Rats and mice are by far the most common species used in studies assessing the antinociceptive effects of opioids11. "Rodent ... Smith, MA., Evans, SM. Introduction to special issue on animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders and substance use disorders ... In fact, as many as one in four patients receiving long-term opioid therapy in a primary care setting struggles with opioid ... The mechanisms that underlie the long persistence of relapse risk,. *and the mechanisms by which drug-associated cues come to ...