... physiological processes G08 - reproductive and urinary physiology G09 - circulatory and respiratory physiology G10 - digestive ... biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity G05 - genetic processes G06 - biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and ... chemical and pharmacologic phenomena G13 - genetic phenomena G14 - genetic structures H - Physical Sciences H01 - natural ... respiratory tract diseases C09 - otorhinolaryngologic diseases C10 - nervous system diseases C11 - eye diseases C12 - urologic ...
A phenomenon improving pulmonary gas exchange and circulatory efficiency". Circulation. 94 (4): 842-7. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.94.4. ... Respiratory sinus arrhythmia is frequently used as a noninvasive method for investigating vagal tone, in physiological, ... A phenomenon improving pulmonary gas exchange and circulatory efficiency". Circulation. 94 (4): 842-7. doi:10.1161/01.cir.94.4. ... Porges SW (1986), "Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia: Physiological Basis, Quantitative Methods, and Clinical Implications", ...
... circulatory system, and respiratory system), which momentarily rekindles the momentarily paralysed life, in such a way that ... is an original phenomenon. From such, all relations between further phenomena can be derived and the latter thus understood ( ... they become the physiological basis of thinking, willing and feeling; through these soul-activities, human individuality can ... "A phenomenon, an experiment can prove nothing; it is the link of a great chain which is only valid in the context. He who would ...
Such physiological and cognitive functions are generally not believed to give rise to mental phenomena or qualia, however, as ... Chemoreceptors in the circulatory system also measure salt levels and prompt thirst if they get too high; they can also respond ... Pulmonary stretch receptors are found in the lungs and control the respiratory rate. Peripheral chemoreceptors in the brain ... Nociception (physiological pain) signals nerve-damage or damage to tissue. The three types of pain receptors are cutaneous ( ...
This phenomenon is known as aposematism. Some caterpillars, especially members of Papilionidae, contain an osmeterium, a Y- ... 279 In the circulatory system, hemolymph, or insect blood, is used to circulate heat in a form of thermoregulation, where ... as well as in certain specific morphological or physiological traits within a species. Environmental polymorphism, in which ... along the sides of the abdomen and thorax supplying the trachea with oxygen as it goes through the lepidopteran's respiratory ...
Much research has focused on estimating respiratory rate from the photoplethysmogram, as well as more detailed respiratory ... "Photoplethysmography and its application in clinical physiological measurement". Physiological Measurement. 28 (3): R1-39. doi: ... Reisner A, Shaltis PA, McCombie D, Asada HH (May 2008). "Utility of the photoplethysmogram in circulatory monitoring". ... "Novel photoplethysmography cardiovascular assessments in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon and systemic sclerosis: a pilot ...
Physiological diversity and its ecological implications. Blackwell Science, Oxford, U.K. x + 241 pp. Tracy, C. R.; J. S. Turner ... The respiratory system protects itself against damage by warming the incoming air to 80-90 degrees Fahrenheit before it reaches ... Cold stress is physiologically combated by shivering, accumulation of body fat, circulatory adaptations (that provide an ... and leaf of branch breakage are rather common phenomena, that plants have to accommodate. In the more extreme cases, plants can ...
On the organ and tissue scale in mammals and other animals, examples include the circulatory system, the respiratory system, ... The notion of physiological division of labor, introduced in the 1820s by the French physiologist Henri Milne-Edwards, allowed ... work incessantly to produce the phenomena that constitute the life of the individual." In more differentiated organisms, the ... Respiratory system: the organs used for breathing, the pharynx, larynx, bronchi, lungs and diaphragm. Digestive system: ...
Gastropods have open circulatory system and the transport fluid is hemolymph. Hemocyanin is present in the hemolymph as the ... The respiratory protein in almost all gastropods is hemocyanin, but one freshwater pulmonate family, the Planorbidae, have ... This process is unrelated to the coiling of the shell, which is a separate phenomenon. Torsion is present in all gastropods, ... The effects of torsion are primarily physiological. The organism develops by asymmetrical growth, with the majority of growth ...
... circulatory and respiratory health, gender and health, genetics, human development, infection, musculoskeletal health, diabetes ... A recent phenomenon, systems biology, is the result of the merger of molecular and cell biology with systems and control theory ... physiological and molecular levels. In Quebec, McGill has established the Centre for Nonlinear Dynamics in Physiology and ... Certain types of problems and phenomena are so complex that they are not easily studied or understood through the lens of one ...
