Na+/K+-ATPase can no longer maintain sodium/potassium ion concentration gradients across the plasma membrane. Glutamate ... This is linked to an inadequate supply of ATP, which drives the glutamate transport levels that keep the concentrations of ... Expression of NR2A mRNA has also been found to be altered in the inhibitory neurons that contain another calcium buffer, ... Barbado M, Fablet K, Ronjat M, De Waard M (June 2009). "Gene regulation by voltage-dependent calcium channels" (PDF). Biochim. ...

The calcium from a dense granule accounts for the majority of the calcium within the platelets and plays a role in the binding ... To maintain the low pH within the granule, there is a Hydrogen ion pumping ATPase. Ral has been found within the granule's ... study of cargo transport and function of Rab32 and Rab38 in a model system. Blood, 120(19), 4072-4081. doi:10.1182/blood-2012- ... The calcium levels within the dense granule allows for no extra staining when viewing the dense granule with an electron ...

An ATPase for the active transport of the subunits would also be required. The T-DNA must be cut out of the circular plasmid. ... a calcium-dependent outer membrane protein called rhicadhesin is produced, which also aids in sticking the bacteria to the cell ...

... also known as sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 (SERCA2) is an ATPase associated with Darier's disease ... ATPase sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transporting 2 ATP2A2+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine ... This gene encodes one of the SERCA Ca(2+)-ATPases, which are intracellular pumps located in the sarcoplasmic or endoplasmic ... This enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the translocation of calcium from the cytosol to the sarcoplasmic ...

The calcium-sensitive nature of IP3Rs and RyRs makes both receptors capable of regenerative calcium-induced calcium release ( ... This observation suggests the SA might play a role in vesicular transport, although a specific mechanism is not yet clear. ... removed from the cytoplasm through Na+/Ca2+ exchangers in the plasma membrane and by sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPases ( ... Calcium is finally refilled by ORAI-STIM1 mostly located in clusters in the spine head. Tthe slow calcium influx through this ...

Many viruses use the microtubule transport system to transport nucleic acid/protein cores to intracellular replication sites ... Centerin and components of the outer axonemal dynein arms detect fluctuations in calcium concentration. Calcium fluctuations ... The force-generating ATPase activity of each dynein heavy chain is located in its large doughnut-shaped "head", which is ... It also helps transport cargo needed for cell function such as vesicles made by the endoplasmic reticulum, endosomes, and ...

... gradients are established by the Na+/K+-ATPase (sodium-potassium pump) which transports 2 potassium ions inside and 3 sodium ... The resting potential exists due to the differences in membrane permeabilities for potassium, sodium, calcium, and chloride ... Other cells with little in the way of membrane transport functions that change with time have a resting membrane potential that ... Due to the active transport of potassium ions, the concentration of potassium is higher inside cells than outside. Most cells ...

V-ATPase, a proton pump protein, has been shown to be reliant on Rab11FIP5 mediated vesicle trafficking. When Rab11FIP5 is ... This is in contrast to the fast constitutive recycling route which allows for the direct transport of cargo from the endosome ... Knockdown of Rab11FIP5 inhibited calcium-stimulated dense core vesicle (DCV) exocytosis in a neuroendocrine cell line BON cells ... This process allows for the coordination and organization of endosomal transport and ultimately gives Rab11 its versatile ...

... or Na+-translocating F-type ATPase, V-type ATPase and A-type ATPase superfamily 3.A.3 The P-type ATPase Superfamily 3.A.4 The ... Family 1.A.106 The Calcium Load-activated Calcium Channel (CLAC) Family 1.A.107 The Pore-forming Globin (Globin) Family 1.B.1 ... Family 3.B.1 The Na+-transporting Carboxylic Acid Decarboxylase (NaT-DC) Family 3.C.1 The Na+ Transporting ... Family 1.D.58 The Anion Transporting Prodigiosene (Prodigiosene) Family 1.D.59 The Anion Transporting Perenosin (Perenosin) ...

Calcium is an essential factor for the development of cardiac myocyte contraction and relaxation. Thus, the management of ... SUMO 1 is associated with another essential cardiac protein called sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase, or SERCA2A. SERCA ... such as nuclear transport, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, and protein stability. It is not active until the last four ... Its main function is to regulate the discharge and uptake of intracellular calcium between the cytosol and the lumen of the ...

