John P. Rafferty writes about Earth processes and the environment. He serves currently as the editor of Earth and life sciences ... Erik Gregersen is a senior editor at Encyclopaedia Britannica, specializing in the physical sciences and technology. Before ... and the Balzan Prize for Quantum Information Processing and Communication (2013). He wrote Introduction to Quantum Optics: From ...

fugacity (physical science). fugacity, a measure of the tendency of a component of a liquid mixture to escape, or vaporize, ... Nuclear processes for power production give off no smoke, smog, noxious gases, or even carbon dioxide, as conventional coal- or ... the pounding process, which typically involves a mortar and ...

physical anthropology. physical anthropology, branch of anthropology concerned with the origin, evolution, and diversity of ... mitosis, a process of cell duplication, or reproduction, during which one cell gives rise to two genetically identical...... ... natural selection, process that results in the adaptation of an organism to its environment by means of selectively...... ... Kenneth Oakley, English physical anthropologist, geologist, and paleontologist best known for his work in the relative...... ...

Many catalytic processes are known in which the catalyst and the reactants are not present in the same phase-that is, state of ... as do uncatalyzed chemical processes. To be efficient catalytically, a process must involve energies of activation for all the ... The various polymeric forms differ in their physical properties. Isotactic polypropylene, for example, has a density of 0.92 ... The reaction involving only N-N bonds, however, studied by following the process 14N2 + 15N2→ 214N-15N (in which 14N and 15N ...

heating (process or system). heating, process and system of raising the temperature of an enclosed space for the primary ... principles of physical science: Entropy and disorder: …time the universe will suffer "heat death," having attained a condition ... meat processing: Heat ring: Heat ring is a problem associated with beef carcasses and results from differential chilling rates ... heat-treating, changing the properties of materials such as metals or glass by processes involving heating. It is used to ...

The Fria Companys bauxite-reducing factory at nearby Kimbo was one of Africas first alumina-processing plants and is Guineas ... Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Friedmann, Russian mathematician and physical scientist. After graduating from the University of St. ... frozen meal: Cooking: On the other hand, fried chicken is completely precooked during the frying process. Frozen fried chicken ... is one such relation that helps explain mind or mental processes. Holts student, Edward C. Tolman, later emphasized these ...

The restoration process begins with an assessment of the degraded site. The current site conditions should be thoroughly ... Erosion control and land stabilization tools include physical structures along stream banks, blankets of mulch placed on ... This process is called passive restoration because restoration specialists do not need to take much action. For example, ... Ecological restoration, the process of repairing sites in nature whose biological communities (that is, interacting groups of ...

Swedish physicist and physical chemist known for his theory of electrolytic dissociation and his model of the greenhouse effect ... His years (1884-90) as a doctoral and postdoctoral student pioneering the new physical chemistry were spent at the Institute of ... Linking the calculations of his abstract model to natural processes, Arrhenius estimated the effect of the burning of fossil ... Arrheniuss scientific career encompassed three distinct specialties within the broad fields of physics and chemistry: physical ...

The events of World War II had the simultaneous effect of accelerating interest in the physical properties of the deep sea and ... Home Geography & Travel Physical Geography of Water Oceans & Seas Contemporary study. The events of World War II had the ... Oceanwide circulation dynamics, air-sea interactions, and large-scale marine ecosystem processes have been among the topics at ... a technology that also promises to revolutionize the study of ocean acoustics and geologic processes below the seafloor. Remote ...

The physical properties of alkenes and alkynes are generally similar to those of alkanes or cycloalkanes with equal numbers of ... In such processes the liquid oils are converted to fats of a more solid consistency. Butter substitutes such as margarine are ... Physical properties. The physical properties of alkenes and alkynes are generally similar to those of alkanes or cycloalkanes ... Hydrogenation is used to prepare alkanes and cycloalkanes and also to change the physical properties of highly unsaturated ...

Home Geography & Travel Physical Geography of Land Physical geography. The land. Geologic record. Antarctica and continental ... Both evolved through long and slow geologic processes.. Effects of glacial erosion and deposition dominate everywhere in ...

... or physical system to follow its process or to study distribution of the substance in the system. Tracer dyes have long been ... tracer, detectable substance added to a chemical, biological, or physical system to follow its process or to study distribution ...

biology, study of living things and their vital processes. The field deals with all the physicochemical aspects...... ... biophysics, discipline concerned with the application of the principles and methods of physics and the other physical...... ... bioclimatology, branch of climatology that deals with the effects of the physical environment on living organisms...... ... biochemistry, study of the chemical substances and processes that occur in plants, animals, and microorganisms...... ...

... including their physical and chemical properties, their origin and geologic framework, and the life forms that inhabit the ... Physical oceanography deals with the properties of seawater (temperature, density, pressure, and so on), its movement (waves, ... the remote sensing of oceanic processes with aircraft and Earth-orbiting satellites, and the exploration of the seafloor by ... oceanography, scientific discipline concerned with all aspects of the worlds oceans and seas, including their physical and ...

... are investigated to find whether they seem to stem from physical body processes. ... The whole process, in effect, yields the individuals self-generated assessment of his own ability to carry on. If he continues ... In the process it was forgotten that work output is a product of, rather than a description of, the worker. ... When brain processes are so sharply affected as to reduce perceptual or attitudinal awareness, impairment may produce marked ...

