Metalloproteinase - Wikipedia
... glutamic acid; M, metallo; S, serine; T, threonine; and U, unknown. The serine, threonine and cysteine peptidases utilise the ... The metal ion is held in place by amino acid ligands, usually three in number. The known metal ligands are histidine, glutamate ... In the case of aspartic, glutamic and metallopeptidases, the nucleophile is an activated water molecule. In many instances, the ... amino acid as a nucleophile and form an acyl intermediate - these peptidases can also readily act as transferases. ...
Peptide synthesis - Wikipedia
Glutamic Acid (Glun); (LysGlu)n) that is incorporated at the C-terminus of the peptide to induce an alpha-helix-like structure ... The Boc group is removed with acid, such as trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). This forms a positively charged amino group in the ... and adding an excess of each amino acid (between 2- and 10-fold). The minimization of amino acid racemization during coupling ... Each amino acid to be coupled to the peptide chain N-terminus must be protected on its N-terminus and side chain using ...
5-aminovalerate transaminase - Wikipedia
delta-Aminovaleric acid-glutamic acid transaminase". J. Biochem. Tokyo. 48 (3): 412-420. Portal: Biology v t e (Articles with ...
Gelatin - Wikipedia
... aspartic acid (Asp) 6-7%; and glutamic acid (Glu) 10-12%. In 2011, the European Food Safety Authority Panel on Dietetic ... The amino acid content of hydrolyzed collagen is the same as collagen. Hydrolyzed collagen contains 19 amino acids, ... Collagen hydrolysis is performed by one of three different methods: acid-, alkali-, and enzymatic hydrolysis. Acid treatment is ... If the raw material used in the production of the gelatin is derived from bones, dilute acid solutions are used to remove ...
1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase - Wikipedia
Strecker HJ (1960). "The interconversion of glutamic acid proline. III Delta1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid dehydrogenase". J. ... pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid dehydrogenase, L-pyrroline-5-carboxylate-NAD+ oxidoreductase, and 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate:NAD+ ...
Glutamate 5-kinase - Wikipedia
A proline-inhibitable glutamic acid kinase". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 192 (3): 462-7. doi: ...
Glutamate racemase - Wikipedia
Glaser L (1960). "Glutamic acid racemase from Lactobacillus arabinosus". J. Biol. Chem. 235 (7): 2095-8. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258 ... or 4-substituted D-glutamic acid analogs bearing aryl-, heteroaryl-, cinnamyl-, or biaryl-methyl substituents that would also ... This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically those racemases and epimerases acting on amino acids and ... Nucleic Acids Res. 34 (19): 5567-76. doi:10.1093/nar/gkl704. PMC 1635304. PMID 17020913. Sengupta S, Nagaraja V (February 2008 ...
Calcium caseinate - Wikipedia
Calcium caseinate contains about 17% glutamic acid. This provides many health benefits such as treating low blood sugar, ... Calcium caseinate is semi-soluble in water, contrary to acid casein and rennet casein which are not soluble in water. Sodium ... Caseinates are produced by adding an alkali to another derivative of casein, acid casein. The type of caseinate is determined ... by the cation added alongside the acid casein. Other cations used to form caseinates besides calcium include ammonium, ...
Lactase - Wikipedia
LPH contains two catalytic glutamic acid sites. In the human enzyme, the lactase activity has been connected to Glu-1749, while ... It can be divided into five domains: (i) a 19-amino-acid cleaved signal sequence; (ii) a large prosequence domain that is not ... The removal of the D-glucose leaving group may be facilitated by Mg-dependent acid catalysis. The enzyme is liberated from the ... DSM Food Specialties (3 April 2014). "GRAS Notification for Acid Lactase from Aspergillus oryzae Expressed in Aspergillus niger ...
Satoyoshi syndrome - Wikipedia
"Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies in Satoyoshi syndrome". Ann. Neurol. 55 (3): 450-1. doi:10.1002/ana.20007. PMID 14991831 ...
