Vitamin B6
PLP is a coenzyme needed for the proper function of the enzymes cystathionine synthase and cystathionase. These enzymes ... The classic clinical symptoms for vitamin B6 deficiency are rare, even in developing countries. A handful of cases were seen ... The three biochemical tests most widely used are plasma PLP concentrations, the activation coefficient for the erythrocyte ... To function as a transaminase coenzyme, PLP bound to a lysine of the enzyme then binds to a free amino acid via formation of a ...
Mary Bartlett Bunge
... results of a strategy tested in rat Schwann cells that were engineered to secrete the growth factor D15A and the enzyme ... Their research had a clinical relevance that influenced her later research to be focused toward clinical applications. This ... She also demonstrated that myelin could be reformed in the mature mammalian spinal cord, which has an important clinical ... The project Bunge took over tests regeneration strategies that could lead to successful treatment of spinal cord injury. Bunge ...
Beutler
Swiss sport shooter Beutler test, also known as the fluorescent spot test, a screening test used to identify enzyme defects ... clinical psychologist Rolf Beutler (born 1940), ...
NS1 antigen test
The method of detection is through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. India has introduced in 2010 the NS1 test costing 1,600 ... "Evaluation of Dengue NS1 Antigen Rapid Tests and ELISA Kits Using Clinical Samples". PLOS ONE. 9 (11): e113411. Bibcode: ... NS1 antigen test (nonstructural protein 1) is a test for dengue, introduced in 2006. It allows rapid detection on the first day ... Serological tests such as an immunoglobulin M antibody capture-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MAC-ELISA) and viral RNA ...
Executive dysfunction
Chelune GJ, Baer RA (June 1986). "Developmental norms for the Wisconsin Card Sorting test". Journal of Clinical and ... particularly in clinical ADHD. The catechol-o-methyl transferase gene (COMT) codes for an enzyme that degrades catecholamine ... Another prominent test of executive dysfunction is known as the Trail-making test. This test is composed of two main parts ( ... "Trail making test, part B as a measure of executive control: validation using a set-switching paradigm". Journal of Clinical ...
Colorado tick fever
A combination of clinical signs, symptoms, and laboratory tests can confirm the likelihood of having CTF. Some tests include ... May 2003). "Recombinant VP7-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of immunoglobulin G antibodies to Colorado ... and mildly elevated liver enzyme levels. Detection of viral antibodies on red blood cells is possible. To avoid tick bites and ...
ERT
... (company), an American clinical research company Enzyme replacement therapy Estrogen receptor test Estrogen replacement ...
Haemochromatosis type 3
There is also one research test available.[citation needed] Clinical tests Biochemical genetics tests (2) Enzyme assay (2) ... There are 62 different clinical tests available including two biochemical Genetics tests and 60 molecular genetics tests. ... The Genetic Testing Registry provides information about genetic tests for haemochromatosis type 3. ... In order to formulate a diagnosis healthcare professionals view medical history, symptoms, physical exam, and laboratory test ...
AmpliChip CYP450 Test
... is a clinical test from Roche. The test aims to find the specific gene types (a genotype) of the patient ... If a substrate of the enzyme is given to the patient as a medication, and if the patient has reduced CYP2D6 or CYP2C19 activity ... FDA approved the test on December 24, 2004. The AmpliChip CYP450 test is the first FDA approved pharmacogenetic test. Since a ... So testing the phenotype of the patient is important to help determine the optimum dosage of the drug. The test analyzes the ...
Alkaline phosphatase
"ALP: The Test - Alkaline Phosphatase". Lab Tests Online. American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC). Retrieved 23 ... That same bovine enzyme has more than 70% homology with human placental enzyme. However, the human liver enzyme and the ... Due to the location of the enzyme, and the protein layout of the enzyme, the enzyme is in solution with a smaller amount of ... Gronowski AM (2004). "Human Pregnancy". Handbook of Clinical Laboratory Testing During Pregnancy. Humana Press. pp. 1-13. doi: ...
Mechanism of anoxic depolarization in the brain
Many clinical trials have failed in an attempt to develop effective neuroprotective drugs to combat stroke, perhaps because ... Due to ethical issues, anoxic-tolerance has not been tested in human neonates. Currently, there is no effective way to combat ... The only FDA-approved drug to treat stroke is a clot-dissolving, genetically-engineered enzyme called tissue plasminogen ... This is still a relatively new area of study that could have a clinical significance in combating stroke in humans. A study ...
Tetrahydrocannabinol
... catalysed by an enzyme to produce cannabigerolic acid, which is cyclized by the enzyme THC acid synthase to give THCA. Over ... However, clinical trials need to be performed in order to assess the importance of ATX inhibition by THC during medicinal ... Alicia Wallace (January 2, 2020). "Testing drivers for cannabis is hard. Here's why". CNN Business. Archived from the original ... The metabolism of THC occurs mainly in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4. CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 are ...
