Agonistic behaviorEdit. Unlike other species of Lasiolgossum,L. hemichalceum rarely display agonistic behaviors towards another ... BehaviorEdit. Communal behaviorEdit. Lasioglossum hemichalceum demonstrates behavior typical for a communal species.[14] This ... This demonstrates that although they are capable of displaying agonistic behaviors, they choose not to.[7] Lack of agonistic ... Mating behaviorEdit. L. hemichalceum displays different mating behaviors for different morphologies.[6] Males who are born with ...

These cells do not open directly to the surface of the skin, but injury caused by fighting and other agonistic behaviors may ... Ladich F, Myrberg AA (2006). "Agonistic Behavior and Acoustic Communication". Communication in Fishes. 1: 121-148. Fine ML, ... Feeding behavior to food is due to amino acids released by food. This is reported to cause maxillary and mandibular barbell ... Different sounds may be used for different functions in communication, such as in behavior towards predators and in asserting ...

in the American Journal of Primatology; November 2001 Klein, L. L. (1974). Agonistic behavior in neotropical primates. In ... The Mexican howler exhinbits limited interaction with members of its species and very minor aggressive behavior. There is ... Females also show aggression when asserting dominance, though this is usually limited to harassment behavior like hair pulling ...

2006). "Agonistic Behavior and Acoustic Communication". Communication in Fishes. 1: 121-148.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors ... According to a study by Kaatz, sounds for disturbance (e.g. alarm) and agonistic behavior were not significantly different, ... This is a very important fish communication mechanism, especially during agonistic and distress behaviors. Catfish are able to ... During courtship behavior in three species of Corydoras catfish, all males actively produced stridulation sounds before egg ...

Takeuchi T (January 2017). "Agonistic display or courtship behavior? A review of contests over mating opportunity in ... Broom DM (1998). "Welfare, Stress, and the Evolution of Feelings". Stress and Behavior. Advances in the Study of Behavior. 27. ... Takeuchi T, Imafuku M (September 2005). "Territorial behavior of a green hairstreak Chrysozephyrus smaragdinus (Lepidoptera: ... Journal of Mind and Behavior. 5 (2): 119-130. ISSN 0271-0137. JSTOR 43853318. Morgan CL (1903). "Chapter 3. Other minds than ...

Boal, C. W. (2001). Agonistic behavior of Cooper's Hawks. Raptor Research 35:253-256. Lien, L. A., Millsap, B. A., Madden, K ... Breeding adults generally engage in agonistic behavior when an interloper of their sex is present; 11 responses showed that ... Anti-predator behavior by parent Cooper's hawks against crows, red-tailed hawks and eastern gray squirrels were observed in ... Roth II, T. C., & Lima, S. L. (2003). Hunting behavior and diet of Cooper's hawks: an urban view of the small-bird-in-winter ...

Agonistic Behavior in the House Finch. Part I. Annual Cycle and Display Patterns. The Condor, 62(4) :245-271. Agonistic ... Agonistic Behavior of the House Finch (Carpodacus mexicanus). University of California Graduate Division, Northern Section. ... Singing behavior of the Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) (U. S. A.) Abstracts - XI Congressus Internationalis Ornithologicus. ... Singing Behavior of the Indigo Bunting, Passerina cyanea, Zeitschrift fur Tierpsychologie, 31 :39-59. A Behavioral and ...

Thompson, William L (1960). "Agonistic Behavior in the House Finch. Part I: Annual Cycle and Display Patterns" (PDF). The ... He may then present the female with choice bits of food, and if she mimics the behavior of a hungry chick, he may actually feed ... Evanden, Fred G. (1957). "Observations on Nesting Behavior of the House Finch" (PDF). The Condor. University of California ...

"Agonistic behavior in pachycephalosaurs (Ornithischia, Dinosauria); a new look at head-butting behavior". Rocky Mountain ... or for horn-locking agonistic behavior. The study of sexual dimorphism in dinosaurs is incredibly difficult. The varying size ... or to butt into the softer flank of other pachycephalosaurs for intraspecific communication or as a form of agonistic behavior ... Snively, Eric; Cox, Andres (2008). "Structural Mechanics of Pachycephalosaur Crania Permitted Head-Butting Behavior". ...

Coutlee, Ellen L. (1967). "Agonistic behavior in the American goldfinch". The Wilson Bulletin. 79 (1): 89-109. ISSN 0043-5643. ... Avoidance behaviors include showing only the side of the body to an aggressor, leaning away, flexing the legs, retracting the ... Popp, James W. (1987). "Resource value and dominance among American goldfinches". Bird Behavior. 7 (2): 73-77. doi:10.3727/ ...

