Ellison, D (2008). Handbook of chemical and biological warfare agents. Boca Raton: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-1434-6. OCLC ... and cause a more severe form of cholinergic poisoning (the similar IRAC MoA 1b). Fenoxycarb has a carbamate group but acts as a ... 2015). Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents. Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States: Academic Press. pp. 338-339 ... and some such as T-1123 and EA-3990 were investigated for potential military use as nerve agents. However, since all compounds ...

Three different PET contrast agents have been developed to image bacterial infections in vivo are [18F] maltose, [18F] ... cholinergic receptors (nicotinic and muscarinic) and other sites have been used successfully in studies with human subjects. ... These agents permit the visualization of neuroreceptor pools in the context of a plurality of neuropsychiatric and neurologic ...

Occupational asthma refers to a type of asthma that is resulted from repeated exposure to an agent that causes or exacerbates ... They work by blocking off the cholinergic receptors and reduces mucus secretion and bronchoconstriction. Another type of ... Although the primary cause for occupational asthma varies from situation to situation, common agents such as metal, diesel, ... Cooling of the respiratory tract may also activate cholinergic receptors, which can induce bronchoconstriction and mucus ...

Some sort of cholinergic effect might also be aversive. For example, muscarinic activity of benztropine analogs is known to ... This compound was first developed as a substitute agent for cocaine. Since this time many substituted phenylpiperidine ... June 2006). "Development of new brain imaging agents based upon nocaine-modafinil hybrid monoamine transporter inhibitors". ... Smith specifically states that the butyrophenone analog of nocaine is an active agent, as well as specifying pthalimide type ...

It was the result of extensive research on chemical agents targeting PDE5 that could be effective in treatment of coronary ... Erection is triggered by release of the neurotransmitter nitric oxide (NO) from non-adrenergic and non-cholinergic neurons from ... As of 2011, the long-acting agent tadalafil is licensed for the treatment of urinary symptoms resulting from benign prostatic ... PDE5 has also been considered as a potential therapeutic agent for parasitic disease such as African sleeping sickness. ...

Consider an agent able to manipulate its environment and thus its own sensory inputs. The agent can use a black box ... This may be due to changes in cholinergic and noradrenergic neuromodulation that occurs during REM sleep. During this period of ... This motivates the agent to perform continual, open-ended, active, creative exploration. Schmidhuber's work is highly ... A wow-effect is formally defined as follows: As the agent is creating and predicting and encoding the continually growing ...

Doses in excess of 3 mg daily often required use of an anticholinergic drug to combat excessive cholinergic activity in many ... Antihypertensive agents, Benzoate esters, Fetotoxins, Heterocyclic compounds with 5 rings, Tryptamine alkaloids, Indole ethers ... due to increased cholinergic activity in gastric tissue and impaired mucosal quality), stomach cramps and diarrhea. The drug ... the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group in Anti-hypertensive Agents, and the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly ...

It has a cholinergic effect, involving depression of the cholinesterase activity of the peripheral and central nervous system ... The chemical also reacts to form toxic and flammable gases in the presence of hydrides and other reducing agents. It is able to ...

The cholinergic system consists of projection neurons from the pedunculopontine nucleus, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, and ... Augmenting Agents, Serotonin-Dopamine Activity Modulators, Antidepressants, Other, Stimulants, Thyroid Products, Neurology & ... ISBN 978-0-443-07145-4. Woolf NJ, Butcher LL (1989). "Cholinergic systems in the rat brain: IV. Descending projections of the ... 474 for noradrenaline system, page 476 for dopamine system, page 480 for serotonin system and page 483 for cholinergic system. ...

Stanton T, Bolden-Watson C, Cusack B, Richelson E (1993). "Antagonism of the five cloned human muscarinic cholinergic receptors ... 836-. ISBN 978-0-7817-2845-4. Morton IK, Hall JM (6 December 2012). Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: Properties ... 532-. ISBN 978-0-19-162675-3. Psychotropic Agents: Part I: Antipsychotics and Antidepressants. Springer Science & Business ...

Anti-inflammatory agents, Immunomodulating drugs, Antimalarial agents, Antiviral drugs, Experimental drugs). ... Tracey KJ (February 2007). "Physiology and immunology of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway". The Journal of Clinical ... a macrophage-deactivating agent" (Free full text). Journal of Immunology. 160 (11): 5588-95. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.160.11.5588. ... thereby down-regulating inflammatory pathways via the recently discovered cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. In a ...

as agents of disease in humans". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 16 (2): 273-307. doi:10.1128/CMR.16.2.273-307.2003. PMC 153146 ... Discovery of Acetylcholine and the Components of the Human Cholinergic System in a Primitive Unicellular Eukaryote Acanthamoeba ... as agents of disease in humans". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 16 (2): 273-307. doi:10.1128/CMR.16.2.273-307.2003. PMC 153146 ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 57 (8): 3561-7. doi:10.1128/AAC.00299-13. PMC 3719691. PMID 23669391. Baig AM (August ...

Bruno, M. A. (2004-09-15). "Long-Lasting Rescue of Age-Associated Deficits in Cognition and the CNS Cholinergic Phenotype by a ... "Neurotrophin receptor agonists and antagonists as therapeutic agents: An evolving paradigm". Neurobiology of Disease. 97 (Pt B ... Oral administration in AD mice models reduces degeneration of cholinergic neurites. Furthermore, by a direct activation of ... Reverses Cholinergic Neurite Dystrophy in Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Models with Mid- to Late-Stage Disease Progression". PLOS ...

Parnetti L, Mignini F, Tomassoni D, Traini E, Amenta F (June 2007). "Cholinergic precursors in the treatment of cognitive ... containing phospholipid with a still interesting profile as cognition enhancing agent", Current Alzheimer Research, vol. 10, no ...

