Olsen RW, Sapp DM, Bureau MH, Turner DM, Kokka N (1991). "Allosteric actions of central nervous system depressants including ... It was used in the 1940s and 1950s as an agent for inducing anesthesia for surgery, as well as a rapid-acting, short-lasting ... This reaction is done in two stages, in the first stage the reactants are added with tert-butylate in tert-butyl alcohol at 20- ... "Hexobarbital Sleep Test for Predicting the Susceptibility or Resistance to Experimental Posttraumatic Stress Disorder". ...
Medical specialty dealing with disorders of the nervous system Primary and secondary brain injury - Medical condition ... Disorder or disease of the brain Epilepsy - Group of neurological disorders causing seizures Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder - ... such as the carefully placed brain lesion used to treat epilepsy and other brain disorders. These lesions are induced by ... can occur in the peripheral nervous system but is much rarer and more difficult to assist in the central nervous system (brain ...
The autonomic nervous system is composed of two components: the sympathetic nervous system controls arousal and physical ... Klonsky 2007b, p. 1040: "[B]ehaviors associated with substance and eating disorders-such as alcohol abuse, binging, and purging ... acting as natural painkillers and inducing pleasant feelings, and in response to self-harm would act to reduce tension and ... mood disorders, eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, dissociative disorders, as may people ...
... disproportionately large central nervous system and limited liver glycogen. The precursors of ketone bodies include fatty acids ... Ketosis induced by a ketogenic diet should not be pursued by people with pancreatitis because of the high dietary fat content. ... Ketosis is also contraindicated in pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, porphyria, and other rare genetic disorders of fat ... Diabetic Ketoacidosis at eMedicine NHS Direct: Ketosis The Merck Manual - Diabetic Ketoacidosis Alcoholic Ketoacidosis (All ...
Hyperammonemia in central nervous system (CNS) cells causes oxidative stress and mitochrondrial dysfunction, leading to ... Mannitol is an alcohol derivative of simple sugar mannose, and is historically the most commonly used osmotic diuretic. ... The incidence of this disorder should be considered in terms of its potential causes and is present in most cases of traumatic ... Radiation-induced brain edema (RIBE) is a potentially life threatening complication of brain tissue radiation and is ...
Drugs acting on the cardiovascular system, Drugs acting on the nervous system, Ergogenic aids, Euphoriants, Excitatory amino ... drug-induced nasal congestion), reduced seizure threshold, tics (a type of movement disorder), and weight loss. Dangerous ... "Trends in Methamphetamine/Amphetamine Admissions to Treatment: 1993-2003". The Drug and Alcohol Services Information System ( ... It is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the phenethylamine class. Adderall is generally well-tolerated and effective ...
... s are widely distributed throughout the central nervous system with the highest concentrations found in the ... "Serotonergic system and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a potential susceptibility locus at the 5-HT(1B) ... Huang CC, Yeh CM, Wu MY, Hsu KS (Jun 2013). "A single in vivo cocaine administration impairs 5-HT(1B) receptor-induced long- ... Knockout mice lacking the 5-HT1B gene have been reported to have a higher preference for alcohol, although later studies failed ...
... systems responding to stimuli (analogous to the sensory system in animals with a nervous system, which includes the ... Recent studies suggest that bacteria have control systems that may resemble proprioception. Balance disorder - Physiological ... Proprioception is tested by American police officers using the field sobriety testing to check for alcohol intoxication. The ... Proprioceptive illusions can also be induced, such as the Pinocchio illusion. Temporary impairment of proprioception has also ...
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) becomes activated in response to stress. Sympathetic arousal stimulates the medulla of the ... alcohol intoxication, depressive symptoms, and medication for chronic psychiatric disorders was then gathered from the national ... In human research, the Trier Social Stress Task (TSST) is widely used to induce social stress in the laboratory. In the TSST, ... "What Are Anxiety Disorders?". www.psychiatry.org. Retrieved 2020-04-30. "Social Anxiety Disorder , Anxiety and Depression ...
Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter of the nervous system, although excessive amounts in the brain can lead to cell ... It may also induce neuroplasticity of the brain. Participating in mental exercises, such as reading, crossword puzzles, and ... For mild neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's, probable Alzheimer's disease can be diagnosed if there is genetic evidence ... Other coincident diseases such as heart problems, diabetes, or history of alcohol abuse are also related with shortened ...
... organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP), and chronic organophosphate-induced neuropsychiatric disorder (COPIND ... Overstimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system, due to accumulation of ACh, results in ... alcohol substitute. The drink, called "Ginger Jake," contained an adulterated Jamaican ginger extract containing tri-ortho- ... it is most commonly due to respiratory failure due to paralysis of respiratory muscles and depression of central nervous system ...
... but psychosocial factors appear to be implicated in awake bruxism and dopaminergic dysfunction and other central nervous system ... Group I are muscle disorders, group II are disc displacements and group III are joint disorders, although it is common for ... This mechanism is exacerbated by alcohol consumption, as well as other chemicals that result in reduced myotonic status of the ... It has been postulated that such events induce anxiety and cause increased jaw muscle activity. Muscular hyperactivity has also ...
The effects of a disordered upbringing may induce an array of mental health issues, including depression and anxiety. A ... It is better for a person to join the organization at all, than to be too nervous to go to a full-blown meeting and be turned ... This list has 14 different statements that relate to being an adult child of a parent with an alcohol addiction. These ... The Mascot or Family Clown: uses comedy to divert attention away from the increasingly dysfunctional family system. The ...
... it is believed to be a pathology of either the immune system or autonomic nervous systems. It is defined as a rare disease by ... Sexual dysfunction can be classified into four categories: sexual desire disorders, arousal disorders, orgasm disorders, and ... "Premature ejaculation and serotonergic antidepressants-induced delayed ejaculation: the involvement of the serotonergic system ... Physical factors that can lead to sexual dysfunctions include the use of drugs, such as alcohol, nicotine, narcotics, ...
It acts directly on the central nervous system (CNS) to induce analgesia and alter perception and emotional response to pain. ... Later it was found that morphine was more addictive than either alcohol or opium, and its extensive use during the American ... and other psychological disorders. Without intervention, the syndrome will run its course, and most of the overt physical ... Morphine has long been known to act on receptors expressed on cells of the central nervous system resulting in pain relief and ...
Elevations of central nervous system (CNS) serotonin will typically only reach potentially fatal levels when drugs with ... Friedman, Joseph H. (2015). Medication-Induced Movement Disorders. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. ISBN 9781107066007. ... The same principle applies to alcohol intoxication. In cases of SS caused by MAOIs, oxygenation will not help to dispatch ... It is a predictable consequence of excess serotonin on the central nervous system. Onset of symptoms is typically within a day ...
"Kalrn plays key roles within and outside of the nervous system". BMC Neuroscience. 13 (1): 136. doi:10.1186/1471-2202-13-136. ... In autism spectrum disorder a frameshift mutation was found that is likely to lead to transcript decay, and heterozygosity. ... A mutation found within the Rac-GEF domain was found to induce strong reductions in Rac activation, neuronal branching and ... "Mouse and Human Genetic Analyses Associate Kalirin with Ventral Striatal Activation during Impulsivity and with Alcohol Misuse ...
Alcoholic drinks consumed during pregnancy can cause one or more fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. According to the CDC, there ... The basic outlines of the organ, body, and nervous systems are established. By the end of the embryonic stage, the beginnings ... A pregnancy may end in a live birth, a miscarriage, an induced abortion, or a stillbirth. Childbirth typically occurs around 40 ... Often reproductive disorders are the only manifestation of undiagnosed celiac disease and most cases are not recognized. ...
Bansal S, Gupta SK (November 2013). "Sodium Valproate induced priapism in an adult with bipolar affective disorder". Indian ... due to a connection forming between an artery and the corpus cavernosum or disruption of the parasympathetic nervous system ... Anticoagulants, cantharides (Spanish Fly) and recreational drugs (alcohol, heroin and cocaine) have been associated. Priapism ... Other conditions such as Fabry's disease, as well as neurologic disorders such as spinal cord lesions and spinal cord trauma ( ...
In insects, the cholinergic system is limited to the central nervous system. The nicotinic receptors are considered cholinergic ... It has been reported that, after prolonged receptor exposure to the agonist, the agonist itself causes an agonist-induced ... Genetic variation in this region also displays influence susceptibility to use drugs of abuse, including cocaine and alcohol ... Examples include the CHRNA4 insertion mutation 776ins3 that is associated with nocturnal seizures and psychiatric disorders, ...