2006). "Five: Agonistic Behavior and Acoustic Communication" (PDF). Communication in Fishes. Science Publications. pp. 122-148 ...

Information on agonistic behavior is also limited. However, territorial calling and aerial displays have been noted, while ... Fisher, C, Lindgren, E & Dawson, W 1972, Drinking patterns and behavior of Australian desert birds in relation to their ecology ...

In calves, the frequency of agonistic behavior decreases as space allowance increases, but this does not occur for changes in ... Such agonistic behavior reduces the risk of injury. Dominance status depended on age and sex, with older animals generally ... "The effect of group size and space allowance on the agonistic and spacing behavior of cattle". Applied Animal Behaviour Science ... By adjusting their behavior, cattle obtain heavier bites in swards that are tall and sparse compared with short, dense swards ...

Caldwell, Roy L.; Dingle, Hugh (1975). "Ecology and evolution of agonistic behavior in stomatopods". Die Naturwissenschaften. ...

... there is no observed cooperative or agonistic behavior. Main and lateral burrows are kept open by packing soil into the side of ... The cell lining behavior consisted of brushing motions over the cell using the female's metasoma. Females do not open cells ... M. portalis has both territorial male behavior in a female emergence site (inside the nests) as well as a resource-based ... Further, large headed males are very conscious of female reproductive behavior: during cell provisioning, large headed males ...

In many primate species, males direct agonistic behavior toward females prior to courtship behaviors. Such behavior can include ... agonistic behavior between males and females during courtship displays is seen in nature. Intraspecific agonistic behavior that ... However, agonistic behavior that turns dangerous does occur. In some species, physical traits that are sexually selected for in ... In some birds and mammals, the male may participate in agonistic behaviors with other candidate males. Although rare, ...

Sands, W.A. (1982). "Agonistic behavior of African soldierless apico-termitinae (Isoptera, Termitidae)". Sociobiology. 7 (1): ... Shorter, John R.; Rueppell, Olav (2011). "A review on self-destructive defense behaviors in social insects" (PDF). Insectes ... Bordereau, Christian; Robert, Annie R.; Van Tuyen, V.; Peppuy, Alexis (1997). "Suicidal defensive behavior by frontal gland ...

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194465 Yabuta, S. (2000). Behaviors in agonistic interaction of the butterflyfish (Chaetodon ... Animal Behavior, 63, 165-173. doi:10.1006/anbe.2001.1869 Pratchett, M.S. (2005). Dietary overlap among coral-feeding ... It is performed towards conspecifics in territorial disputes as well as in non-agonistic interactions with a pair partner. C. ... A tail-up display is a common antagonistic behavior in the Chaetodon species. ...

Individuals tend to be aggressive to one another; hisses, grunts and even distress calls accompany agonistic behavior. Largely ... A study of the foraging behavior of the bare-tailed woolly opossum and the sympatric kinkajou showed that both feed on a ...

Rice, Clifford G (1988). "Agonistic and sexual behavior of Nilgiri tahr (Hemitragus hylocrius)". Ethology. 78 (2): 89-112. doi: ... Midway Reprint) Edward M. Barrows (2011-04-26). Animal Behavior Desk Reference: A Dictionary of Animal Behavior, Ecology …. ... Similar urine-spraying behavior is common in other deer species, and is known as automarking. Throughout the year white-tailed ... doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1972.tb00876.x. Xu, Z.; Stoddart, D.M.; Ding, H.; Zhang, J. (1995). "Self-anointing behavior in the ...

"Agonistic Behavior in the House Finch. Part I: Annual Cycle and Display Patterns" (PDF). The Condor. University of California ... He may then present the female with choice bits of food, and if she mimics the behavior of a hungry chick, he may actually feed ... "Observations on Nesting Behavior of the House Finch" (PDF). The Condor. University of California Press/Cooper Ornithological ...

A. colensonis has been found to show aggressive, agonistic behavior. Larvae remain still and sit in one spot for hours and are ... Rowe, R. J. (January 1992). "Agonistic behaviour in final-instar larvae of Austrolestes colensonis (Odonata: Lestidae)". New ... As adults A. colensonis also exhibit thermoregulation behavior. There are two mechanisms involved: physiological colour changes ...

Ph.D. (1974). AGONISTIC AND COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR OF FIELD SPARROWS, SPIZELLA PUSILLA (WILSON). University of Michigan, United ... 1969). On Territorial Behavior and Other Factors Influencing Habitat Distribution in Birds Part 3 Breeding Success in a Local ... 2001). Nest desertion by field sparrows and its possible influence on the evolution of Cowbird behavior. The Auk. vol 118, no 3 ... Ph.D. (1972). THE VOCAL BEHAVIOR OF THE FIELD SPARROW. The Ohio State University, United States, Ohio. Heckenlively DB. ...

