Antiviral protein
HIV and the Ebola and Dengue viruses. Consequently pharmacological induction of IFITM3 potentially could be used to treat a ... Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 47 (3): 1052-61. doi:10.1128/aac.47.3.1052-1061.2003. PMC 149289. PMID 12604541. Gupte R ... "Structure-based design and engineering of a nontoxic recombinant pokeweed antiviral protein with potent anti-human ... including HIV and influenza.[citation needed] Pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP) is a ribosome inactivating protein that provides ...
Saliva testing
The accuracy of saliva anti-HIV antibody testing has been confirmed by many additional studies, leading to approval of this ... Complete List of Donor Screening Assays for Infectious Agents and HIV Diagnostic Assays. https://www.fda.gov/ ... The accuracy of saliva anti-HIV antibody testing has been demonstrated in numerous studies; two recent large-scale studies ... This method is commonly used as a point-of-care (POC) technique to screen for HIV. However, using absorbent pads and chemical ...
Prostitution in Venezuela
HIV tests are required every six months. Sex workers are not screened for infections caused by the hepatitis B or C viruses. ... In 1930, an anti-venereal institute conducted a census of major towns in the state, and prostitutes were required to report ... Many go to private agents or "gestores" to obtain documents. There have been no large-scale studies in order to collect ... In 1935, the government made the first Sunday in September Anti-Venereal Disease Day. By 1947, the government estimated that 64 ...
Meningoencephalitis
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (anti-NMDA) receptor antibodies, which are also associated with seizures and a movement disorder, and ... agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF)), Rickettsia conorii, Rickettsia prowazekii (agent of epidemic louse-borne typhus ... HIV, a very small number of individuals exhibit meningoencephalitis at the primary stage of infection. Antibodies targeting ... "Acute meningoencephalitis and meningitis due to primary HIV infection". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 325 (7374): 1225-7. doi: ...
Makerere University Walter Reed Project
A key component of these activities has been provision of HIV care including anti-retroviral treatment (ARV) through funding ... understanding of the pathogenesis and related host-mediated pathways associated with common and/or dangerous infectious agents ... Cross-cutting HIV programs include: expanding the number of HIV clinical sites, provision of efficient laboratory capacity, ... "Large Multinational HIV Cohort Study Begins in Africa". MUWRP. 2013-02-27. Archived from the original on 2013-09-27. Retrieved ...
KCNB1
Agents that interfere with the Kv2.1/syntaxin interaction are highly neuroprotective in acute ischemic injury models (stroke) ... Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)-associated dementia (HAD) may be driven by an overabundance of glutamate, which in ... or anti-apoptotic factors. KCNB1 has been shown to interact with: KCNH1, and PTPRE. Voltage-gated potassium channel ... Keblesh J, Hu D, Xiong H (March 2009). "Voltage-gated potassium channels in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1)- ...
Thymidine kinase
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. 6 (2): 127-44. doi:10.2174/187152006776119171. PMID 16529536. Byun Y, Yan J, Al- ... implication for mitochondrial toxicities of anti-HIV nucleoside analogs". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. ... November 2013). "Cellular influx, efflux, and anabolism of 3-carboranyl thymidine analogs: potential boron delivery agents for ... September 2004). "Boron-containing nucleosides as potential delivery agents for neutron capture therapy of brain tumors". ...
Myelitis
Immunosuppressants/Immunomodulatory agents Myelitis with no definite cause seldom recurs, but for others, myelitis may be a ... In 2016, it was identified in Mayo clinic an autoimmune form of myelitis due to the presence of anti-GFAP autoantibodies. ... Viral myelitis Most viral myelitis is acute, but the retroviruses (such as HIV and HTLV) can cause chronic myelitis. ... Direct infection by viruses, bacteria, mold, or parasites such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human T-lymphotropic ...
Pharmacoepigenetics
CXCR4 is a protein that acts as a coreceptor for the entry of HIV. It has been developed as a drug target for anti-HIV therapy ... traditional chemotherapy agents, and epigenetic drugs. Human cancer is generally characterized by hypermethylation of specific ... Thus, this could affect the efficiency and drug response to the anti-HIV therapy. CYP1A1 is a protein that is well known for ... in DNA to itself to fight against mutagenesis and the buildup of toxic compounds that result from alkylating agents. Therefore ...
Phosphonate
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. 9 (5): 526-42. doi:10.2174/187152009788451860. PMID 19519294. Huang J, Su Z, Xu Y ( ... one of the cornerstones of anti-HIV therapy. And there is an indication that phosphonate derivatives are "promising ligands for ... chelating agent EDTMP: Ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid), chelating agent TDTMP: Tetramethylenediaminetetra( ... methylenephosphonic acid), chelating agent HDTMP: Hexamethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid), chelating agent DTPMP: ...
Hemithioacetal
Other examples include 2-hydroxytetrahydrothiophene and the anti-HIV drug Lamivudine. Another class of isolable hemithioacetals ... "Enantioselective enzymatic synthesis of the anti-viral agent lamivudine (3TC™)". Tetrahedron Letters. 36 (38): 6961-6964. doi: ...
