Dosage compensation in mammals: fine-tuning the expression of the X chromosome. Genes Dev. 2006;20:1848-67. ... A revision of the human XIST gene organization and structural comparison with mouse Xist. Mamm Genome. 2000;11:220-4. ...

Skovsø S, Overby P, Memar-Zadeh J et al (2022) β-cell Cre expression and reduced Ins1 gene dosage protect mice from type 1 ... and swapping the mouse Ins1 gene for the human INS gene also has a protective effect in NOD mice [57]. Given the role of ... Neiman et al [52] measured cell-free beta cell DNA (identified by its beta cell-specific methylation profile at key genes) as a ... Brissova M, Haliyur R, Saunders D et al (2018) α cell function and gene expression are compromised in type 1 diabetes. Cell Rep ...

6b). This competition may also explain phenotypes associated with changes in Prdm9 gene dosage and its partial haplo- ... Hlx1 1.2, Sycp1prom (promoter region of the Sycp1 gene), and Hlx1 sts6 were used as control loci. CBA hotspots are G17b, CW19c ... A 26-bp deletion in the Prdm9 gene was generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis to produce the Prdm9 ΔKB1 allele. Cas9 ... A 26-bp deletion of the Prdm9 gene leads to production of an N-terminal truncated PRDM9 protein. a Schematic representation of ...

The tumor suppressor gene Smad4/Dpc4 is required for gastrulation and later for anterior development of the mouse embryo. Genes ... Duarte A, Hirashima M, Benedito R, Trindade A, Diniz P, Bekman E, Costa L, Henrique D, Rossant J (2004) Dosage-sensitive ... Carver EA, Jiang R, Lan Y, Oram KF, Gridley T (2001) The mouse snail gene encodes a key regulator of the epithelial-mesenchymal ... Fischer A, Schumacher N, Maier M, Sendtner M, Gessler M (2004) The Notch target genes Hey1 and Hey2 are required for embryonic ...

NPD1 + RvD1 mediated changes in homeostatic microglia genes (Fcrls and Tmem119), M1 genes (Cd68, C3, and Msr1), and M2 gene ( ... The study to evaluate the most efficacious dosage of NPD1 and RvD1 showed improvements in neurological deficit compared to the ... Each gene symbol was mapped to its corresponding gene object in the Ingenuity Pathways Knowledge Base. Networks of these genes ... Pan-reactive astrocyte genes (Cxcl10 and Osmr), A1 neurotoxic genes (Amigo2, Ugt1a, Gpc4, H2-D1, and Iigp1), and A2 ...

Feeney and co-workers found no significant effect of the TSPO gene polymorphism on any regional VT in a study with dynamic 18F- ... Additionally, total CNI dosage (ingested dose over time) for each patient was calculated with last observations carried forward ... For TSPO polymorphism genotyping, genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood and exon 4 of TSPO gene as well as exon/intron ... An analogous analysis was performed with the total CNI dosage transformed to z-scores. ...

Dosage and treatment of TNFi therapies were at the rheumatologists discretion. At the 3-month follow-up, rheumatologists were ... An eight-gene blood expression profile predicts the response to infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS ONE. 2009;4(10):e7556. ... Gene profiling in white blood cells predicts infliximab responsiveness in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006;8(4): ... Validation of the MSRC involved analysis of gene expression data derived from blood samples of 391 patients with RA who were ...

All three resistant mutants carried mutations in their polymerase gene. In the case of influenza A and chikungunya virus, ... Furthermore, the studies differ for instance in the length of the treatment, dosage, proportions of different age groups, and ...

... modifying genes, especially of the cohesin complex (Yuan et al. 2019); (4) epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation and gene ... Gause M, Misulovin Z, Bilyeu A, Dorsett D (2010) Dosage-sensitive regulation of cohesin chromosome binding and dynamics by ... it leads to a classical CdLS phenotype without variants in additional known CdLS genes (using a targeted gene panel). Thus, it ... Several microdeletions involving RAD21 encompass genes next to RAD21 (contiguous gene syndrome), complicating attribution to ...

Several studies have observed the safety concerns regarding the dosage of vitamin D supplementation. However, oral vitamin D ... Allelic variations in individual VDR genes may determine a different response to treatment: the isoform A of VDR is associated ... have found that the A-1012G promoter polymorphism of the VDR gene is associated with psoriasis risk through a lower expression ... A-1012G promoter polymorphism of vitamin D receptor gene is associated with psoriasis risk and lower allele-specific expression ...

For this purpose, the non-pathogenic production host P. putida KT2440 containing the rhlAB genes with the native P. aeruginosa ... UTR of the rhamnosyltransferase genes rhlAB has been reported in wild type P. aeruginosa. In this study, the temperature- ... For sample application the filling speed of the syringe was adjusted to 15 µL/s and dosage speed to 150 nL/s. In between sample ... While the expression of virulence associated genes as well as genes involved in rhamnolipid biosynthesis is under control of a ...

Dosage-dependent performance. The optimal dosage of PBB5 to allow clear signal detection in the vMSOT images was established by ... Humanization of the entire murine Mapt gene provides a murine model of pathological human tau propagation. J Biol Chem. 2019; ... To establish the optimal dosage, four P301L and four wild-type mice were used for the dose response experiment (5, 25, 50 mg/kg ... Transgenic mouse models (mutations in the MAPT gene) recapitulate pathological features of tauopathy and have greatly advanced ...

A particular challenge is to understand the factors that affect gene expression (including drugs) before genomic data are of ... which might include the dose or dosage frequency, as well as which drug is chosen). ...

Ohashi, K., Natori, S., Kubo, T. (1997) Change in the mode of gene expression of the hypopharingeal gland cells with an age- ... Yang, E.C., Chuang, Y.C., Chen, Y.L., Chang, L.H. (2008) Abnormal foraging behavior induced by sublethal dosage of imidacloprid ...

Patients were randomly allocated either to placebo or to verum (Cu orotate). The oral dosage of Cu-(II)-orotate-dihydrate was ... Remarkably, the TxJ mutation of the toxic milk mouse (mutation in the Wilsons disease gene) with a genetically 1.5-fold ...

The sex-chromosome hypothesis states that in species with dosage compensation, the heterogametic sex should show a larger trait ... James JW (1973) Covariances between relatives due to sex-linked genes. Biometrics 29:584-588 ...

More accuracy in dosage and better adherence to guidelines were obtained in these studies worldwide, together with an overall ... Although antimicrobial resistance occurs naturally and can be acquired through gene transfer, antimicrobial misuse promotes the ...

Vitamin D (via the actions of vitamin D active metabolites) regulate over two hundred genes in the body, and this includes ... Bernasconi AA, Wiest MM, Lavie CJ, Milani RV, Laukkanen JA (2021) Effect of omega-3 dosage on cardiovascular outcomes: an ... omega-3 PUFAs affect inflammation and inflammatory processes via non-eicosanoid-mediated actions on cell signaling and gene ... those genes which are specifically responsible for cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis [53] What has been ...