... these sounds are used for agonistic behaviors, including territory defense. Males are known to mature between three and seven ... In combination with habitat patchiness and limited larva dispersal distance, this behavior means separate populations genetics ...

Newmark, J. E.; Jenkins, S. H. (April 2000). "Sex Differences in Agonistic Behavior of Merriam's Kangaroo Rats (Dipodomys ... This caching behavior affects the range-land and croplands where the animals live. Kangaroo rats must harvest as much seed as ... Schroder, G. D. (August 1979). "Foraging Behavior and Home Range Utilization of the Bannertail Kangaroo Rat". Ecology. 60 (4): ...

Sullivan, R. M. (1982). "Agonistic behavior and dominance relationships in the harbor seal, Phoca vitulina". Journal of ... Nicholson, T. E. (2000). Social structure and underwater behavior of harbor seals in southern Monterey Bay, California. M.S. ... Beier, J. C.; Wartzok, D. (1979). "Mating behavior of captive spotted seals (Phoca largha)". Animal Behaviour. 27: 772-781. doi ... estrus are typically more dispersed than land-breeding pinnipeds and the distinction between foraging and reproductive behavior ...

Baxter, RM (1995). "A Laboratory Study of Agonistic Behavior in the Red Musk Shrew". Zeitschrift für Saugetierkunde- ... Article includes data on territorial and nocturnal behavior. v t e. ...

Intra- and inter-specific agonistic behavior is documented, but varies greatly among slug species. Slugs often resort to ... Rollo, C. D.; Wellington, W. G. (1979). "Intra- and inter-specific agonistic behavior among terrestrial slugs (Pulmonata: ... Some species present different response behaviors when attacked, such as the Kerry slug. In contrast to the general behavioral ... During winter, the aggressive responses are substituted by a gregarious behavior. The great majority of slug species are ...

This dominance hierarchy is particularly helpful in explaining female-initiated agonistic behavior. Females higher in the ... Even more interesting is that this nursing behavior in wedge-capped capuchins is not correlated with relatedness. This behavior ... Grooming behavior plays an important role in the group dynamics of wedge-capped capuchins. Grooming may be a way for both sub- ... Foraging behavior varies seasonally, as well as with age and sex. In general, these monkeys spend approximately equal amounts ...

This auditory courtship behavior is also seen in fruit flies like A. suspensa when they perform calling and pre-copulatory ... Rubenstein, Daniel I.; Hazlett, Brian A. (1974-01-01). "Examination of the Agonistic Behaviour of the Crayfish Orconectes ... Webb, J. C.; Sivinski, J.; Litzkow, C. (1984-06-01). "Acoustical Behavior and Sexual Success in the Caribbean Fruit Fly, ...

"Norway Rat Behavior Repertoire". ratbehavior.org.. *^ a b Barnett, S. (1975). The Rat: a study in behavior (pp. 52-115). ... Haney, M.; Miczek, K.A. (1993). "Ultrasounds during agonistic interactions between female rats (Rattus norvegicus)". Journal of ... "Rat Behavior and Biology. ratbehavior.org. Retrieved 1 December 2007.. *^ "Rats Capable Of Reflecting On Mental Processes". ... "pre-encounter defensive behavior", as opposed to a "post-encounter defensive behavior", such as flight, freezing, or avoidance ...

Unlike most passerines, the agonistic call of the black-chinned hummingbird is acoustically complex, with notes ordered in non- ... Black-chinned hummingbirds can exhibit territorial behavior around feeders as well as at other small feeding sites, and become ... "Organization of Agonistic Vocalizations in Black-chinned Hummingbirds" (PDF). The Condor. 98 (3): 557-566. doi:10.2307/1369568 ...

"Epilepsy & Behavior. 70 (Pt B): 288-291. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.11.021. PMID 28169144.. ... Due to its partial agonistic activity, THC appears to result in greater downregulation of cannabinoid receptors than ...

A hyrax showing the characteristic chewing/grunting behavior: Note the incisor tusks. ... This chewing behaviour may be a form of agonistic behaviour when the animal feels threatened.[9] ...

Males are more likely to engage in agonistic behaviors,[29] such as slowly circling each other, chasing, or actual fighting.[14 ... M.; Miranda Mourão, G. de; Camilo-Alves, C. de S. e; Mourão, G (2008). "Anteater behavior and ecology". In Vizcaíno, S. F; ... Shaw, J. H.; Machado-Neto, J.; Carter, T. J. (1987). "Behavior of Free-Living Giant Anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)". ... the hunters were agitating and wounding cornered animals and the attacks appeared to be defensive behaviors.[38] In April 2007 ...

