Efficiency of energy capture by open PSII centres. Fo′:. Minimum fluorescence yield in light-adapted state ... C4 metabolism was identified by assessing the sensitivity of photosynthetic rate and electron transport to oxygen. The presence ... Bort J, Brown HR, Araus JL (1995) Lack of C4 photosynthetic metabolism in ears of C3 cereals. Plant Cell Environ 18:897-702 ... Tambussi, E.A., Nogués, S. & Araus, J.L. Ear of durum wheat under water stress: water relations and photosynthetic metabolism. ...

2009). AMPK regulates energy expenditure by modulating NAD+ metabolism and SIRT1 activity. Nature, 458, 1056-1060. ... Seyfried, T. N., Kiebish, M., Mukherjee, P., & Marsh, J. (2008). Targeting energy metabolism in brain cancer with calorically ... Such benefits range from the cellular level to global metabolism, and underline the link between tumor cell metabolism and that ... there has been recent enthusiasm towards metabolism-based therapies targeting whole-body metabolism, cellular kinases and ...

Bódis, K., & Roden, M. (2018). Energy metabolism of white adipose tissue and insulin resistance in humans. European Journal of ... The intakes of energy and macronutrients were calculated from 3-day food diaries filled in near to the study visits using ... Maternal metabolism changes during pregnancy to meet the demands of the mother and the feto-placental unit (Lain & Catalano, ... A dietary intervention would represent a feasible approach to exert an impact on metabolism. Indeed, in the same cohort as ...

Blaxter K (1989) Energy metabolism in animals and man. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge ... Salzman TC, McLaughlin AL, Westneat DF, Crowley PH (2018) Energetic trade-offs and feedbacks between behavior and metabolism ... metabolism (Nagy 1987; Blaxter 1989; Rønning et al. 2016), hormone profiles (Nelson 2011), and behavior (Smith and Blumstein ... particularly in traits related to metabolism (Gemmell et al. 2004; Innocenti et al. 2011). Lastly, stressful environments have ...

Arrese EL, Soulages JL (2010) Insect fat body: energy, metabolism, and regulation. Annu Rev Entomol 55:207-225. https://doi.org ... Most of the insects intermediary metabolism takes place in this organ, including lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, protein ... workers is manifested by slow movements and a significant decrease in aggressiveness due to the energy reduction of their ... synthesis and amino acid and nitrogen metabolism (Arrese and Soulages 2010). In addition to its role related to storage and ...

... so as to control energy consumption and substrate utilization of whole body and maintain the balance of energy metabolism [32, ... Akt pathways have effects on apoptosis, protein synthesis, metabolism and cell cycle. AMPK pathways are energy regulation ... AMPK: a nutrient and energy sensor that maintains energy homeostasis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2012;13(4):251-62. ... Akt is an important kinase that mediates glucose metabolism stimulated by insulin, and the deficiency of Akt can lead to ...

Roberts SB, Rosenberg I (2006) Nutrition and aging: changes in the regulation of energy metabolism with aging. Physiol Rev 86(2 ... Deschner T, Fuller BT, Oelze VM, Boesch C, Hublin J, Mundry R, Hohmann G (2012) Identification of energy consumption and ... in an attempt to estimate the diet of the general population and avoid isotopic data that may represent differing metabolism ... individuals who therefore may have had increased difficulty ingesting some foods along with changes associated with metabolism ...

Alterations in energy metabolism are found in a large number of rare and common human diseases of genetic or environmental ... Rossignol R (2015) Energy metabolism disorders in rare and common diseases: toward bioenergetic modulation therapy and the ... Lopaschuk GD, Karwi QG, Tian R, Wende AR, Abel ED (2021) Cardiac energy metabolism in heart failure. Circ Res 128:1487-1513 ... This heart failure is caused by abnormalities in metabolic pathways that lead to reduced energy production, energy transfer and ...

Fisher SG, Likens GE (1973) Energy flow in Bear Brook, New Hampshire-integrative approach to stream ecosystem metabolism. Ecol ...