Autoimmune encephalitis - Wikipedia
Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glutamic acid to the neurotransmitter GABA. ... "Cerebellar Ataxia and Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies". JAMA Neurology. 71 (8): 1009-1016. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol. ... Anti-gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor (anti-GABA-AR) encephalitis was first reported in 2014 in six patients (two male ... Similar to that seen in patients with anti-gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor (GABA-BR) and anti-AMPAR antibodies, they may ...
Acrylonitrile - Wikipedia
The glutamic acid route employs oxidative decarboxylation to 3-cyanopropanoic acid, followed by a decarbonylation-elimination ... or glutamic acid (which can itself be produced from renewable feedstocks). The lignocellulosic route involves fermentation of ... "Biobased synthesis of acrylonitrile from glutamic acid". Green Chemistry. 13 (4): 807. doi:10.1039/c0gc00805b. ISSN 1463-9262. ... Hydrolysis with sulfuric acid gives acrylamide sulfate, CH=CHC(O)NH2·H2SO4. This salt can be converted to acrylamide with ...
Leuconostoc mesenteroides - Wikipedia
Mesenteroides also require glutamic acid and valine. This strain grows best between 18 and 25°C.This strain can ferment citrate ... This is important as it has the ability to produce lactic acid which lowers the pH of the surrounding environment and, in turn ... These metabolites include diacetyl and CO₂ from citric acid. Diacetyl is important for dairy because it is the main source of ... Mesenteroides tested also differ by their need for riboflavin, pyridoxal and folic acid, these need to be tested to determine a ...
Corynebacterium - Wikipedia
One of the most studied species is C. glutamicum, whose name refers to its capacity to produce glutamic acid in aerobic ... Part 1. Production of L-glutamic acid by various microorganisms". The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology. 3 (3): 193- ... Abe, Shigeo; Takayama, KEN-Ichiro; Kinoshita, Shukuo (1967). "Taxonomical Studies on Glutamic Acid-Producing Bacteria". The ... Cooper, D. G.; Zajic, J. E.; Gracey, D. E. (1979). "Analysis of corynomycolic acids and other fatty acids produced by ...
Glutamate (neurotransmitter) - Wikipedia
Glutamic acid has been implicated in epileptic seizures. Microinjection of glutamic acid into neurons produces spontaneous ... In neuroscience, glutamate is the anion of glutamic acid in its role as a neurotransmitter (a chemical that nerve cells use to ... leading to glutamic acid release and further depolarization.[citation needed] Glutamate functions as a neurotransmitter in ... from α-ketoglutaric acid, which is produced as part of the citric acid cycle by a series of reactions whose starting point is ...
Monopotassium glutamate - Wikipedia
It is a potassium salt of glutamic acid. It has the E number E622 and is used in foods as a flavor enhancer. It is a non-sodium ...
Industrial fermentation - Wikipedia
Kinoshita S, Udaka S, Shimono M (December 2004). "Studies on the amino acid fermentation. Part 1. Production of L-glutamic acid ... Some examples of primary metabolites are ethanol, citric acid, glutamic acid, lysine, vitamins and polysaccharides. Some ... Citric acid is produced by some strains of Aspergillus niger as part of the citric acid cycle to acidify their environment and ... Commodity chemicals, such as acetic acid, citric acid, and ethanol are made by fermentation. Moreover, nearly all commercially ...
Nooglutyl - Wikipedia
Nooglutyl has some structural similarities to Picamilon (N-Nicotinoyl-GABA). Nooglutyl is N-5-HydroxyNicotinoyl-L-Glutamic acid ... Dicarboxylic acids, All stub articles, Nervous system drug stubs). ...
ICA1 - Wikipedia
"Entrez Gene: ICA1 islet cell autoantigen 1, 69kDa". Nepom GT (1996). "Glutamic acid decarboxylase and other autoantigens in ...
Wernicke encephalopathy - Wikipedia
Production of neurotransmitters including glutamic acid and GABA. Lipid metabolism, necessary for myelin production. Amino acid ... Other supplements may also be needed, including: cobalamin, ascorbic acid, folic acid, nicotinamide, zinc, phosphorus ( ... Lourenço R, Camilo ME (2002). "Taurine: a conditionally essential amino acid in humans? An overview in health and disease" (PDF ... who ingested sulfuric acid, leading to pyloric stenosis. All three had ocular motor abnormalities and he performed an autopsy ...