The water and chloride, as well as the sodium pumped out by the ATPase, will be absorbed into the bloodstream. Metolazone and ... Since thiazide diuretics affect the transport of electrolytes and water in the kidney, they can be responsible for ... high calcium), and hyperuricemia (high uric acid). These may result in dizziness, headache, or heart arrhythmias (palpitations ... As sodium is pumped out of the cell by the ATPase, its intracellular concentration falls, and additional sodium begins to ...

H+ transporting, lysosomal V0 subunit a1 ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 1 ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 ... member A1 Replication protein A1 S100 calcium binding protein A1 Sec61 alpha 1 Serum amyloid A1 Solute carrier family 35 (CMP- ... alpha 1 Potassium large conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily M, alpha 1 Proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, ... member A1 Alpha-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor Apolipoprotein A1 and ApoA-1 Milano ATPase, ...

Following the synthesis, the ATP-binding cassette transporters (teichoic-acid-transporting ATPase) TarGH (P42953, P42954) flip ... The main function of teichoic acids is to provide flexibility to the cell-wall by attracting cations such as calcium and ...

... based on transport and ATPase measurements. The two often observed co-operative behavior between 2 substrates, and found that ... They postulated that the role of the cell's calcium-binding proteins was to raise effective calcium concentrations and thus ... The kinetic equations of membrane transport were developed by Stein, together with William Lieb, and published in "Transport ... cation exchangers or co-transport proteins). Stein collaborated with Felix Bronner, an authority on the physiology of calcium ...

Germain-Lee EL, Obie C, Valle D (Aug 1997). "NVL: a new member of the AAA family of ATPases localized to the nucleus". Genomics ... Sagiv Y, Legesse-Miller A, Porat A, Elazar Z (Apr 2000). "GATE-16, a membrane transport modulator, interacts with NSF and the ... Michaut M, Tomes CN, De Blas G, Yunes R, Mayorga LS (Aug 2000). "Calcium-triggered acrosomal exocytosis in human spermatozoa ... Recent work indicates that the ATPase function of NSF does not function in recycling of vesicles but rather functions in the ...

The interaction with SNAP stimulates the ATPase activity of the NSF when assembled into the 20S complex, and ultimately leads ... Further studies demonstrated that the ATP hydrolysis step occurs prior to a calcium ion mediated fusion event, and thus ... Rice LM, Brunger AT (July 1999). "Crystal structure of the vesicular transport protein Sec17: implications for SNAP function in ... These complex form similar structures for both synaptic and vacuolar systems including the Golgi transport. Data generated ...

The ATPase uses energy from ATP to pump three sodium ions out of the cell and two potassium ions into the cell. The potassium ... Lowy, R.J.; Dawson, D.C.; Ernst, S.A. (1989). "Mechanism of ion transport by avian salt gland primary cell cultures". American ... The sinoatrial node uses calcium to cause a depolarizing signal transduction pathway from the atrium through right and left ... Sodium-Potassium ATPase works with a Sodium-Chloride cotransporter (also known as the NKCC), and a basal potassium channel to ...

Calcium is required to open the pores, although calcium may work in reverse by blocking at least one of the pores. Carbonyl ... The ion transport system moves potassium across the cell membrane using two mechanisms. One is active and pumps sodium out of, ... The movement of potassium and sodium through the cell membrane is mediated by the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase pump. This ion pump uses ATP to ... The body has about as much potassium as sulfur and chlorine, and only calcium and phosphorus are more abundant (with the ...

Long-chain acyl-CoAs also regulate opening of ATP-sensitive potassium channels and activation of Calcium ATPases, thereby ... Glick BS, Rothman JE (Mar 1987). "Possible role for fatty acyl-coenzyme A in intracellular protein transport". Nature. 326 ( ...

Movsesian MA, Karimi M, Green K, Jones LR (August 1994). "Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase, phospholamban, and calsequestrin levels ... inhibiting calcium extrusion and possibly facilitating calcium entry., Additionally, istaroxime increases intracellular calcium ... relaxation phase by increasing the rate of intracellular calcium sequestration by Sarco/endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium ATPase, ... Na+/K+ ATPase inhibition increases intracellular sodium levels, which reverses the driving force of the sodium/calcium ...

