometers. When the tip ...
... and so on the mean curvature and Gaussian curvature of the plate. For small deformations, the mean curvature is expressed in ... which is the instead the case for a membrane such as a drumhead). In such situations, a vibrating plate can be modeled in a ... and the Gaussian curvature is the Monge-Ampère operator wxxwyy−w2 xy. The total potential energy of a plate Ω therefore has the ... This relation can be derived in an alternative manner by considering the curvature of the plate. The potential energy density ...
The less Gaussian curvature of the surface is the higher the accuracy of the plane mapping is. As a rule, the plane mapping ... The membrane shape, the loads on the structure and the internal stresses interact in a non-linear manner to satisfy the ... Since the membrane in a tension structure possesses no flexural stiffness, its form or configuration depends upon initial ... Thus, the load-bearing behaviour and the shape of the membrane cannot be separated and cannot be generally described by simple ...
The more acute the curvature of the water-air interface the greater the tendency for the alveolus to collapse. This has three ... 11). This process occurs by simple diffusion, across a very thin membrane (known as the blood-air barrier), which forms the ... 23). Back-flow into the gill chamber during the inhalatory phase is prevented by a membrane along the ventroposterior border of ... Most of the respiratory system is lined with mucous membranes that contain mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, which produces ...
... which is covered by a gelatinous layer and the otolithic membrane on top. Embedded in this membrane are calcium carbonate ... Curvature and size of these canals seems to affect agility, and may be due to the environments in which animals navigate, such ...
Corneal radius of curvature relates to corneal power with the equation: r = 337.5/K. Intraocular lens power calculation ... Bruch's membrane (AL-RPE). AL can also be defined as the linear distance between the corneal surface and the inner limiting ... Better results are obtained by relating the expected ELP to the axial length and corneal curvature. Modern theoretical formulas ... the cornea is assumed to be a thin spherical lens with a fixed anterior to posterior corneal curvature ratio and an index of ...
The palps are shorter in length to the prostomium, being dorsally fused by a membrane and containing a distal notch. It carries ... longer blades count with a double curvature. Posterior parapodia have 4 compound chaetae each. The simple dorsal chaetae from ...
Externalization of the greater part of the haptics along the curvature stabilizes the axial positioning of the IOL and thereby ... along with Descemet's membrane (DM) and endothelium, is transplanted. The normal cornea has from the front to the back the ... such as Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), Descemet's stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK), and ... following layers: Epithelium Bowman's layer Stroma Pre-Descemet's layer Descemet's membrane Endothelium For the human eye to ...
5. Curvatures. e) Comparison of Curvatures and Dorsiventrality]. In Ruhland, Wilhelm (ed.). Handbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie. ... Wood, Florence Mary (July 1926). "Further Investigations of the Chemical Nature of the Cell-membrane". Annals of Botany. Oxford ... A difference in width between the sub-epidermal cells of the outer and inner periphery of the arch of curvature was not found. ... In the case of nutation phenomena, it is possible that curvature only occurs in a narrowly limited section of the shoot.: 2 ...
The membranes are delicate, tearing easily, but can regrow, and small tears heal quickly. The surface of the wings is equipped ... The vortex may be stabilized by the animal changing its wing curvatures. When not flying, bats hang upside down from their feet ... The patagium is the wing membrane; it is stretched between the arm and finger bones, and down the side of the body to the hind ... The muscles keep the membrane taut during flight. The extent to which the tail of a bat is attached to a patagium can vary by ...