Lamivudine
... (Epivir) is indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV‑1 infection. ... A better explanation of the data is that lamivudine continues to have a partial anti-viral effect even in the presence of the ... HIV or HBV-infected women on lamivudine are warned to discontinue breastfeeding as this puts the baby at risk for HIV ... It is effective against both HIV-1 and HIV-2. It is typically used in combination with other antiretrovirals such as zidovudine ...
McGill University Health Centre
Porter left Canada, and was apprehended by Interpol agents with his wife in Panama, where he was imprisoned while awaiting his ... Further investigation of the case by Quebec anti-corruption investigators resulted in allegations of the involvement of SNC- ... "A state-of-the-art, multipod facility for studies of tuberculosis, influenza and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)". Research ...
Michel Faulkner
Faulkner is anti-abortion. Faulkner has been critical of the law, stating that it was enacted before legislators had read it, ... and being an agent of transformation to bring the Gospel to Harlem." Mayor Rudolph Giuliani appointed Faulkner to the Task ... served as Commissioner of the City Charter Review initiative and as co-chairman for the New York City Board of Education's HIV/ ... "fuel feelings of anti-Semitism." Faulkner stated that government spending was an important issue for him: "My campaign is not ...
European Inventor Award
Non-EPO countries: Zhou Yiqing and his team (China) for an anti-malaria drug based on a herbal agent, which has been ... including developing the drug cocktail for HIV/AIDS which has become the therapy gold standard of the early 21st century. The ... The 2022 winners were: Industry: Jaan Leis, Mati Arulepp, and Anti Perkson (Estonia) for inventing a revolutionary no-waste car ... for his work on targeted anti-cancer drugs SMEs: Tue Johannessen, Ulrich Quaade, Claus Hviid Christensen, Jens Kehlet Nørskov ( ...
Traditional African medicine
A 2001 study of rural Ethiopian women where HIV was present found that they rejected the presence of HIV in rural villages and ... "The pharmaceutical industry has come to consider traditional medicine as a source for identification of bio-active agents that ... A literature survey in 2014, indicated that several African medicinal plants contain bioactive anti-trypanosomal compounds that ... In another study, which explored the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Ghana, women identified HIV/AIDS with reprobate behaviour, such as " ...
Recombinase polymerase amplification
"Rapid Detection of HIV-1 Proviral DNA for Early Infant Diagnosis Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification". mBio. 4 (2): ... "Development of a Panel of Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assays for Detection of Biothreat Agents". Journal of Clinical ... "An aptamer-based bio-barcode assay with isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification for cytochrome-c detection and anti- ... "A paper and plastic device for performing recombinase polymerase amplification of HIV DNA". Lab on a Chip. 12 (17): 3082-8. doi ...
Toll-like receptor 7
February 2002). "Small anti-viral compounds activate immune cells via the TLR7 MyD88-dependent signaling pathway". Nature ... TLR7 recognizes single-stranded RNA of viruses such as HIV and HCV. TLR7 can recognize GU-rich single-stranded RNA. However, ... They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the ... Due to their ability to induce robust production of anti-cancer cytokines such as interleukin-12, TLR7 agonists have been ...
Pafuramidine
Chen D, Marsh R, Aberg JA (2007). "Pafuramidine for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in HIV-infected individuals". Expert Review ... of Anti-infective Therapy. 5 (6): 921-8. doi:10.1586/14787210.5.6.921. PMID 18039076. S2CID 22249374. "Pafuramidine maleate ( ... Antiparasitic agents, Amidines). ... US Food and Drug Administration for PCP in patients with HIV/ ...
CD90
Crosslinking anti-Thy-1 Ab can promote neurite outgrowth which is dependent on G{alpha}i and L- and N-type calcium channel ... Agents shown to induce Thy-1 expression include: Thymopoietin, thymosin, prostaglandins, nerve growth factor, IL-1, TNF, PMA, ... HIV-1 Matrix co-localizes with Thy-1 in lipid rafts, the site of virus particle budding from cells, and Thy-1 is incorporated ... Fibrosis induced by chemotherapeutic agent Bleomycin is also increased in these mice. Thy-1 knock out mice also show impaired ...
Murine respirovirus
"Immunoreactivity of leukemic lymphoblasts of T-cell and B-cell precursor origin with monoclonal anti-GD3 and anti-GM3 ... The isolated infectious agent was later called Sendai virus, which was used interchangeably with the name "Hemagglutinating ... A SeV-based vaccine development against HIV-1 has reached a phase II clinical trial. In Japan intranasal Sendai virus-based ... Anti-IFN activity of C protein is shared across the family Paramyxoviridae, and therefore appears to play an important role in ...
Eosinophilic myocarditis
Hypersensitivity reactions to agents include: Antibiotics/anti-viral agents: various penicillins (e.g. penicillin, ampicillin ... Viruses: While some viral infections (e.g. HIV) have been considered causes of eosinophilic endocarditis, a study of 20 ... Anti-inflammatory agents: ibuprofen, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone, acetazolamide, piroxicam, diclofenac. ... Toxic reactions to ingested agents: discontinuance of the ingested agent plus corticosteroids or other non-specific ...
