Intron-mediated enhancement - Wikipedia
In Arabidopsis and other plant species, the IMEter has been developed to calculate the likelihood that an intron sequence will ... Rose, A (2002). "Requirements for intron-mediated enhancement of gene expression in Arabidopsis". RNA. 8 (11): 1444-53. doi: ... Gallegos, Jenna E.; Rose, Alan B. (2015-08-01). "The enduring mystery of intron-mediated enhancement". Plant Science. 237: 8-15 ... The Plant Journal. 11 (3): 455-464. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313X.1997.11030455.x. PMID 9107035. Jeon, JS; Lee, S; Jung, KH; Jun, SH ...
DCL2 - Wikipedia
Meyers BC, Zhan J, Shevela D, Slotkin KR (2022), Plant Small RNAs: Biogenesis and Functions, Agrisera Educational Poster ... The DUF283 domain have been recently associated as a protein domain involve in facilitation of RNA-RNA base pairing and RNA- ... Choudhary S, Thakur S, Bhardwaj P (August 2019). "Molecular basis of transitivity in plant RNA silencing". Molecular Biology ... where the cleavage of dsRNA produce small RNA products called viral siRNAs or vsi-RNAs. Other examples of exogenous source of ...
Fungal DNA barcoding - Wikipedia
The RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1 is the largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is encoded ... Kress WJ (2017). "Plant DNA barcodes: Applications today and in the future". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 55 (4): 291- ... RNA. 3 (4): 543-55. doi:10.1002/wrna.1118. PMC 3374885. PMID 22555874. Meyer W, Irinyi L, Hoang MT, Robert V, Garcia-Hermoso D ... However, its discrimination power is partly superseded by that of the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1 (see also ...
CRM domain - Wikipedia
... and that they were co-opted in the plant lineage as RNA binding modules by incorporation into diverse protein contexts. Plant ... The diversity of the CRM domain family in plants suggests a diverse set of RNA targets. The CRM domain is a compact alpha/beta ... In molecular biology, the CRM domain is an approximately 100-amino acid RNA-binding domain. The name CRM (chloroplast RNA ... and that the domain was recruited to serve as an RNA binding module during the evolution of plant genomes. YhbY has a fold ...
Mir-396 microRNA precursor family - Wikipedia
Chen M, Meng Y, Gu H, Chen D (December 2010). "Functional characterization of plant small RNAs based on next-generation ... RNA. 14 (5): 836-43. doi:10.1261/rna.895308. PMC 2327369. PMID 18356539. Page for MIR396 microRNA precursor family at Rfam v t ... In molecular biology mir-396 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other ... Hewezi T, Howe P, Maier TR, Baum TJ (December 2008). "Arabidopsis small RNAs and their targets during cyst nematode parasitism ...
Mir-390 microRNA precursor family - Wikipedia
Axtell MJ, Snyder JA, Bartel DP (June 2007). "Common functions for diverse small RNAs of land plants". The Plant Cell. 19 (6): ... "Small RNA regulation of ovule development in the cotton plant, G. hirsutum L". BMC Plant Biology. 8: 93. doi:10.1186/1471-2229- ... "Identification of trans-acting siRNAs in moss and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase required for their biogenesis". The Plant ... Li F, Orban R, Baker B (June 2012). "SoMART: a web server for plant miRNA, tasiRNA and target gene analysis". The Plant Journal ...
Sindbis virus - Wikipedia
Lai MM (1992). "RNA recombination in animal and plant viruses". Microbiol Rev. 56 (1): 61-79. doi:10.1128/mr.56.1.61-79.1992. ... end of Sindbis virus genome RNA regulate minus- and plus-strand RNA synthesis". RNA. 7 (11): 1638-1651. doi:10.1017/ ... The RNA has a 5-cap and 3-polyadenylated tail, and therefore serves directly as messenger RNA (mRNA) in a host cell. The ... The genomic RNA is partially translated at the 5 end to produce the non-structural proteins which are then involved in genome ...
