"GSTZ1 glutathione S-transferase zeta 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2018-12-06. " ... Glutathione binds in positions 14-19, 71-72, and 115-117. It also binds the sulfate ion and dithiothreitol. Maleylacetoacetate ... Ser 15, Cys 16, Gln 111, and the helix dipole of alpha 1 of the enzyme stabilize the thiolate form of glutathione which ... "Glutathione". PubChem Compound Database. National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine. ...

A common non-ribosomal peptide is glutathione, a component of the antioxidant defenses of most aerobic organisms. Other ... Meister A, Anderson ME; Anderson (1983). "Glutathione". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 52 (1): 711-60. doi:10.1146/annurev.bi. ...

ISBN 978-0-943088-39-6. Grill D, Tausz T, De Kok LJ (2001). Significance of glutathione in plant adaptation to the environment ... ISBN 978-1-4020-0178-9. Meister A, Anderson ME (1983). "Glutathione". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 52: 711-60. doi:10.1146/ ...

Simoni, R. D.; Hill, R. L.; Vaughan, M. (2002). "On glutathione. II. A thermostable oxidation-reduction system (Hopkins, F. G ... doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)77062-2. Kendall, Edward C.; McKenzie, Bernard F.; Mason, Harold L. (1929). "A Study of Glutathione. ... Hopkins is credited with the discovery and characterisation in 1921 of glutathione extracted from various animal tissues. At ... Hopkins, Frederick Gowland (1929). "On Glutathione: A Reinvestigation" (PDF). J. Biol. Chem. 84: 269-320. ...

Role of glutathione". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 278 (5): 3347-56. doi:10.1074/jbc.M207963200. PMID 12424247. Kreimer ...

The molecule is conjugated to a single molecule of reduced glutathione which then absorbs at 340 nm. Affinity of CDNB for each ... Habig WH, Pabst MJ, Jakoby WB (1974). "Glutathione S-transferases. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation". J ...

ETFDH Glutathione synthetase deficiency; 266130; GSS Glycerol kinase deficiency; 307030; GK Glycine encephalopathy; 605899; AMT ... GCLC Hemolytic anemia due to glutathione synthetase deficiency; 231900; GSS Hemolytic anemia due to hexokinase deficiency; ...

For example, increased expression of glutathione promotes drug resistance, as the electrophilic properties of glutathione allow ... 1996-01-01). "Glutathione and Drug Resistance". Cancer Investigation. 14 (2): 158-168. doi:10.3109/07357909609018891. ISSN 0735 ...

13-Oxo-ODE itself may react with glutathione in a non-enzymatic Michael reaction or a glutathione transferase-dependent ... Colonic mucosal explants from Sprague-Dawley rats and human colon cancer HT29 cells add glutathione to 13-oxo-ODE in a Michael ... Murphy, Robert C; Zarini, Simona (2002). "Glutathione adducts of oxyeicosanoids". Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators. 68-69 ... and export of the 13-OXO-glutathione conjugate in HT-29 cells". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell ...

Both glutathione biosynthesis enzymes are essential in plants; knock-outs of GCL and GS are lethal to embryo and seedling, ... GCL is exclusively located in plastids, and glutathione synthetase (GS) is dual-targeted to plastids and cytosol, thus GSH and ... Pasternak M, Lim B, Wirtz M, Hell R, Cobbett CS, Meyer AJ (March 2008). "Restricting glutathione biosynthesis to the cytosol is ... Studies also shown that restricting GCL activity to the cytosol or glutathione biosynthesis to the plastids is sufficient for ...

Glutathione synthesis In 1970, a former colleague, Dan Mohler, referred her to a family with a glutathione synthetase ... Glutathione synthesis Minnich, V.; Smith, M. B.; Brauner, M. J.; Majerus, P. W. (March 1971). "Glutathione biosynthesis in ... Majerus, P. W.; Brauner, M. J.; Smith, M. B.; Minnich, V. (August 1971). "Glutathione synthesis in human erythrocytes. II. ... I. Identification of the enzymes of glutathione synthesis in hemolysates". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 50 (3): 507- ...

Lead also upregulates glutathione. Heavy metal exposure, when combined with certain genetic predispositions, can place ... Elevated mercury levels increase glutathione levels by affecting gene expression, and this in turn affects two proteins (MT1 ... Some observed effects of exposure to dioxins are altered astroglial intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+), decreased glutathione ... and reduce glutathione levels inside cells. Methylmercury, in particular, has an extremely high affinity for sulfhydryl groups ...

Murphy RC, Zarini S (2002). "Glutathione adducts of oxyeicosanoids". Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat. 68-69: 471-82. doi: ...

HxA3 was converted through a Michael addition catalyzed by glutathione transferase to its glutathione conjugate, HxA3-C, i.e., ... Glutathione conjugates of 14,15-HxA3 and 14,15-HxB3 have also been detected the human Hodgkin disease Reed-Sternberg cell line ... This formation of hepoxilin A3-C appears analogous to the formation of leukotriene C4 by the conjugation of glutathione to ... Murphy, R. C.; Zarini, S (2002). "Glutathione adducts of oxyeicosanoids". Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators. 68-69: 471-82 ...

The glutathione synthesis pathway is catalyzed by glutamate-cysteine ligase, which contains the catalytic GCLC and regulatory ... Lu SC (2009). "Regulation of glutathione synthesis". Molecular Aspects of Medicine. 30 (1-2): 42-59. doi:10.1016/j.mam.2008.05. ... "TCF11/Nrf1 overexpression increases the intracellular glutathione level and can transactivate the gamma-glutamylcysteine ... GCLM, and glutathione synthetase (GSS). Nfe2l1 was found to regulate Gclm and Gss expression in mouse fibroblasts. Gclm was ...

