The Tschamides were both Christians and Muslims by the late 18th century [in the 20th century, Cham applies to Muslim only] ... Chams in Turkey are known by the name Arnauts (Arnavutlar), which applies to all ethnic Albanians in Turkey. Some Aromanians ... During the entire 18th century, Muslims were still a minority among the Albanian population of the region, and became the ... "In the 18th century Islamization increased and a large number of inhabitants of Labëri, Filiates, Pogon and Kurvelesh converted ...

From the 16th century up until the 18th century, Armenians formed the majority population of the capital, Shamakhi. Armenians ... Armenians of Kilvar claimed descent from mediaeval migrants from Edessa (present-day Şanlıurfa, Turkey). Miller concluded that ... woman from Shamakhi in the 19th century Photo of the traditional dress of Armenian girl in Shamakhi in the late 19th century by ... this went on well into the eighteenth century) and others shifting to the Tat language, while remaining Christian. Armeno-Tats ...

During the late 18th to early 19th centuries it was further reduced to a billon coin weighing less than 3 grams. As the Ottoman ... Kuruş eventually became obsolete due to the chronic inflation in Turkey in the late 1970s. A currency reform on 1 January 2005 ... At the beginning of the 19th century, silver coins were in circulation for 1 akçe, 1, 5, 10 and 20 para, 1, 2 and 2+1⁄2 kuruş, ... These included Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Lebanon and Turkey itself. Others, including Jordan and Sudan, adopted the kuruş as ...

The Khalili Collection of Islamic Art includes shirts from 16th century Turkey (TXT 463) and 18th/19th century India (TXT 574 ... Talismanic shirt, Bursa, Turkey, end of the 14th-beginning of the 15th century, Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum, Istanbul, ... The Khalili Collection of Hajj and the Arts of Pilgrimage has shirts from 17th century Turkey (TXT 545) and from 16th or 17th ... The one from Turkey is unusual in having realistic, rather than schematic, depictions of the holy sites. ...

ISBN 978-0-85115-312-4. Jelavich, Barbara, "History of the Balkans, 18th and 19th Centuries" (1983), ISBN 0-521-27458-3 p.52 ... In the secular Republic of Turkey, tensions are still constant. Turkey requires by law that the Patriarch be a Turkish citizen ... The status of Ecumenical Patriarchate is not officially recognized by the Republic of Turkey; Turkey only recognises the ... The synod has existed since some time prior to the fourth century and assists the patriarch in determining the affairs of the ...

It is speculated that the Pilgrims' first Thanksgiving dinner featured heath hens and not wild turkey. By the late 18th century ... By the late 19th century, there were about 70 left. These were protected by a hunting ban and by the establishment in 1908 of ... "The Original "Thanksgiving Turkey" is Now Extinct". In Defense Of Animals. Retrieved 10 August 2023. Thompson, Daniel Q.; Ralph ...

They include ceramic tiles from Ilkhanid Iran, 15th-century Spain, and 18th-19th century Multan. The tombstones are of varying ... late 15th century Carpet with star medallions, Uşak, Turkey, late 15th or early 16th century Dagger and sheath with a steel ... An 18th-century instrument case depicts the Adoration of the Magi, and on the other side, a woman in heroic pose. Ceramic ... An 18th-century single-volume Quran, the work of calligrapher Mahmud Celaleddin Efendi, was previously owned by Ottoman ...

... is an 18th-century Ottoman mosque in the Üsküdar district of Istanbul, Turkey. Construction of the Yeni Valide mosque in ... 18th-century mosques, Ottoman mosques in Istanbul, Architecture in Turkey, Üsküdar, 1710 establishments in the Ottoman Empire) ... It is also one of the earliest examples of the 18th-century trend towards domes that were proportionally higher and narrower. ... ISBN 0-500-27429-0. Hamadeh, Shirine (2002). "Splash and spectacle: the obsession with fountains in eighteenth-century Istanbul ...

Mercenary Pindari, irregular horsemen in 18th-century India Military of the Ottoman Empire Military history of Turkey Houtsma ... The use of bashi-bazouks was abandoned by the end of the 19th century. However, self-organized bashi-bazouk troops still ... ISBN 978-0-14-242256-4. Alexis Heraclides; Ada Dialla (2015). Humanitarian Intervention in the Long Nineteenth Century: Setting ... 19th century in the Ottoman Empire, Robbers, Outlaws, Ottoman period in the Balkans, Persecution of Christians in the Ottoman ...