Applications of artificial intelligence
... synthesize and test a drug which inhibits enzymes of a particular gene, DDR1. DDR1 is involved in cancers and fibrosis which is ... Artificial neural networks are used as clinical decision support systems for medical diagnosis, such as in concept processing ... Autonomous trucks are in the testing phase. The UK government passed legislation to begin testing of autonomous truck platoons ... Simulator-based testing can reduce the risks of on-road training. AI underpins self-driving vehicles. Companies involved with ...
Asparaginase
Clinical testing with bacterial-derived ASNase commenced in 1966, and in 1978, E. coli-derived ASNase received approval from ... Asparaginase is an enzyme that is used as a medication and in food manufacturing. As a medication, L-asparaginase is used to ... Numerous clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Erwinase in the treatment of acute ... Ongoing research and clinical trials continue to advance our knowledge and improve outcomes in the treatment of this ...
Pesticide
... which fungi then detoxify using enzymes. The paldoxins inhibit the fungi's detoxification enzymes. They are believed to be ... Many case studies testing the effectiveness of the push-pull approach have been done across the world. The most successful push ... The cholinesterase assay is a useful clinical tool to assess individual exposure and acute toxicity. Considerable variability ... which fungi then detoxify using enzymes. The paldoxins inhibit the fungi's detoxification enzymes. They are believed to be ...
Cerliponase alfa
The enzyme uses a catalytic triad active site composed of the three amino acids, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and serine. ... After the success of this clinical trial, the U.S. FDA approved the marketing of cerliponase alfa to patients with CLN2 disease ... After discovery, the recombinant form of TPP1, cerliponase alfa, was first produced in 2000, followed by testing in animal ... The investigators measured the loss of ability to walk or crawl using the Motor domain of the CLN2 Clinical Rating Scale. ...
Proof of concept
... or PoC refers to early clinical drug development, conventionally divided into the phases of clinical research ... The purpose of a pilot project is to test, often in a production environment. Tech demos are designed as proof of concept for ... It could be based on showing that the drug interacts with the intended molecular receptor or enzyme, and/or affects cell ... but not the clinical endpoints of the condition. Early stage clinical trials may aim to demonstrate Proof of Mechanism, or ...
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
Pathological diagnosis of congenital infection is performed using either an immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) test or an enzyme ... Clinical diagnosis of LCM can be made by the history of prodrome symptoms and by considering the period of time before the ... Blood samples were obtained and tested for LCMV antibodies. Of the 82 workers that were tested, seven had definite serologic ... Serologic testing is not recommended for pet rodents, as it has been unreliable in detecting antibodies in animals with active ...
Egg drop syndrome
The common tests of choice include Haemaglutination-Inhibition, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay and Serum Neutralisation. The ... by the clinical findings alone. However, proper laboratory testing is still needed to eliminate doubts for a definitive ... Serological testing can determine if chicken have antibodies against EDS '76, which would indicate that they have been infected ... Identification of the virus can also be detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction-based test. There is no treatment for EDS '76, ...
SkQ
A clinical study on patients with age-related cataracts was also successfully conducted. In Russia in 2019 clinical studies are ... synthesis and testing of new SkQ compounds, testing the effects on a variety of model systems and in different diseases. SkQ ... The main function of these enzymes is the protection of cells from xenobiotics. Lipophilic cations compete with other ... Phase I clinical study). In 2018-2021, both attempts at Phase III clinical trials in the United States failed to show any ...
Clinical chemistry
Some clinical tests require clinical chemists to process the specimen before testing. Clinical chemists and medical laboratory ... changes in light and electronic voltage properties of naturally-occurring analytes such as enzymes, ions, electrolytes, and ... A test panel is a group of many tests a clinical chemists do on one sample to look for changes in many analytes that may be ... The type of test required dictates what type of sample is used. Some common analytes that clinical chemistry tests analyze ...
Christopher Evans (businessman)
... numerous enzymes and proteins for use in clinical diagnostic tests, as well as stem cell therapies, immunotherapeutics, ... In April 2020, Excalibur was at the forefront of the first phase of a clinical trial which could help diabetics that contract ... Many have specialised in their goal of creating unique products and medicines as well as clinical trials. These include an S- ... It specialised in contamination detectors, which included a revolutionary test to detect E.coli in water. Chiroscience became ...
Rheumatoid arthritis
... and that there is adequate clinical evidence to support its clinical benefits. Other blood tests are usually done to ... liver enzymes and other immunological tests (e.g., antinuclear antibody/ANA) are all performed at this stage. Elevated ferritin ... The by far most common clinical test for ACPAs is the anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti CCP) ELISA. In 2008 a serological ... Therefore, the test is not specific for RA. Hence, new serological tests check for anti-citrullinated protein antibodies ACPAs ...