Long-chain acyl-CoAs also regulate opening of ATP-sensitive potassium channels and activation of Calcium ATPases, thereby ... Glick BS, Rothman JE (Mar 1987). "Possible role for fatty acyl-coenzyme A in intracellular protein transport". Nature. 326 ( ...

Calcium also plays a part in bone structure as the rigidity of vertebrae bone matrices are akin to the nature of the calcium ... It does this via two important transport proteins called hemoglobin and myoglobin. Hemoglobin in the blood transports oxygen ... In phosphorylating enzymes like ATPase or kinases and phosphates, magnesium acts as a stabilizing ion in polyphosphate ... Calcium is the most abundant metal in the eukaryotes and by extension humans. The body is made up of approximate 1.5% calcium ...

The V-ATPase is important in mediating the transport of hydrogen ions into the resorption lacunae, which is a pit on the bone ... Symptomatic treatment involves the reduction in calcium intake in diet. Less than 30 cases of DSS have been reported in ... The TCIRG1 gene is present in chromosome locus 11q13, which encodes for the a3 subunit of vacuolar H+ ATPase (V-ATPase) that is ... Advice of control and reduction in excessive calcium intake may be recommended by physicians to ensure circulating levels of ...

Tazawa showed that the extremely hyperpolarized membrane potential of Chara is due to an electrogenic H+ ATPase Tazawa has ... Okazaki, Y, Tazawa, M. (1990). "Calcium ion and turgor regulation in plant cells" (PDF). J. Membrane Biol. 114 (3): 189-194. ... water and ion transport, regulation of proton pumps, mechanisms of salt tolerance in plants, regulation of the turgor and ... Tazawa, M., Katsuhara, M., Wayne, R (2022). "Calcium control of the hydraulic resistance in cells of Chara corallina". ...

This calcium then interacts with calcineurin and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases that in turn activate transcription ... Kannan M, Sivaprakasam C, Prinz WA, Nachiappan V (December 2016). "Endoplasmic reticulum stress affects the transport of ... thapsigargin leads to ER Ca2+ depletion due to inhibition of the Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA). A23187 ... Lee AS (January 1987). "Coordinated regulation of a set of genes by glucose and calcium ionophores in mammalian cells". Trends ...

An additional feature of a low-energy state is failure to maintain axonal transport via dynein/kinesin ATPases, which in many ... voltage-gated calcium channel, voltage-gated potassium channel, or other currently recognized paraneoplastic antibodies) to ... failure of the Na/K ATPase, resulting in a loss of the gradient to drive the Na/Ca antiporter, which normally keeps Ca+ 2 out ...

... stimulates secretion of H+ via the H+/ATPase in the intercalated cells of the cortical collecting tubules ... Some of the transcribed genes are crucial for transepithelial sodium transport, including the three subunits of the epithelial ... Although sustained production of aldosterone requires persistent calcium entry through low-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels, ... "Voltage-gated calcium channels in the human adrenal and primary aldosteronism". J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 144 (part B): 410- ...

Alpha- and gamma-SNAP are found in a wide range of tissues and act synergistically in intra-Golgi transport. The sequence of ... Barnard RJ, Morgan A, Burgoyne RD (Nov 1997). "Stimulation of NSF ATPase activity by alpha-SNAP is required for SNARE complex ... "An essential and NSF independent role for α-SNAP in store-operated calcium entry". eLife. 2: e00802. doi:10.7554/eLife.00802. ... Lowe SL, Peter F, Subramaniam VN, Wong SH, Hong W (1997). "A SNARE involved in protein transport through the Golgi apparatus". ...

Dynein-mediated transport takes place from the (+) end towards the (-) end of the microtubule. ATP hydrolysis occurs in the ... Very low levels of free calcium can destabilize microtubules and this prevented early researchers from studying the polymer in ... globular head domains, which share similarities with the AAA+ (ATPase associated with various cellular activities) protein ... Dynein transports vesicles and organelles throughout the cytoplasm. In order to do this, dynein molecules bind organelle ...

This transport channel was found to cause either an influx or efflux of malate depending on the concentrations of calcium. In a ... The phosphorylated H+-ATPase allows the binding of a 14-3-3 protein to an autoinhibitory domain of the H+-ATPase at the C ... Ward JM & Schroeder JI (1994) Calcium-activated K++ channels and calcium-induced calcium release by slow vacuolar ion channels ... Vacuolar K+ (VK) channels are activated by elevation in the intracellular calcium concentration. Another type of calcium- ...