A class of compounds with a novel profile of central nervous system activity". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 16 (9): 1003-11 ... post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder (SAD ... Sertraline concentrate contains alcohol and is therefore contraindicated with disulfiram. The prescribing information ... Case reports suggest that taking sertraline with phenytoin or zolpidem may induce sertraline metabolism and decrease its ...
... s in overdose with other CNS (central nervous system) depressants (e.g. alcohol, opiates, benzodiazepines) are even ... Barbiturates induce a number of hepatic CYP enzymes (most notably CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and CYP3A4), leading to exaggerated effects ... particularly in the treatment of anxiety disorders and insomnia, because of the significantly lower risk of overdose, and the ... Users who consume alcohol or other sedatives after the drug's effects have worn off, but before it has cleared the system, may ...
In the peripheral nervous system, abnormal accumulation of lipofuscin known as lipofuscinosis is associated with a family of ... Such accumulation can be induced in rats by administering a protease inhibitor (leupeptin); after a period of three months, the ... 1991). "The effects of Piracetam on lipofuscin of the rat cerebellar and hippocampa; neurons after long-term alcohol treatment ... neurodegenerative disorders - neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses, the most common of these is Batten disease. Also, pathological ...
He was 29 years old and had no alcohol or drugs in his system. Tom Smith, the Chairman of the Taser Board, responded by ... but does not have a significant effect on the central nervous system. The Drive Stun does not incapacitate a subject but may ... The disorder seems to manifest itself when people are under stress, particularly when in police custody, and is often diagnosed ... may even exacerbate the situation by inducing rage in the subject." A study of U.S. police and sheriff departments found that ...
Amongst analgesics there are a small number of agents which act on the central nervous system but not on the opioid receptor ... and these may also reduce opioid induced nausea. Antihistamines (e.g. fexofenadine) Opioid-induced constipation (OIC) develops ... These effects may include cognitive and behavioral problems, as well as an increased risk of substance use disorders later in ... McCabe SE, Boyd CJ, Teter CJ (June 2009). "Subtypes of nonmedical prescription drug misuse". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 102 ( ...
... understood that the furrows are caused by the blood vessels constricting due to signalling by the sympathetic nervous system in ... M. A. Fernandez-Teran, J. M. Hurle: Syndactyly induced by Janus Green B in the embryonic chick leg bud: a reexamination. In ... Raynaud's phenomenon and Paroxysmal hand hematoma are neurovascular disorders that affect the fingers. Research has linked the ... 4D in alcohol dependent patients". PLOS ONE. 6 (4): e19332. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...619332K. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0019332. PMC ...
... in central nervous system". Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 83: 439-449. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.002. ISSN 0753-3322. PMID ... However, elevated levels of trace amines have been observed in patients with certain neuropsychiatric disorders taking ... "Serotonin Receptor Agonists (Triptans)", LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Bethesda (MD ... Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 159: 9-16. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.014. ISSN 0376-8716. PMC 4724540. PMID 26644139. Berry ...
... that clears the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate from the extracellular space at synapses in the central nervous system. ... importance of GLT1 is further highlighted by the large number of neuropsychiatric disorders associated with glutamate-induced ... Addiction to certain drugs (e.g., cocaine, heroin, alcohol, and nicotine) is correlated with a persistent reduction in the ... They can be considered a novel class of nerve agent toxins, inducing toxic levels of glutamate through transport inhibition in ...
Salivary alpha amylase levels have been found to correlate with heightened autonomic nervous system activity levels, reacting ... GubaƂa W, Zuba D (2002). "Saliva as an alternative specimen for alcohol determination in the human body". Pol J Pharmacol. 54 ( ... Additionally, it lessens the possibility of contamination by eliminating extra collection devices and the need to induce saliva ... June 2008). "Advantage of salivary cortisol measurements in the diagnosis of glucocorticoid related disorders". Clin. Biochem. ...
... perception are dynamic operations involving processing and feedback from structures throughout the central nervous system. A ... These motion-induced afterimages may be discontinuous such as in a film reel or may be blurred together such as in a long- ... Halpern, JH; Pope HG, Jr (Mar 1, 2003). "Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder: what do we know after 50 years?". Drug ... and Alcohol Dependence. 69 (2): 109-19. doi:10.1016/S0376-8716(02)00306-X. PMID 12609692. Chen, WT; Lin, YY; Fuh, JL; ...