Group II intron - Wikipedia
... parallels with spliceosomal U6 RNA". RNA. 12 (2): 235-47. doi:10.1261/rna.2237806. PMC 1370903. PMID 16428604. Valadkhan S (May ... Ahlert D, Piepenburg K, Kudla J, Bock R (July 2006). "Evolutionary origin of a plant mitochondrial group II intron from a ... RNA. 16 (1): 1-9. doi:10.1261/rna.1791310. PMC 2802019. PMID 19948765. Peebles CL, Perlman PS, Mecklenburg KL, Petrillo ML, ... doi:10.4161/rna.7.3.12089. PMID 20458185. Karberg M, Guo H, Zhong J, Coon R, Perutka J, Lambowitz AM (December 2001). "Group II ...
Enoplea - Wikipedia
Many enopleans are parasites of plants and animals, including humans. The orders Triplonchida and Dorylaimida include plant- ... 2012). "Armless mitochondrial tRNAs in Enoplea (Nematoda)". RNA Biology. 9 (9): 1161-66. doi:10.4161/rna.21630. PMC 3579883. ... Archived 2013-10-12 at the Wayback Machine Nemaplex: Nematode-Plant Expert Information System. University of California, Davis ... Archived 2013-09-28 at the Wayback Machine Nemaplex: Nematode-Plant Expert Information System. University of California, Davis ...
Translational regulation - Wikipedia
RNA 10(2): 265-276. doi:10.1261/rna.5164904 Taylor, R. C., Webb Robertson, B.-J. M., Markille, L. M., Serres, M. H., Linggi, B ... Translation in plants is tightly regulated as in animals, however, it is not as well understood as transcriptional regulation. ... the impact of RNA sequence. RNA Biol. 2015;12:950-8. Schueren F, Lingner T, George R, Hofhuis J, Gartner J, Thoms S (2014). " ... This inhibition of initiation through complex RNA structures may be circumvented in some cases by way of internal ribosomal ...
Virusoid - Wikipedia
"Circular RNAs and Plant Stress Responses". In Xiao, Junjie (ed.). Circular RNAs. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ... Plant satellite RNAs and virusoids depend on their respective helper viruses for replication, while the helper viruses ... Likewise, the lack of any sequence similarity between the satellite RNAs and their host viruses, host plants and insect vectors ... The first virusoid was discovered in Nicotiana velutina plants infected with Velvet tobacco mottle virus R2 (VTMOV). These RNAs ...
Innate immune system - Wikipedia
RNA silencing mechanisms are important in the plant systemic response, as they can block virus replication. The jasmonic acid ... Most plant immune responses involve systemic chemical signals sent throughout a plant. Plants use PRRs to recognize conserved ... Baulcombe D (September 2004). "RNA silencing in plants". Nature. 431 (7006): 356-363. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..356B. doi:10.1038/ ... see: plant defense against herbivory). Like invertebrates, plants neither generate antibody or T-cell responses nor possess ...
Arlette Nougarède - Wikipedia
Plant Biology, by the American Society of Plant Biologists (2005). 1965: Ernest Dechelle Prize of the French Academy of ... RNA, proteins; functioning, cell cycle). After simple mitosis surveys for the vegetative point of Bean, quantitative methods ... Arlette Nougarède and her team identify, in the whole plant, regions of constant localization, differentiated into G1 and which ... In the 20th century, histocytology and ontogenic examination made it possible to understand how plant meristems regularly form ...
Immune system - Wikipedia
Baulcombe D (September 2004). "RNA silencing in plants". Nature. 431 (7006): 356-63. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..356B. doi:10.1038/ ... but many plant immune responses involve systemic chemical signals that are sent through a plant. Individual plant cells respond ... When a part of a plant becomes infected, the plant produces a localized hypersensitive response, whereby cells at the site of ... Systemic acquired resistance is a type of defensive response used by plants that renders the entire plant resistant to a ...
SRNA-Xcc1 - Wikipedia
sRNA-Xcc1 (small RNA identified from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris) is a family of trans-acting non-coding RNA (also ... vesicatoria is homologous to two-component response regulators". Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 9 (8): 704-12. doi:10.1094/mpmi-9- ... RNA Biol. 8 (6): 947-53. doi:10.4161/rna.8.6.16690. PMC 3256417. PMID 21941121. Schmidtke C, Findeiß S, Sharma CM, Kuhfuß J, ... 2011). "Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of the plant pathogen Xanthomonas identifies sRNAs with putative virulence functions ...