DCF metabolites tend to cleave off parts of the molecule which were attached during metabolism even at low collision energies. ... MS/MS spectrum of DCF-Lac-OH-Glc-GlcA (m/z 632.09) in a maize sample fragmented with a collision energy of 10 V ... For small DCF conjugates on the other hand (e.g., DCF-Glc-Mal), the collision energy setting of 5 V also produces the ... In our workflow it is very important, that the ion is fragmented with enough energy to yield the characteristic fragment, while ...

... metabolism and low grade inflammation. 47 eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 23 weeks to ... Energy Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, MA ... Recent studies show that caloric restriction (CR) modulates energy expenditure and body fat metabolism, it also regulates ... CR, known to modulate energy balance, is an effective way to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome and obesity in humans [1, 2 ...

Tolman CJ, Kanodia S, Roberts MF (1987) 31P and 13C NMR analyses of the energy metabolism of the thermophilic anaerobe ...

... of potential mitochondrial CLPXP protease interactors and substrates suggests its central role in energy metabolism. Sci Rep 5: ... and metabolism [30, 67]. Two mitochondrial proteases that regulate proteostasis in the matrix are the ATP-dependent Clp ... fluorescence resonance energy transfer) imaging analysis further demonstrates that αSyn preferentially binds to mitochondria ... subunits of the mitochondrial ribosome active in translation or enzymes involved in mitochondrial metabolism [26, 83]. Worms ...

... metabolism in mitochondria and its regulatory role in energy production. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109(8):2943-2948. doi:10.1073 ...

... and also reduce its demand via regulation of energy metabolism by reducing oxidative phosphorylation and inducing non-oxygen- ... This likely explains the lower degree of downregulation of hepatic lipid metabolism genes in the Hif-p4h-2gt/gt mice on the HF- ... 2h). In agreement, many hepatic lipid metabolism mRNAs were downregulated in the Hif-p4h-2gt/gt livers compared with those in ... 3d). Altogether, these data suggest enhanced fructose metabolism in the Hif-p4h-2gt/gt intestine, which would result in less ...

Endocrine regulation of energy metabolism by the skeleton. Cell 130:456-469 ... 1,662 men without diseases or medications known to affect bone metabolism were examined for associations between self-reported ...

CNI-induced mitochondrial dysfunction causing alterations of brain energy metabolism, and alterations of the cerebral immune ... Long-term evaluation of cognitive function and cerebral metabolism in liver transplanted patients. Transplant Proc. 2009;41: ...

Table 4.1 Energy consumption for various activities as measured by basal metabolic rate [20]. Full size table. ... In addition, vitamins contribute significantly to the regulation of metabolism and can also be part of enzymes. Unlike fats, ... In order to know how much energy is needed in older adults, knowledge about the calculation of energy intake can be helpful. ... However, the daily energy expenditure depends highly on the level of physical activity (PAL), but also on age and weight of the ...

The role of short-chain fatty acids in the interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and host energy metabolism. J Lipid Res. ... Intermittent fasting induces weight loss, but the effects on cardiometabolic health are modulated by energy balance. Obesity ( ... An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature. 2006;444(7122):1027-31. ... metabolism, and immune defense/tolerance [5, 6]. The massive complexity of this system is necessary to properly maintain the ...

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 2004, 14: 586-93. ... hot red pepper on energy substrate use in male runners during rest and exercise (cycling at about 60 percent VO2max). For the ... International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 2005, 15: 75-83. ... International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. 2000, 10: 208-215. ...

Because lactate, the product of glycogenolysis and glycolysis, is disposed of by oxidative metabolism, lactate shuttling unites ... the two major processes of cellular energy transduction. Lactate disposal is mainly through oxidation, especially during ... Circulation, respiration, and metabolism: current comparative approaches. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1985: 208-18 ...