Food microbiology - Wikipedia
Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) produced by various strains of Bacillus has potential applications as a thickener in the food ... ISBN 978-1-904455-36-3. Shih & Wu (2009). "Biosynthesis and Application of Poly(gamma-glutamic acid)". Microbial Production of ... Acetic acid bacteria like Acetobacter aceti produce acetic acid. Bacteria such as Propionibacterium freudenreichii that produce ... Lactic acid bacteria are bacteria that use carbohydrates to produce lactic acid. The main genera are Lactococcus, Leuconostoc, ...
GAD1 - Wikipedia
The enzyme encoded is responsible for catalyzing the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from L-glutamic acid. A pathogenic ... Giorda R, Peakman M, Tan KC, Vergani D, Trucco M (1991). "Glutamic acid decarboxylase expression in islets and brain". Lancet. ... Chessler SD, Lernmark A (2000). "Alternative splicing of GAD67 results in the synthesis of a third form of glutamic-acid ... Flace P, Benagiano V, Lorusso L, Girolamo F, Rizzi A, Virgintino D, Roncali L, Ambrosi G (2004). "Glutamic acid decarboxylase ...
Promethazine - Wikipedia
... with glutamic acid as Psico-Soma, and Psicosoma; with noscapine as Tussisedal; and with chlorpromazine and phenobarbital as ...
Disodium guanylate - Wikipedia
As it is a fairly expensive additive, it is not used independently of glutamic acid; if disodium guanylate is present in a list ... Acceptable daily intake Glutamate flavoring Kikunae Ikeda Umami Ajinomoto Tien Chu Ve-Tsin Glutamic acid Disodium glutamate ... It is commonly used in conjunction with glutamic acid. ... it is likely that glutamic acid is provided as part of another ... Monopotassium glutamate Disodium inosinate Inosinic acid Guanosine monophosphate Adenosine monophosphate Hypoxanthine-guanine ...
Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+) - Wikipedia
"The crystallization and characterization of L-glutamic acid dehydrogenase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 197 (1): 67-79 ... Glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD(P)+) (EC 1.4.1.3, glutamic dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]) is an enzyme with ... Strecker HJ (September 1953). "Glutamic dehydrogenase". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 46 (1): 128-40. doi:10.1016/ ...
RERE - Wikipedia
Arginine-glutamic acid dipeptide repeats protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RERE gene. This gene encodes a ... "Entrez Gene: RERE arginine-glutamic acid dipeptide (RE) repeats". Wang L, Rajan H, Pitman JL, McKeown M, Tsai CC (Mar 2006). " ... "Protein binding of a DRPLA family through arginine-glutamic acid dipeptide repeats is enhanced by extended polyglutamine". ... member of the atrophin family of arginine-glutamic acid (RE) dipeptide repeat-containing proteins. The encoded protein co- ...
Gene therapy in Parkinson's disease - Wikipedia
Other kind of gene therapy as a symptomatic approach is the use of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) expression in the ... In this study, they used glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). They introduced genetic material in the brain related to motor ... the ectopic L-dopa conversion or the use of glutamic acid descarboxylase (GAD). Also there are disease modifying therapies like ...
Monoammonium glutamate - Wikipedia
It is an ammonium acid salt of glutamic acid. It has the E number E624 and is used as a flavor enhancer. Monopotassium ...
Calcium diglutamate - Wikipedia
It is a calcium acid salt of glutamic acid. CDG is a flavor enhancer (E number E623)-it is the calcium analog of monosodium ... As a soluble source of calcium ions, this chemical is also used as a first-aid treatment for exposure to hydrofluoric acid. ...
UDP-N-acetylmuramate-L-alanine ligase - Wikipedia
Purification and properties of D-glutamic acid-adding enzyme". J. Biol. Chem. 239: 1773-1776. PMID 14213349. van Heijenoort J ( ... This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, specifically those forming carbon-nitrogen bonds as acid-D-amino-acid ligases ( ... D-glutamic acid, and L-lysine". J. Biol. Chem. 237: 2689-2695. Nathenson SG, Strominger JL, Ito, E (1964). "Enzymatic synthesis ...