Mitochondrion - Wikipedia
In higher plants, it was thought that CGG encoded for tryptophan and not arginine; however, the codon in the processed RNA was ... Hiesel R, Wissinger B, Schuster W, Brennicke A (December 1989). "RNA editing in plant mitochondria". Science. 246 (4937): 1632- ... Plant mitochondria can also produce a limited amount of ATP either by breaking the sugar produced during photosynthesis or ... Some of these differences should be regarded as pseudo-changes in the genetic code due to the phenomenon of RNA editing, which ...
CRISPR gene editing - Wikipedia
CRISPR-Cas systems can also be employed for editing of micro-RNA and long-noncoding RNA genes in plants. Directing edits to ... "Targeting Non-Coding RNAs in Plants with the CRISPR-Cas Technology is a Challenge yet Worth Accepting". Frontiers in Plant ... RNA editing is therefore considered to be less risky. Furthermore, it may only require a guide RNA by using the ADAR protein ... The act regulates any genetically modified organism that utilizes the genome of a predefined "plant pest" or any plant not ...
SLC46A3 - Wikipedia
"The Conservation and Function of RNA Secondary Structure in Plants". Annual Review of Plant Biology. 67 (1): 463-88. doi: ... Paz I, Kosti I, Ares M, Cline M, Mandel-Gutfreund Y (July 2014). "RBPmap: a web server for mapping binding sites of RNA-binding ... Control of Messenger RNA Stability. 1993. doi:10.1016/c2009-0-03269-3. ISBN 9780120847822. Zuker M (July 2003). "Mfold web ... The dorsal horn shows considerable expression in the cervical spine of adult mouse (P56). RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that bind ...
Insecticide - Wikipedia
Many organic compounds are already produced by plants for the purpose of defending the host plant from predation, and can be ... Kupferschmidt, K. (2013). "A Lethal Dose of RNA". Science. 341 (6147): 732-3. Bibcode:2013Sci...341..732K. doi:10.1126/science. ... When insects feed on the plant, they ingest the insecticide. Systemic insecticides produced by transgenic plants are called ... Trapp, S.; Croteau, R. (2001). "Defensive Biosynthesis of Resin in Conifers". Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant ...
Carlavirus - Wikipedia
"Carlavirus Isolation and RNA Extraction." Foster, Gary D. and Sally C. Taylorin. Plant Virology Protocols: From Virus Isolation ... The genome encodes 3 to 6 proteins including a coat protein located at the 3 end and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase located ... Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method ... Plants serve as the natural host. Infection is at times spread by aphids in a semi-persistent mode, that is, the vector is ...
Viroid - Wikipedia
Circular RNA Microparasite Non-cellular life Plant pathology Plasmid Prion RNA world hypothesis Satellite (biology) Virus Virus ... of RNAs with molecular properties predicted for RNAs of the RNA world constitutes another powerful argument supporting the RNA ... Circular RNA, unlike linear RNA, forms a covalently closed continuous loop, in which the 3 and 5 ends present in linear RNA ... of plant cells in three steps through an RNA-based mechanism. They require RNA polymerase II, a host cell enzyme normally ...
Viral quasispecies - Wikipedia
"Experimental evolution of plant RNA viruses". Heredity. 100 (5): 478-83. doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6801088. PMC 7094686. PMID 18253158 ... Attenuated RNA virus vaccines can revert to virulent forms. RNA viruses released in nature for pest control purposes can mutate ... The molecular basis of high error rates is the limited template-copying fidelity of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps) and ... Holland JJ, De La Torre JC, Steinhauer DA (1992). "RNA Virus Populations as Quasispecies". Genetic Diversity of RNA Viruses. ...