Iron poisoning
The diagnosis of iron poisoning is based on clinical presentation including laboratory tests for serum iron concentrations and ... Measuring electrolyte levels, kidney function, serum glucose, liver function tests (enzymes and bilirubin), complete blood ... The deferoxamine challenge test is a diagnostic test for confirming iron poisoning, however it is no longer recommended for ... Laboratory tests such as measuring the peak serum iron level after 4 to 6 hours of ingestion can be useful in determining the ...
Molecular diagnostics
NGS assays, however, are still at an early stage in clinical diagnostics. To do the molecular diagnostic test for cancer, one ... For example, the enzyme CYP2C19 metabolises several drugs, such as the anti-clotting agent Clopidogrel, into their active forms ... FDA-approved next-generation sequencing system could expand clinical genomic testing: experts predict MiSeqDx platform will ... Molecular diagnostics tests such as microarray comparative genomic hybridisation test a sample of DNA instead, and because of ...
Olfactory ensheathing cell
OECs have been tested successfully in experimental axonal regeneration in adult rats with traumatic spinal cord damage, and ... Olfactory glia that express the antimicrobial enzyme lysozyme (LYZ) are thought to play an important role in immunoprotection ... clinical trials are currently being conducted to obtain more information on spinal cord injuries and other neurodegenerative ...
Dental amalgam controversy
Newer studies sometimes use mercury vapor analysis instead of the standard exposure test. Because this test was designed for ... Clinical studies have not established an occasional connection between dental amalgam and adverse health effects in the general ... liver enzyme elevations, hypotension, allergic reactions, and mineral deficiencies. Better dental health overall coupled with ... A test that was done throughout the 1980s by some opposition groups and holistic dentists was the skin patch test for mercury ...
Oropouche fever
... neutralization test), and CF (complement fixation test) tests and in-house-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for total ... "Diagnosis of Oropouche Virus Infection Using a Recombinant Nucleocapsid Protein-Based Enzyme Immunoassay". Journal of Clinical ... Nevertheless, clinics in Brazil may not have adequate testing reliability as they rely on symptoms rather than PCR viral ... Clinical symptoms include chills, headache, myalgia, arthralgia, dizziness, photophobia, vomiting, joint pains, epigastric pain ...
Hedgehog pathway inhibitor
Several clinical trials, ranging from Phase I to Phase IV, are currently underway to test the effectiveness of ATO in both ... RU-SKI 43 inhibits the activity of SHHat, an enzyme that catalyzes the palmitoylation of Shh. Since palmitoylation is essential ... The Journal of clinical investigation. 2011 Jan 4;121(1):148-60. You M, Varona-Santos J, Singh S, Robbins DJ, Savaraj N, Nguyen ... Clinical manifestations in 105 persons with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. American journal of medical genetics. 1997 ...
Discovery and development of cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors
... enzyme assays provided powerful means for assessing COX selectivity and potency and led to the discovery and clinical ... Enormous effort was spent on the development of NSAIDs between the 1960s and 1980 so there were numerous pharmacophores to test ... COX enzyme proved to be difficult to purify and was not sequenced until 1988. In 1991 the existence of the COX-2 enzyme was ... The two enzymes were renamed COX-1, referring to the original enzyme and COX-2. Building on those results, scientists started ...
Torovirus
... enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immune electron microscopy, hemagglutination-inhibition tests (HA/HI), and nucleic ... Many diagnostic techniques for torovirus infection in clinical specimens are now available such as hemagglutination (HA), ... ORFb1 encloses a domain that encodes for the enzymes such as RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and the helicase (Hel) that ... severity of illness and mortality was not much affected in the patients with torovirus as compared to the patients who tested ...
Enzyme-activated MR contrast agents
This makes them useful for in vivo assays of enzyme activity. They are distinguished from current, clinical MR contrast agents ... Such techniques permit scientists to test for gene activity and enzyme function throughout an organism. In contrast, many ... One group of compounds that has shown particular promise is enzyme-activated MR contrast agents. Enzyme-activated MR contrast ... Also, mechanisms other than enzyme activation, such as Ca2+-dependent activation, can theoretically be used. In general, enzyme ...
Β-Hydroxybutyric acid
The conversion of β-hydroxybutyrate to acetoacetate, which is catalyzed by this enzyme, reduces the NAD+ to NADH, generating an ... International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Retrieved 5 February 2018. Sleiman SF, Henry J, Al-Haddad R, El Hayek L ... Diabetic patients can have their ketone levels tested via urine or blood to indicate diabetic ketoacidosis. In alcoholic ... The concentration of β-hydroxybutyrate in blood plasma is measured through a test that uses β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, ...