Active transport Transport phenomena "5.2 Passive Transport - Biology 2e , OpenStax". openstax.org. Retrieved 2020-12-06. "5.2A ... Wagner, Peter D. (2015-01-01). "The physiological basis of pulmonary gas exchange: implications for clinical interpretation of ... oxygen is brought into the lungs and quickly diffuses across the membrane of alveoli and enters the circulatory system by ... arterial blood gases". European Respiratory Journal. 45 (1): 227-243. doi:10.1183/09031936.00039214. ISSN 0903-1936. PMID ...
... respiratory and circulatory effects of pressure on the brain, such as that resulting from brain tumors (14 min; color). PMF ... Physiological aspects of Undue Heat Load; Metabolic heat; Heat exchanges by radiation, convection, conduction, and vaporization ... biochemical phenomena illustrated by animation; laboratory technique of several Nobel prize winning scientists (40 min; color ... 5112 (1949) - Respiratory Reflexes Demonstrated in the Rabbit; Some of the simpler respiratory reflexes and their pathways (13 ...
Physiology studies how, for example, the nervous, immune, endocrine, respiratory, and circulatory systems function and interact ... Physiological studies have traditionally been divided into plant physiology and animal physiology, but some principles of ... development and vital phenomena. He divided them into two groups: animals with blood, equivalent to our concept of vertebrates ... Cell biology studies the structural and physiological properties of cells, including their behavior, interactions, and ...
There are no circulatory or respiratory systems; oxygen enters and carbon dioxide leaves the planarian's body by diffusing ... The organism itself does not have to be completely cut into separate pieces for the regeneration phenomenon to be witnessed. In ... The Physiological Basis of Memory. New York and London: Academic Press. pp. l-25. Shomrat T, Levin M (October 2013). "An ... Dalyell JG (1814). Observations on some interesting phenomena in animal physiology, exhibited by several species of planariae. ...
... excretion Breathing Respiratory system: lungs Circulation Circulatory system: heart - artery - vein - capillary - Blood - blood ... Chronobiology - field of biology that examines periodic (cyclic) phenomena in living organisms and their adaptation to solar- ... Behavioral neuroscience - study of physiological, genetic, and developmental mechanisms of behavior in humans and other animals ... Theoretical Biology - the mathematical modeling of biological phenomena. Zoology - study of animals, including classification, ...
The majority of current data comes from missions of short duration and so some of the long-term physiological effects of living ... Another effect is known as cosmic ray visual phenomena. [a] NASA survey of 300 male and female astronauts, about 23 percent of ... Severe symptoms, such as loss of oxygen in tissue, followed by circulatory failure and flaccid paralysis would occur in about ... but will continue to release water vapour leading to cooling and ice formation in the respiratory tract. A rough estimate is ...
"Proceedings of the Physiological Society, March 10, 1894. No. I". The Journal of Physiology. 16 (3-4): i-viii. April 1894. doi: ... He decided to run an experiment on male roosters to examine this phenomenon. He kept a group of roosters with their testes ... Hormonal signals can travel virtually anywhere in the circulatory system, whereas neural signals are restricted to pre-existing ... for autoimmune diseases and several respiratory disorders). Insulin is used by many diabetics. Local preparations for use in ...
The first phenomenon now recognized as Murray's law is Young's rule for circulatory systems, which states that two identical ... Murray's law is observed in the vascular and respiratory systems of animals, xylem in plants, and the respiratory system of ... Murray, Cecil D. (1926a). "The Physiological Principle of Minimum Work: I. The Vascular System and the Cost of Blood Volume". ... In circulatory system governed by Murray's law with α=3, shear stress on vessel walls is roughly constant. Consequently, ...
These two defects combined causes deoxygenated blood to bypass the lungs and going right back into the circulatory system. The ... The term is usually used to describe studies of such phenomena by invasive (intracardiac) catheter recording of spontaneous ... It would typically be modified depending on the indication and integrated with other examinations especially the respiratory ... and numerous physiological features (e.g., systole, heart sounds, afterload) that have been encyclopedically documented for ...
This can be caused by alterations in respiratory drive, such as in respiratory alkalosis, physiological or pathological ... Circulatory hypoxia, also known as ischemic hypoxia or stagnant hypoxia is caused by abnormally low blood flow to the lungs, ... but the phenomenon known as stunning is generally evident. If hypoxia continues beyond this period, necrosis propagates through ... Due to physiological processes, carbon monoxide is maintained at a resting level of 4-6 ppm. This is increased in urban areas ( ...