Real-time polymerase chain reaction - Wikipedia
To quantify gene expression, the (Cq) for an RNA or DNA from the gene of interest is subtracted from the (Cq) of RNA/DNA from a ... mixed in with the DNA of the host plant. Discrimination between the DNA of the pathogen and the plant is based on the ... The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a common method for amplifying DNA; for RNA-based PCR the RNA sample is first reverse- ... As the process of creating a transgenic plant normally leads to the insertion of more than one copy of the transgene its ...
Carbohydrate - Wikipedia
In plants, starch is used for the same purpose. The most abundant carbohydrate, cellulose, is a structural component of the ... cell wall of plants and many forms of algae. Ribose is a component of RNA. Deoxyribose is a component of DNA. Lyxose is a ... Plant components are consumed by animals and fungi, and used as fuel for cellular respiration. Oxidation of one gram of ... Polysaccharides serve as an energy store (e.g. starch and glycogen) and as structural components (e.g. cellulose in plants and ...
Tellurium ion resistance - Wikipedia
RNA Biol. 8 (1): 5-10. doi:10.4161/rna.8.1.13865. PMC 3142362. PMID 21317561. "2.A.109 The Tellurium Ion Resistance (TerC) ... Plant J. 55 (3): 428-442. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03523.x. PMID 18429937. Meyer, M.M.; Hammond, M.C.; Salinas, Y.; Roth, A ... The Plant Journal. 55 (3): 428-442. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03523.x. ISSN 1365-313X. PMID 18429937. Turkovicova, L.; ...
Eukaryotic ribosome - Wikipedia
The ribosome selects aminoacylated transfer RNAs (tRNAs) based on the sequence of a protein-encoding messenger RNA (mRNA) and ... However, the ribosomes of eukaryotes (animals, plants, fungi, and large number unicellular organisms all with a nucleus) are ... The 60S subunit contains a 28S rRNA that is homologous to the prokaryotic 23S ribosomal RNA. In addition, it contains a 5.8S ... The majority of the eukaryote-specific RNA and protein elements are found on the solvent-exposed sides of the 40S and 60S ...
Chloroplast DNA - Wikipedia
Chloroplasts also contain a mysterious second RNA polymerase that is encoded by the plants nuclear genome. The two RNA ... Parasitic plants such as Epifagus virginiana show a loss of RNA editing resulting in a loss of function for photosynthesis ... Tillich M, Krause K (July 2010). "The ins and outs of editing and splicing of plastid RNAs: lessons from parasitic plants". New ... Takenaka M, Zehrmann A, Verbitskiy D, Härtel B, Brennicke A (2013). "RNA editing in plants and its evolution". Annual Review of ...
Richard A. Jorgensen - Wikipedia
... the existence of an RNA Information Superhighway in plants by which information is transmitted throughout the plant via RNA ... From 2003 through 2007 Jorgensen served as editor-in-chief of The Plant Cell, a research journal in plant biology. From 2007 to ... "An RNA-Based Information Superhighway in Plants". Science. 279 (5356): 1486-1487. doi:10.1126/science.279.5356.1486. PMID ... Their initial observations were made while working at the U.S. biotech company DNA Plant Technology and form part of the basis ...
Tobacco mosaic virus - Wikipedia
In this way the RNA can easily fit as a spiral into the interior of the helical capsid. Like other plant pathogenic viruses, ... The 4 genes encode a replicase (with methyltransferase [MT] and RNA helicase [Hel] domains), an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, a ... RNA 3 end. The resulting mRNAs encode several proteins, including the coat protein and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp ... Lindbo JA (December 2007). "TRBO: a high-efficiency tobacco mosaic virus RNA-based overexpression vector". Plant Physiology. ...
Ferula drudeana - Wikipedia
In 1983 Mahmut Miski started researching the plant in the wild of Mount Hasan, and in 2021 he published a paper in Plants, ... 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, complete sequence; and internal transcribed spacer 2, partial sequence. Submitted April 5, 2014. The ... Until 2003, the plant was only collected once more, by Michail Georgevich Pimenov in 1996, north of Arslanköy at the border ... It has been proposed as a candidate for the fabled silphium plant of antiquity. It is known from only three locations in Turkey ...