BDNF improves survival of cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain, as well as neurons in the hippocampus and cortex. TrkC ... Therefore, it raises the possibility that both of these agents are involved in some sorting mechanism that is not well ... particularly cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain, as well as neurons in the hippocampus and cortex. BDNF belongs to the ...

... also affects the cholinergic system where it is a moderate inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Caffeine from ... Theobromine Theophylline Methylliberine Adderall Amphetamine Cocaine Nootropic Wakefulness-promoting agent Notes In 1819, Runge ... an agent that reduces the effects of adenosine). The caffeine molecule is structurally similar to adenosine, and is capable of ... there is no known antidote or reversal agent for caffeine intoxication. Treatment of mild caffeine intoxication is directed ...

Stanton T, Bolden-Watson C, Cusack B, Richelson E (June 1993). "Antagonism of the five cloned human muscarinic cholinergic ... While imprecise, comparison of the results of trials of sertraline with separate trials of other anti-panic agents ( ... Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. 9 (3): 197-204. doi:10.2174/1871524910909030197. PMID 20021354. Sprouse J ... "Sertraline versus other antidepressive agents for depression". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4): CD006117. doi: ...

This inhibition enhances the effect of acetylcholine, making it useful for the treatment of cholinergic disorders and ... a potent sedative-hypnotic agent that can cause loss of consciousness, loss of muscle control, and death).[citation needed] ... An overdose can cause cholinergic syndrome. Other side effects may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, dizziness, ...

Scorza C, Silveira R, Nichols DE, Reyes-Parada M (July 1999). "Effects of 5-HT-releasing agents on the extracellullar ... or hippocampal cholinergic denervation (by fornix transection) in primates. Furthermore, 5-HT1A receptor antagonists such as ... selective serotonin releasing agents (SSRAs) such as MDAI and MMAI have been proposed as novel antidepressants with a ... 5-HT1A receptor activation likely plays a significant role in the positive effects of serotonin releasing agents (SRAs) like ...

In horses, such cooling sweat is created by apocrine glands and contains a wetting agent, the protein latherin, so it tranfers ... Sweat glands, piloerector muscles, and some blood vessels are innervated by sympathetic cholinergic neurons. Diaphoresis may be ... The vast majority of sweat glands in the body are innervated by sympathetic cholinergic neurons. Sympathetic postganglionic ... postganglionic neurons that innervate sweat glands secrete acetylcholine and hence are termed sympathetic cholinergic neurons. ...

So cotreatment with another, more potent, antipsychotic agent is needed. Chlorprothixene is structurally related to ... "Antagonism by antimuscarinic and neuroleptic compounds at the five cloned human muscarinic cholinergic receptors expressed in ... "Binding of typical and atypical antipsychotic agents to 5-hydroxytryptamine-6 and 5-hydroxytryptamine-7 receptors". J. ... tricyclic antidepressants and antiparkinsonian agents): Particularly the elderly may develop delirium, high fever, severe ...

... and not all drugs used to treat atherosclerosis are triglyceride-lowering agents. A drug class is typically defined by a ... 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor ACE inhibitor Alpha-adrenergic agonist Angiotensin II receptor antagonist Beta blocker Cholinergic ... not all triglyceride lowering agents are PPAR agonists, ...

Adrenergics and Cholinergic". Pharmaxchange. Archived from the original on 4 November 2010. Retrieved June 21, 2017. Procaccini ... Inotropic agents, TAAR1 agonists, Phenylethanolamines, Isopropylamino compounds). ...

Insecticides like chlorethoxyfos are designed as lethal agents. Chlorethoxyfos is designed to be less toxic for humans than for ... The function of acetylcholinesterase is to break down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine which is released at cholinergic nerve ...

Stanton T, Bolden-Watson C, Cusack B, Richelson E (June 1993). "Antagonism of the five cloned human muscarinic cholinergic ... 836-. ISBN 978-0-7817-2845-4. Morton IK, Hall JM (6 December 2012). Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: Properties ...

As LF is the agent responsible for the death of infected hosts, it is classified in the group of lethal toxins. Diphtheria ... When tetanus toxin enters the body it is taken up by cholinergic nerve endings traveling axonally into the brain and spinal ... Mycotoxins can also play a role in chemical warfare agents, CWA, which are chemicals that contain toxins that are used to cause ... Lethal toxins refers to the group of toxins that are the obvious agents responsible for death associated with the infection. ...

... detoxifying agents). A study showed that the exposure to quisqualic acid revealed that P450, GST were involved. It is also ... "Excitotoxic lesions of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons: effects on learning, memory and attention". Behavioural Brain ...

Camps P, Muñoz-Torrero D (February 2002). "Cholinergic drugs in pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease". Mini Reviews in ... Antidementia agents, Novartis brands, Aromatic carbamates, Israeli inventions, Treatment of Alzheimer's disease). ...

A muscarinic receptor antagonist (MRA) is a type of anticholinergic agent that blocks the activity of the muscarinic ... Stanton T, Bolden-Watson C, Cusack B, Richelson E (1993). "Antagonism of the five cloned human muscarinic cholinergic receptors ... One method of balancing the neurotransmitters is through blocking central cholinergic activity using muscarinic receptor ... MeSH list of agents 82018727 (CS1 maint: location missing publisher, CS1 French-language sources (fr), Articles with short ...

Pesticides are the agents most frequently used by farmers and students in India to commit suicide. Pesticide poisoning is an ... Besides acute symptoms including cholinergic crisis, certain organophosphates have long been known to cause a delayed-onset ...