18th and 19th centuries) as influences from Turkey spread to the region. Kheimeh Shab-Bazi is a traditional Persian puppet show ... in the first half of the 13th century. 18th and 19th centuries The 18th century was a vital period in the development of all ... In the 18th century, operas were specifically composed for marionette puppets. Gluck, Haydn, de Falla and Respighi all composed ... Punch's wife was originally "Joan", but later became "Judy". In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the familiar Punch and ...

The oldest known Fen skates are thought to be from the 18th century. Some - a pair in the Museum of Cambridge, for example were ... A generation later Turkey Smart was backed to skate a mile in two-and-a-half minutes, but failed by 2 seconds.[citation needed ... where they had been in use since the 13th century or earlier, in the fens metal skates were in use by the seventeenth century; ... The twentieth century saw a decline in the popularity of fen skating. While it is not known when and how metal-bladed skates ...

In the late 18th century, saltpeter miners in Haynes Cave found large animal bones in the deposits. These were sent by a local ... tribal villages began depending on corn to feed their turkey flocks, as Kanawha Fort Ancients practiced bird husbandry. The ... Salt mining had been underway since the 18th century, though it had largely played out by the time of the American Civil War, ... A horizon extending from a little before the early 18th century is sometimes called the acculturating Fireside Cabin culture. ...

The area was reclaimed gradually during the 18th century to become an imperial garden, much appreciated by the Ottoman sultans ... Landmarks in Turkey, Beşiktaş, Presidential palaces in Turkey, Historic house museums in Turkey). ... Various small summer palaces and wooden pavilions were built here during the 18th and 19th centuries ultimately forming a ... The clocks outside of his room now are set to the actual time in Turkey, but the clock in the room in which he died still ...

It is situated in a large 18th-century mansion. Statue of Diogenes (Turkish: Diyojen Heykeli) is a monument to the Ancient ... and 4th-3rd centuries BC), by Romans in the mid-1st century BC, and by Turkic people beginning in the 12th century. In the 19th ... Provincial municipalities in Turkey, Fishing communities in Turkey, Paphlagonia, Populated coastal places in Turkey, Populated ... 18th century) Seydi Ali Reis, Ottoman admiral, writer and scientist, was born into a family who was originally from Sinop. ...

... former main gate of the Azov Fortress of the 15th century. The Gate dates to a later period - 17th- 18th centuries. The ... the possession of Azov by Russia was secured by the Constantinople Peace Treaty concluded between Russia and Turkey. In the ... Buildings and structures completed in the 15th century, Cultural heritage monuments of federal significance in Rostov Oblast). ... eighteenth century, Russian military engineers led by the Austrian A. I Laval carried out the restructuring of the ramparts and ...

Finally, the Tektek mountains were completely abandoned by permanent settlement sometime during the 18th century. Why is ... Sinclair, T. A. (1990). Eastern Turkey: An Architectural and Archaeological Survey, Volume IV. London: The Pindar Press. pp. ... as happened in the 13th and 18th centuries, olive growers would have suffered heavily. There has never been any significant ... In the 12th and 13th centuries, the Tektek mountains formed part of the region known as Shabakhtan. In the middle ages, the ...

They left Spain in the late 1600s and moved to Tangiers, North Africa, branching off into Asia Minor in the 18th century. ... Modern location: Bergama, Izmir Province, Turkey. The Laredo family was of Spanish Jewish descent, having lived as secret Jews ... 20th-century American Sephardic Jews, 21st-century American Sephardic Jews). ...

Greek houses were built at the end of the 18th and 19th century prior to the population exchange between Greece and Turkey. ... The first layer of frescos were made at the start of the 14th century, the second layer of frescos were made in 1723. It is ... The monastery was built during the eighth century and is now operated as a farm. Today, all that remains are the perimeter ... At the end of the 19th century, 3,657 Greeks lived in the town against 199 Muslims. By 1920, only 20-25 Turkish households ...

Turkey has an embassy in Stockholm. At the beginning of the 18th century, the two countries were allied against the Tsardom of ... Tensions between Sweden and Turkey were sharply heightened following protests against Turkey in Stockholm. Turkey summoned ... Turkey demanded that Sweden end its support to the Gülen movement and the PKK. Turkey asked Sweden to stop and end the Kurdish ... While Turkey became a member of NATO in 1952, Sweden has never been a member of NATO. In 2022, Turkey opposed Sweden and ...

... and they were extinct by the mid-18th century. The last people evacuated with the Spanish to Cuba in 1763, when Spain ceded ... They fished bass and mullet, or hunted deer, turkeys, bear and opossum. Others farmed beans, corn, melons, squash, and tobacco ... During the late eighteenth century, Creek tribes made their way to Florida. In a process of ethnogenesis, the Seminole tribe ...