As the temperature decreases, further physiological systems falter and heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure all ... Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest is a medical technique in which the brain is cooled as low as 10 °C, which allows the heart ... Carter N, Green MA, Milroy CM, Clark JC (1995). "Letter to the editor: Terminal burrowing behaviour - a phenomenon of lethal ... fast respiratory rate, and contraction of blood vessels). These are all physiological responses to preserve heat. Increased ...
Antibodies with high activity at physiological temperature (approximately 37 °C) are termed warm autoantibodies. Cold ... and other respiratory infections. Less commonly, it can be caused by concomitant autoimmune disorders. Drug-induced AIHA, ... Hematology Hemolytic anemia List of circulatory system conditions List of hematologic conditions Splenomegaly Shoenfield, Y; et ... and impaired passage of red blood cells through capillaries in the extremities causes acrocyanosis and Raynaud phenomenon with ...
This type of death where circulatory and respiratory arrest happens is known as the circulatory definition of death (CDD). ... The concept of death is a key to human understanding of the phenomenon. There are many scientific approaches and various ... Physiological death is now seen as a process, more than an event: conditions once considered indicative of death are now ... Proponents of the CDD believe this definition is reasonable because a person with permanent loss of circulatory and respiratory ...
In a phenomenon known as philopatry, insects that hibernate have shown the ability to recall a specific location up to a year ... The respiratory system is an important factor that limits the size of insects. As insects get larger, this type of oxygen ... The insect circulatory system is open; it has no veins or arteries, and instead consists of little more than a single, ... Chemoreception is the physiological response of a sense organ (i.e. taste or smell) to a chemical stimulus where the chemicals ...
The second major physiological stress-response center, the HPA axis, regulates the release of cortisol, which influences many ... The organism's resistance to the stressor drops temporarily below the normal range and some level of shock (e.g. circulatory ... The ambiguity in defining this phenomenon was first recognized by Hans Selye (1907-1982) in 1926. In 1951 a commentator loosely ... Some studies have observed increased risk of upper respiratory tract infection during chronic life stress. In patients with HIV ...
The circulatory systems of all vertebrates are closed, just as in humans. Still, the systems of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and ... This phenomenon results in an architectural gear ratio, determined as longitudinal strain divided by fiber strain (εx / εf), ... The authors can be classified in 2 schools: Those who think that the major part of the respiratory changes are pre-programmed ... An organism's preferred temperature is typically the temperature at which the organism's physiological processes can act at ...
The naked mole-rat exhibits a highly unusual set of physiological and behavioral traits that allow it to thrive in a harsh ... The naked mole-rat lacks pain sensitivity in its skin, and has very low metabolic and respiratory rates. It is also remarkable ... Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 293 (2): H919-27. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.01287.2006. PMID 17468332. S2CID 19584646. "Ugly ... Inbreeding is a common phenomenon among naked mole-rats within a colony. Prolonged inbreeding is usually associated with lower ...
Other examples include the following: Physiological design Basic physiological design plays a role in the size of a given ... For example, animals with a closed circulatory system are larger than animals with open or no circulatory systems. Mechanical ... In biology this is appropriate because many biological phenomena (e.g. growth, reproduction, metabolism, sensation) are ... have similarly scaled respiratory and cardiovascular systems and the same relative amount of blood: about 5.5% of body mass. ...
Roca O, Riera J, Torres F, Masclans JR (April 2010). "High-flow oxygen therapy in acute respiratory failure". Respiratory Care ... This phenomenon is known as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). In rare instances, people receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy ... oxygen delivered later in the cycle will be inhaled into physiological dead space, wher it serves no useful purpose as it ... Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 285 (2): H643-52. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00900.2002. PMID 12714329. Riseman JA, Zamboni WA, ...
"Avian Circulatory System". people.eku.edu. Retrieved 2020-04-30. The Behavior Guide to African Mammals: Including Hoofed ... A Natural Resonating Bell; The Presence and Importance of a Resonant Phenomenon in the Locomotor Structure)". J. Exp. Biol. 134 ... respiratory quotient and breathing parameters in two convergent small bird species : the fork-tailed sunbird Aethopyga ... News in Physiological Sciences. 17 (3): 93-98. doi:10.1152/nips.01376.2001. PMID 12021378. S2CID 15241669. "Rumination: The ...