31,0 31,1 31,2 31,3 Andrén, C. (1986) "Courtship, mating and agonistic behaviour in a free-living population of adders, Vipera ... "Hormones, Brain, and Behavior", lk 138.. *↑ Lilliwhite, H. B.; Seymour, R. S. (1978) "Regulation of arterial blood pressure in ...

Coppinger, Raymond and Lorna (2001). Dogs: A Startling New Understanding of Canine Origin, Behavior, & Evolution. New York: ... Growling, making up about 65% of the vocalisations, is used in an agonistic context for dominance, and as a defensive sound. ... It was only observed in an agonistic context, mostly as a defence against obtrusive pups or for defending resources. It was ...

Hobson, E.S. (1963). "Feeding Behavior in Three Species of Sharks". Pacific Science. 17: 171-194.. ... "A review of shark agonistic displays: comparison of display features and implications for shark-human interactions". Marine ... If the final male disappears, changes to the largest female occur, with male behavior occurring within several hours and sperm ... Porat, D.; Chadwick-Furman, N. E. (2004). "Effects of anemonefish on giant sea anemones: expansion behavior, growth, and ...

Ciani, A. C. (1986). Intertroop Agonistic Behavior of a Feral Rhesus Macaque Troop in Ranging in Town and Forest Areas in India ... Aggressive Behavior 12: 433−439. Consultado o 5 January 2016.. *↑ Rishi, Kumar; Anindya, Sinha; Sindhu, Radhakrishna (2013). " ... Primate behavior: developments in field and laboratory research, Volume 2. New York : Academic Pr. p 1-106. ... 12,0 12,1 12,2 12,3 12,4 Southwick, C., Beg, M., and R. Siddiqi (1965) "Rhesus Monkeys in North India." Primate Behavior: Field ...

Schafer, Susan F.; Krekorian, C. O'Neill (1983). "Agonistic behavior of the Galapagos tortoise, Geochelone elephantopus, with ... 1988). "Defensive behavior in the Galapagos tortoise (Geochelone elephantopus), with comments on the evolution of insular ... Carpenter, Charles C. (1966). "Notes on the behavior and ecology of the Galapagos tortoise on Santa Cruz island". Proceedings ...

Guo, Rongxing (2017). An Economic Inquiry into the Nonlinear Behaviors of Nations: Dynamic Developments and the Origins of ... In particular, the Babylonian text Dialogue of Pessimism contains similarities to the agonistic thought of the Sophists, the ...

Messenger, M.T.; Su, N.Y. Agonistic behavior between colonies of the Formosan subterranean termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) ... 兩群體間的競爭往往是透過儀式性打鬥（agonistic behaviour（英语：agonistic behaviour）） 進行，競爭會導致個體死亡，和領地的得失[147][148]。打鬥中死去的個體可能會被集中埋起來[149]。 ... Traniello, J.F.A.; Leuthold, R.H. Behavior and Ecology of Foraging in Termites. Springer Netherlands. 2000: 141-168. ISBN 978- ... Choe, J.C.;

Popp, JW (1989). "Use of Agonistic Displays by Purple Finches During Interspecific Encounters". Bird Behavior. 8 (1): 48-50. ... Popp, JW (1988). "Scanning Behavior of Finches in Mixed-Species Groups". Condor. 90 (2): 510-512. doi:10.2307/1368587.. ... Astheimer, L; Ramenofsky, M; Wingfield, JC; Buttemer, W (1989). "Corticosterone Feeding Behavior and Food Deprivation in ...

"Walrus: Odobenidae - Behavior And Reproduction". Retrieved August 12, 2008.. *^ Budzinski, David; Schlosberg, Jason. "Battle at ... "Context-dependent third-party intervention in agonistic encounters of male Przewalski horses". Behavioural Processes. 121: 54- ... Mech, L.David (2003). Wolves: Behavior,Ecology and conservation. university of Chicago press. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-226-51696-7. . ... In the science of ethology (the study of behavior), and more generally in the study of social evolution, on occasion, some ...

Engaging in agonistic behavior can be very costly and thus there are many examples in nature of animals who achieve dominance ... In some, the dominance status of an individual is clearly visible, eliminating the need for agonistic behavior. In wintering ... These often involve characteristics that provide an advantage during agonistic behavior, such as size of body, displays, etc. ... The association between resource availability and agonistic behavior suggests that animal conflict is adaptive by enabling ...

"Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. 90 (4): 540-4. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2008.04.010. PMC 2806670. PMID 18534670.. ... Because of its wide spectrum of serotonergic receptor inhibition, Mirtazapine exhibits an agonistic effect on 5-HT1A receptors ... animal behavior. • regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic ... and aggressive behavior in mice". Psychopharmacology. 185 (4): 441-50. doi:10.1007/s00213-006-0333-3. PMID 16550387.. ...

Coppedge, B. R. C., T.S.; Shaw, J.H.; Hamilton, R.G. (1997). "Agonistic behavior associated with orphan bison (Bison bison) ... McMillan, Brock R.; Cottam, Michael R.; Kaufman, Donald W. (2000). "Wallowing Behavior of American Bison (Bos Bison) in ... claves released into a mixed resident population". Applied Animal Behavior Science 55: 1. doi:10.1016/S0168-1591(97)00035-X ...

"Health and Behavior. USA Today. Archived from the original on 2008-06-28. Retrieved 2008-06-24.. Cite uses deprecated parameter ... Effect: + = Estrogenic / agonistic. ± = Mixed or neutral. - = Antiestrogenic / antagonistic. Sources: See template. Other ... Gallo MA, Kaufman D (February 1997). "Antagonistic and agonistic effects of tamoxifen: significance in human cancer". Seminars ...

"Effects of Water Availability and Habitat Quality on Bark-Stripping Behavior in Barbary Macaques". Conservation Biology. 15 (1 ... Deag, John M (1980). "Interactions Between Males and Unweaned Barbary Macaques: Testing the Agonistic Buffering Hypothesis". ... Brauch, K.; Pfefferle, D.; Hodges, K.; Mohle, U.; Fischer, J.; Heistermann, M. (2007). "Female Sexual Behavior and Sexual ... Hormones and Behavior. 52 (3): 375-83. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2007.06.001. PMID 17644098.. ...

Social behavior[edit]. Two male gazelles in an agonistic display with females nearby ... a b c d e f g h Estes, R. (1991). The Behavior Guide to African Mammals, Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, Primates. Los ... Estes, R. D. (1967). "The Comparative Behavior of Grant's and Thomson's Gazelles". Journal of Mammalogy. 48 (2): 189-209. doi: ...

2010). "Initiation of Escape Behavior by the Texas Horned Lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum)". Herpetologica. 66 (1): 23-30. doi: ... particularly during agonistic encounters. They tend to show brighter colours when displaying aggression[33] and darker colours ... Agonistic behaviour typically occurs between sexually mature males over territory or mates and may involve displays, posturing ...

Martin, R.A. Agonistic Display in Grey Reef Shark. ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research. Retrieved on February 12, 2009. ... Though silvertip sharks are quite mobile, they exhibit fidelity to certain areas, with reports of territorial behavior. They ... "A review of shark agonistic displays: comparison of display features and implications for shark-human interactions". Marine ...

Its psychedelic effects are mediated by its agonistic properties at the 5-HT2A receptor. Due to its selectivity, DOM is often ... Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. 75 (4): 845-52. doi:10.1016/S0091-3057(03)00159-X. PMID 12957227.. ...

Navarro JF, Maldonado E (1999). „Behavioral profile of quinpirole in agonistic encounters between male mice". Methods and ... Szechtman Henry; Sulis William; Eilam David (1998). „Quinpirole induces compulsive checking behavior in rats: A potential ...

1 2 3 4 Ito, F., Yusoff, N.R. & Idris, A.H. (1996) Colony composition and queen behavior in polygynous colonies of the Oriental ... Medeiros, F.N.S., Lopes, L.E., Moutinho, P.R.S., Oliveira, P.S. & Hölldobler, B. (1992) Functional polygyny, agonistic ... 1 2 Ehmer, B. & Hölldobler, B. (1995) Foraging behavior of Odontomachus bauri on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Pysche, 102, ... Horvitz, C.C. (1981) Analysis of how ant behaviors affect germination in a tropical myrmecochore Calathea microcephala (P. & E ...

"Intertroop Agonistic Behavior of a Feral Rhesus Macaque Troop in Ranging in Town and Forest Areas in India" (PDF). Aggressive ... Makwana, S. (1979). "Field Ecology and Behavior of the rhesus macaque. Food, Feeding and Drinking in Dehra Dun Forests". Indian ... Rhesus Play Film analysis of agonistic play by Donald Symons (UCSB) on DVD ... Behavior. 12 (6): 433-439. doi:10.1002/1098-2337(1986)12:6,433::AID-AB2480120606,3.0.CO;2-C. Pristupljeno 5. 1. 2016.. ...