... scientific discipline concerned with the physical and chemical transformations that occur during cooking. The name is sometimes ... Molecular gastronomy seeks to generate new knowledge on the basis of the chemistry and physics behind culinary processes-for ... The scientific discipline-which was introduced under the name molecular and physical gastronomy and later shortened to ... Molecular gastronomy, on the other hand, focuses on the mechanisms of transformation that occur during culinary processes at ...

One of the best-informed men of science in his day, his concern with the physical processes that produced geologic phenomena ... Dana stressed the progressive change of the Earths physical features but at first was reluctant to accept the idea of the ... But in 1859, the strain of his self-imposed overwork resulted in a physical breakdown from which he never fully recovered. ... led to brilliant generalizations on such fundamental questions as the formation of the physical features of the Earth, the ...

Compounds are formed by a process called a chemical reaction. Elements combine, or react, to form compounds that have physical ... physical chemistry. The application of physical methods to the study of chemical problems. Included in this field are atomic ... Matter itself can be classified according to its physical state: solid, liquid, gas, or plasma. A study of the physical states ... As with chemical changes, mass is conserved when matter undergoes a physical change. The only change is in physical form. (See ...

... federal government charged with processing and delivering mail and with protecting the mail from loss, theft, or abuse in ... to boost the utility of physical mail by employing that technology to capture and provide information about the processing and ... Automation, modernization, and streamlining of the postal process. Smokey Bears ZIP Code. Smokey Bear, iconic symbol of ... Besides providing mail processing and delivery services, it oversees the application of postal rates and fees as determined by ...

Thus, a volume of blood equal to all that found in the body of an adult human being is processed by the kidneys once every four ... Although some physical conditions can inhibit blood flow, there are certain self-regulatory mechanisms inherent to the arteries ... Blood that has been processed by the nephrons ultimately reaches the renal vein, which carries it back to the inferior vena ...

Distillation, process involving the conversion of a liquid into vapour that is subsequently condensed back to liquid form. It ... has evolved in close association with other branches of the physical sciences since their beginnings. A sample of a single ...

Several physical methods to do this were intensively explored, and two were chosen-the electromagnetic process developed at the ... Both of these processes, particularly the diffusion method, required large, complex facilities and huge amounts of electric ... Ernest Orlando Lawrence was program chief in charge of the development of the electromagnetic process of separating uranium-235 ... took steps in 1939 to organize a project to exploit the newly recognized fission process for military purposes. The first ...

... or surgery is largely eliminated by physical and psychological conditioning. Until the early 20th century, the term natural ... Preparation also includes full instruction and coaching on the anatomy and physiology of the birth process, thus enabling the ... or surgery is largely eliminated by physical and psychological conditioning. Until the early 20th century, the term natural ... in which he postulated that excessive pain in labour results from muscular tension arising from fear of the birth process; he ...

These are 2.5 billion years and older and have been unaffected by orogenic processes since Precambrian times (about 4 billion ... Physical features of Zambia. Zambia has a long land border on the west with Angola but is divided from its neighbours to the ... Over most of the country, ancient crystalline rocks are exposed, the product of prolonged erosion processes. In western Zambia ...

These physical and psychological factors have been the subject of numerous studies by industrial psychologists and others. ... Employee suggestion systems provide further opportunity for the individual to have a direct effect on the productive process; ... With this understanding in mind, work tasks can be structured to produce a minimum of mental and physical fatigue; this ... experience and to acquaint them with various aspects of the manufacturing process. This can give each employee a concept of the ...

molecular and physical gastronomy. molecular gastronomy, the scientific discipline concerned with the physical and chemical ... molecular biology, field of science concerned with studying the chemical structures and processes of biological phenomena that ... molecular gastronomy, the scientific discipline concerned with the physical and chemical transformations that occur during ... combined with advances in the physical sciences and gene technology, would make it possible for enormous transformative power ...

orchitis, inflammation and swelling of the testes as a result of infection or physical injury. The testes are a...... ... Home Science Biology Life Cycle, Processes & Properties Life Cycle, Processes & Properties, MYC-OTI. None of us are born ... This process can look very different across different species. In many simple organisms and in higher animals, the life cycle ... human nutrition, process by which substances in food are transformed into body tissues and provide energy for the...... ...

... process by which a human infant (age 0 to 12 months) gains awareness of and responds to external stimuli. At birth, infants ... The process of grouping is partly functional in infants, but it is more easily disrupted in children than in adults. Part of ... Despite the physical maturity of the cochlea about two-thirds of the way through gestation, sound conduction through the ... infant perception, process by which a human infant (age 0 to 12 months) gains awareness of and responds to external stimuli. At ...

These disadvantages are overcome to a great extent by cross-linking the polymer chains through the process known as ... The uniqueness of natural rubber lies in its physical properties of extensibility and toughness, summarized by its ability to ...

... and are processed at higher temperatures than the lager beers popular in the United States. Pale ale has up to 5 percent ... This process brings the sulfur in the calcium sulfate deposits into use. Because deposits of calcium sulfate throughout the ... In salt dome: Physical characteristics of salt domes.. …minor amounts of anhydrite (calcium sulfate) and traces of other ... brewed with water rich in calcium sulfate, are made with top-fermenting yeast, and are processed at higher temperatures than ...