Abu 'l-Wafāʾ al-Shāghūrī's visits to Turkey in the 12th/18th century most likely represent the earliest spread of the Saʿdiyya ... Dates for the Saʿdi arrivals are uncertain, but some Saʿdī tekkes were established by the 18th century in Kosovo, Macedonia, ... According to 20th-century Saʿdī awrād, he was born in Mecca in 460/1067 and died in Jiba; al-Nabhānī placed Saʿd in the Mamlūk ... In 19th-century Istanbul out of 259 opportunities to attend various dhikrs every week, 26 were Saʿdi. There were 25 Saʿdi ...

The museum is at 39°30′13″N 26°58′52″E / 39.50361°N 26.98111°E / 39.50361; 26.98111 The museum is housed in an 18th-century ... Ethnographic museums in Turkey, Historic house museums in Turkey, 2008 establishments in Turkey, Museums established in 2008). ... is a museum in Burhaniye district of Balıkesir Province in western Turkey. Burhaniye is an ilçe (district) of Balıkesir ...

The majority of Notia's Megleno-Romanian population converted to Islam in the 17th or 18th century. With the 1923 population ... exchange between Greece and Turkey, the Muslim Megleno-Romanians of the village were deported to Eastern Thrace in Turkey. They ... Lying at an altitude of 595 metres in the Upper Almopia Plain, it was for centuries the largest Megleno-Romanians village, and ... in Present-Day Turkey". Nationalities Papers. 34 (1): 71-90. doi:10.1080/00905990500504871. Stavridopoulos, Ioannis (2015). ...

As a result of the booming textile industry in the city, the first trade shows were held in the 18th century. Since 1821, ... Wholesale merchants from Vienna, Linz, Saxony, Hungary and Turkey attended the annual markets in Brno, i.e. from the same ... 20th-century architecture in the Czech Republic, Pages using the Kartographer extension). ...

Pasqua Rosée, a native of Smyrna, western Turkey of a Levant Company merchant named Daniel Edwards, established the first ... 17th century in England, 18th century in England). ... To Clapham's I go': a mid to late 18th-century Cambridge ... English coffeehouses in the 17th and 18th centuries were public social places where men would meet for conversation and ... Towards the end of the 18th century, coffeehouses had almost completely disappeared from the popular social scene in England. ...

In the early 18th century, Jews were allowed to settle in Sathmar. Some of them became involved in large-scale agriculture, ... In the 17th century, prince Gabriel Bethlen permitted Sephardi Jews from Turkey to settle in the Transylvanian capital ... In the 18th century, intense urbanisation began; several buildings survive from that period, including the old city hall, the ... A royal free city since the 13th century, Satu Mare changed hands several times in the 15th century until the Báthory family ...

18th century plant taxonomy bequeathed to the 19th century a precise binomial nomenclature and botanical terminology, a system ... By the middle of the sixteenth century there was already a flourishing export trade of various bulbs from Turkey to Europe. In ... By the early 17th century the number of plants described in Europe had risen to about 6000. The 18th century Enlightenment ... During the 18th century botany was one of the few sciences considered appropriate for genteel educated women. Around 1760, with ...

Built in the 18th century originally with a thatched roof, another wing was added in the 1840s. [...] In 1986, it became the ... She travelled much throughout Ireland, and in her twenties visited Italy, France, Greece, and Turkey. "Miss Barlow" had great ... 19th-century Irish writers, 20th-century Irish writers, 19th-century Irish women writers, 20th-century Irish women writers, ... 19th-century Irish novelists, 20th-century Irish novelists, Irish women novelists, Irish women poets, 1917 deaths, Writers from ...

25th-century BC establishments, 18th-century BC disestablishments, History of Turkey, Archaeology of Turkey, Special economic ... modern Turkey) from the 20th to 18th centuries BC. The main centre of karum trading was at the ancient town of Kanesh. Early ... The name Karum is given to an upscale shopping mall in Çankaya district of modern-day Ankara, Turkey. It is a reference to the ... Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi, Ankara, ISBN 975-7523-00-3 Seton Lloyd: Ancient Turkey (Translation: Ender Verinlioğlu) Tubitak, ...

... is an 18th-century fortification at Babakale, Ayvacık, the westernmost point of mainland Turkey. It was built during the ... Babakale Castle is situated on a hill at Cape Baba, the westernmost point of mainland Turkey, in Babakale, Ayvacık in Çanakkale ... Castles in Turkey, Buildings and structures in Çanakkale Province, Buildings and structures completed in the 1720s, Coastal ...