Conscience
Moral anti-realists debate whether the moral facts necessary to activate conscience supervene on natural facts with a ... W. Mark Felt an agent of the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation who retired in 1973 as the Bureau's Associate ... HIV/AIDS and famine, people in relatively prosperous developed countries have been spared pangs of conscience associated with ... Tommie Smith and Peter Norman ignored death threats and official warnings to take part in an anti-racism protest that destroyed ...
Deaths in January 2021
Joseph Sonnabend, 88, South African physician and HIV/AIDS researcher (How to Have Sex in an Epidemic), complications from a ... Tiit Lilleorg, 79, Estonian actor (Agent Wild Duck, Autumn Ball, O2), COVID-19. Thomas V. Miller Jr., 78, American politician, ... Sifis Valirakis, 77, Greek politician and anti-junta activist, MP (1977-2004, 2009-2012) and minister of public order (1995- ... Tseng Chang, 90, Chinese-American actor (Romeo Must Die, Agent Cody Banks, 2012). Jaoid Chiguer, 35, French Olympic boxer (2008 ...
Ajoene
Hassan HT (2004). "Ajoene (natural garlic compound): a new anti-leukaemia agent for AML therapy". Leukemia Research. 28 (7): ... In the infected cell system of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), it is shown to block the integrin-dependent processes. ... of lung adenocarcinoma and as an anti-leukemia agent for acute myeloid leukemia therapy. Ajoene has been found to decrease ... Block E, Ahmad S, Jain MK, Crecely R, Apitz-Castro R, Cruz MR (1984). "(E,Z)-Ajoene: A potent antithrombotic agent from garlic ...
Candida tropicalis
Nystatin is a type of antifungal agent used because it is not absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. These types of agents ... Patients with C. tropicalis infections are also seen with denture, HIV infection or irradiation for malignancies. 38% of AIDS ... anti-neoplastic chemotherapy, previous neutropenia, central venous catheters, long stay on intensive care and total parenteral ... Topical antifungal agents are commonly taken in 3 forms: oral suspension, ointment and powder. Oral suspension is mainly used ...
Naturally occurring phenols
... is a drug under development for the treatment of diarrhea associated with anti-HIV drugs. Additionally, derivatives have been ... The hardening of the protein component of insect cuticle has been shown to be due to the tanning action of an agent produced by ... An oxidizing agent, permanganate, is used to oxidize known concentrations of a standard solution, producing a standard curve. ... Phenolic compounds can act as protective agents, inhibitors, natural animal toxicants and pesticides against invading organisms ...
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
Since the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the 1980s, IRIS is now mostly associated with the initiation of HIV treatment with highly active ... Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be used to alleviate inflammatory symptoms, such as fever or pain. Abscess ... patients are prescribed immunosuppressive agents, such as tacrolimus or cyclosporine. These medications target CD4 immune cells ... Bohjanen PR, Boulware DR (2008). "HIV Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome". Global HIV/AIDS Medicine. pp. 193-205. doi: ...
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
... an agent from Group D2 and other agents from Group D3 may be added to bring the total to five. It is recommended that the ... prior use of anti-TB medications, inadequate absorption of medication, underlying disease, and noncompliance with anti-TB drugs ... Whether the patient is HIV-positive or not (HIV co-infection is associated with increased mortality). The majority of patients ... In addition to the obvious risks (i.e., known exposure to a patient with MDR-TB), risk factors for MDR-TB include HIV infection ...
Tuberculosis
This is a particular problem in sub-Saharan Africa, where HIV infection rates are high. Of those without HIV infection who are ... Treatment with anti-TB drugs for at least 6 months results in higher success rates when compared with treatment less than 6 ... The safety and effectiveness of these new agents are uncertain as of 2012, because they are based on the results of relatively ... In those with HIV, the risk of developing active TB increases to nearly 10% a year. If effective treatment is not given, the ...
Cyanobacteria
... may possess the ability to produce substances that could one day serve as anti-inflammatory agents and combat ... anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and even antiviral activity against HIV, herpes, and hepatitis. Some cyanobacteria can ... I. Agents microorganisms and protistans". Diseases of Aquatic Organisms. 2: 147-62. doi:10.3354/dao002147. Kinne O, ed. (1980 ... Cyanobacteria remain critical to marine ecosystems as primary producers in oceanic gyres, as agents of biological nitrogen ...
Topological drugs
A novel class of anti-hepatitis C agents with potential to bind CD81". J. Med. Chem. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 46 (14): ... S. H. Friedman; D. L. DeCamp; R. P. Sijbesma; G. Srdanov; F. Wudl; G. L. Kenyon (1993). "Inhibition of the HIV-1 protease by ... S. H. Friedman; P. S. Ganapathi; Y. Rubin; G. L. Kenyon (1998). "Optimizing the binding of fullerene inhibitors of the HIV-1 ... For example, the functionalized fullerenes have been used for drug therapy of the HIV and other viruses: their hydrophobic ball ...