When the energy contribution of protein increased by 5%, TWI increased by 210 mL. The each 100 mg increase in daily sodium ... For breastfeeding women, with each 100 kcal/day increase in energy intake, the TWI increased by 54 mL. With each 5 g increase ... with each 100 kcal/day increase in energy intake, the TWI increased by 67 mL. With each 5 g increase in daily intake of dietary ... Urea is the terminal products of protein metabolism, and 40~60 mL water needed for 2.2 g urea. In addition, high protein intake ...

Hery M, Faudon M, Dusticier G, Hery F. Daily variations in serotonin metabolism in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rat: ... Specifically, the paraventricular and ventromedial nuclei are known to be involved in controlling energy balance, while the ... Kaye WH, Ebert MH, Raleigh M, Lake R. Abnormalities in CNS monoamine metabolism in anorexia nervosa. Archives of General ... Huupponen R, Koulu M, Hänninen H, Pesonen U. Altered serotonin metabolism in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of obese ...

The inability to detect any change in the plasma pyruvate concentration is attributed to the rapid clearance and metabolism of ... Harris RC, Hultman E, Nordesjö LO: Glycogen, glycolytic intermediates and high energy phosphates in biopsy samples of musculus ... Fitch CD, Sinton DW: A Study of Creatine Metabolism in Diseases Causing Muscle Wasting. J Clin Invest. 1964, 43: 444-452. ... possibly through the lowering of insulin in the circulation or due to changes in plasma pH as a result of the metabolism of ...

Main mechanisms of action of short-chain fatty acids on glucose metabolism. GLP-1 Glucagon-like peptide‑1, GLUT-4 Activated ... Gao Z, Yin J, Zhang J et al (2009) Butyrate improves insulin sensitivity and increases energy expenditure in mice. Diabetes 58: ... Yamashita H, Maruta H, Jozuka M et al (2009) Effects of acetate on lipid metabolism in muscles and adipose tissues of type 2 ... Vitale M, Giacco R, Laiola M et al (2020) Acute and chronic improvement in postprandial glucose metabolism by a diet resembling ...

Improvements in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity with a low-carbohydrate diet in obese patients with type 2 diabetes ... At 1-year follow-up, they derived a higher proportion of energy from carbohydrate (ILE 50.8% vs. DES 42.5%) and a lower ... There is no "ideal" eating pattern that will benefit all people with diabetes, although total energy intake is an important ... Concern has been expressed about the long-term health effects of low carbohydrate diets on renal function, calcium metabolism, ...

As temperature has a broad effect on bacterial metabolism and regulation, different hypothesis may provide an explanation for ... design of the RNAT toolbox for various temperature responses was based on thermodynamic calculations like minimum free energy ... which are due to altered bacterial metabolism resulting in a decreased precursor concentration causing a bottleneck for ... different systems to sense changes in environmental conditions such as temperature and induce an adaptation of metabolism and ...

The functioning of a system (e.g., productivity, rate of the energy flow through trophic levels) may be reflected in the size ... water stratification or metabolism rate) and light-dependent processes (Berge et al. 2015b). Seasonality in physical settings ... The NBSS slope is regarded as an indicator of energy utilization within community as it tends do decrease with growing trophy ... or advected energy sources (organic carbon). It was also shown that benthic fauna from Kongsfjorden (Spitsbergen) can be very ...

The effects of two Lactobacillus plantarum strains on rat lipid metabolism receiving a high fat diet. Sci. World J. 2013, ... An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature 444, 1027-1031. ... Gut-brain axis i 2016: Brain-gutmicrobiota axis - mood, metabolism and behaviour. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 14, 69-70. ... Lactobacillus plantarum OLL2712 regulates glucose metabolism in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. ( ...

Olsen JV, Macek B, Lange O, Makarov A, Horning S, Mann M. Higher-energy C-trap dissociation for peptide modification analysis. ... Daneault A, Prawitt J, Fabien Soulé V, Coxam V, Wittrant Y. Biological effect of hydrolyzed collagen on bone metabolism. Crit ... is less straightforward than the analysis of longer peptides as the often singly charged short peptides require more energy to ...