In Glutathione (pp. 288-291). Academic Press. Gerschman, R., Gilbert, D. L., & Caccamise, D. (1958). Effect of various ...

Electrophoretic polymorphism of glutathione peroxidase. Ann Hum Genet 38: 163-169, 1974 Beutler E, et al. Glutathione ... Later, he was to develop an assay for glutathione that was widely used in studies of red cell oxidative metabolism. He was ... Blood 14: 103-139, 1959 Beutler, E: The glutathione instability of drug-sensitive red cells. A new method for the in vitro ... Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. J Lab Clin Med 61: 882-890, 1963 Beutler, E. Hematology: Iron ...

Glutathione reacts with methylglyoxal to give a hemithioacetal, which converted into S-D-lactoyl-glutathione by glyoxalase I. ...

Glutathione also reacts with it. Hepatic and renal glutathione S-transferases serve as catalysts to this reaction. While ... The chemical is ingested primarily through glutathione-dependent systems. ...

It employs one cofactor, glutathione. Moore JT, Gaylor JL (1969). "Isolation and purification of an S-adenosylmethionine: delta ...

This gene encodes glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase or the class III alcohol dehydrogenase chi subunit, which is ... Yang ZN, Bosron WF, Hurley TD (1997). "Structure of human chi chi alcohol dehydrogenase: a glutathione-dependent formaldehyde ... Sanghani PC, Robinson H, Bosron WF, Hurley TD (2002). "Human glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase. Structures of ... Sanghani PC, Bosron WF, Hurley TD (2003). "Human glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase. Structural changes ...

He published his studies of an electrophoretic variant of glutathione peroxidase, as well as the inherent catalytic activity of ... Beutler, E.; Beutler, B.; Matsumoto, J. (July 15, 1975). "Glutathione peroxidase activity of inorganic selenium and seleno-DL- ... Beutler, E.; West, C.; Beutler, B. (October 1974). "Electrophoretic polymorphism of glutathione peroxidase". Annals of Human ...

Kamga CK, Zhang SX, Wang Y (August 2010). "Dicarboxylate carrier-mediated glutathione transport is essential for reactive ... Lash LH (July 2015). "Mitochondrial Glutathione in Diabetic Nephropathy". Journal of Clinical Medicine. 4 (7): 1428-47. doi: ...

Aoyama K, Watabe M, Nakaki T (November 2008). "Regulation of neuronal glutathione synthesis". J. Pharmacol. Sci. 108 (3): 227- ... so glial cells no longer have enough cystine to synthesize glutathione (GSH), an antioxidant. Lack of GSH leads to more ...

Jain A, Mårtensson J, Stole E, Auld PA, Meister A (March 1991). "Glutathione deficiency leads to mitochondrial damage in brain ... Carmeli C, Knyazeva MG, Cuénod M, Do KQ (2012). Burne T (ed.). "Glutathione precursor N-acetyl-cysteine modulates EEG ... August 2008). "Glutathione precursor, N-acetyl-cysteine, improves mismatch negativity in schizophrenia patients". ... This process includes increasing glutathione S-transferase levels which enhances mitochondrial activity over a period of 180 ...

Wu G.; Fang Y. Z.; Yang S.; Lupton J. R.; Turner N. D. (March 2004). "Glutathione metabolism and its implications for health". ... For example, the tripeptide glutathione is synthesized in two steps from free amino acids, by two enzymes: glutamate-cysteine ... Meister A. (November 1988). "Glutathione metabolism and its selective modification". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 263 ( ... ligase (forms an isopeptide bond, which is not a peptide bond) and glutathione synthetase (forms a peptide bond). A peptide ...

Estrela JM, Ortega A, Obrador E (2006-01-01). "Glutathione in cancer biology and therapy". Critical Reviews in Clinical ...

Glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx-3), also known as plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx-P) or extracellular glutathione peroxidase ... Holtzman JL (2002). "The role of low levels of the serum glutathione-dependent peroxidase and glutathione and high levels of ... Lin JC, Kuo WR, Chiang FY, Hsiao PJ, Lee KW, Wu CW, Juo SH (May 2009). "Glutathione peroxidase 3 gene polymorphisms and risk of ... "Entrez Gene: glutathione peroxidase 3 (plasma)". Takahashi K, Avissar N, Whitin J, Cohen H (August 1987). "Purification and ...

... an enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) to the sulfhydryl form glutathione (GSH), which is a ... Chronic exposure to high level of nitrogen dioxide results in the allosteric inhibition of glutathione peroxidase and ... Mannervik B (August 1987). "The enzymes of glutathione metabolism: an overview". Biochem. Soc. Trans. 15 (4): 717-8. doi: ... Meister A (November 1988). "Glutathione metabolism and its selective modification". J. Biol. Chem. 263 (33): 17205-8. doi: ...

Hence administration of acetylcysteine replenishes glutathione stores. Glutathione, along with oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and ... It is normally conjugated by glutathione, but when taken in excess, the bodys glutathione reserves are not sufficient to ... Glutathione also modulates the NMDA receptor by acting at the redox site. L-cysteine also serves as a precursor to cystine, ... In addition, glutathione has been found to bind to and activate ionotropic receptors that are different from any other ...