The roles of RNA in DNA double-strand break repair *Aldo S. Bader ... A wake-up call for cancer DNA damage: the role of Schlafen 11 ( ...

... without requiring double-strand breaks or donor DNA templates. We used prime editing in human cells to correct, efficiently and ... A new DNA-editing technique called prime editing offers improved versatility and efficiency with reduced byproducts ... a versatile and precise genome editing method that directly writes new genetic information into a specified DNA site using a ... Anzalone, A.V., Randolph, P.B., Davis, J.R. et al. Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA ...

Ionizing radiation induces DNA double-strand breaks in bystander primary human fibroblasts *Mykyta V Sokolov ... Disruption of B-myb in DT40 cells reveals novel function for B-Myb in the response to DNA-damage *Dörthe Ahlbory ... Regulation of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage and c-Myc function by peroxiredoxin 1 *Rachel A Egler ...

Here, we report positional cloning of Pairing homoeologous 2 (Ph2) and functional validation of the wheat DNA mismatch repair ... Repair of DNA double-strand breaks in plant meiosis: role of eukaryotic RecA recombinases and their modulators *Côme Emmenecker ... following DNA-strand exchange) and promoting dissociation of invading strand DNA - a process known as heteroduplex rejection - ... DNA was precipitated by the addition of 0.1 vol of 3 M sodium acetate (pH 4.8) and 1 vol of propan-2-ol. The DNA pellet was ...

These effects resulted in significant accumulation of unreplicated single-stranded DNA and increased cell death, indicative of ... slows DNA replication and induces replication stress by downregulating the regulatory subunit RRM2 of ribonucleotide reductase ... DNA double-stranded breaks induce histone H2AX phosphorylation on serine 139. J Biol Chem. 1998;273:5858-68. ... Depletion of the type 1 IGF receptor delays repair of radiation-induced DNA double strand breaks. Radiother Oncol. 2012;103:402 ...

... in which this enzyme is involved-nonhomologous end-joining-which allows this mechanism to handle diverse types of broken DNA ... This fits with the generally adaptable nature of the DNA-repair process ... New work on DNA polymerase λ highlights its remarkable flexibility. ... Analysis of diverse double-strand break synapsis with Polλ reveals basis for unique substrate specificity in nonhomologous end- ...

... prime editing guide RNA stability and modulation of DNA repair. The resulting dual-AAV systems, v1em and v3em PE-AAV, enable ... Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA. Nature 576, 149-157 (2019). ... small deletion and small insertion at target DNA sites in living cells2. PEs do not rely on double-strand breaks, minimizing ... Highly efficient multiplex human T cell engineering without double-strand breaks using Cas9 base editors. Nat Commun 10, 5222 ( ...

While efforts have been made to improve targeting efficiency and precision, all BEs so far use a constitutively active DNA ... In base editors (BEs), the combination of DNA deaminase mutator activity with CRISPR-Cas localization confers the powerful ... Here, we reveal sites that permit splitting of DNA cytosine deaminases into two inactive fragments, whose reapproximation ... The development of split-engineered base editors (seBEs) enables small-molecule control over DNA deaminase activity, decreasing ...

Dahal S, Dubey S, Raghavan SC (2018) Homologous recombination-mediated repair of DNA double-strand breaks operates in mammalian ... 2011) Double-strand break repair processes drive evolution of the mitochondrial genome in Arabidopsis. BMC Biol 9:64 ... Replication of mitochondrial DNA occurs by strand displacement with alternative light-strand origins, not via a strand-coupled ... 1). For this, we focus on the three main groups of CIEs: mitochondrial DNA, chloroplast DNA, and symbiont genomes. We begin by ...

... which plays pivotal roles in both transcription and DNA-damage repair. NuA4 has the unique capacity to acetylate histone ... Histone acetylation regulates most DNA transactions and is dynamically controlled by highly conserved enzymes. The only ... Acetylation of histone H4 by Esa1 is required for DNA double-strand break repair. Nature 419, 411-415 (2002). ... b, S. cerevisiae EPL1+/epl1-SL1 SDS3+/sds3Δ and EPL1+/epl1-SL5 SDS3+/sds3Δ double heterozygous diploids were sporulated, ...

We also found that DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) induce the approach of the homologous loci with γ-irradiation. Furthermore, ... In this study, we investigated the chromatin dynamics and arrangement with DNA damage in Arabidopsis thaliana by live-cell ... Kinetic analysis of DNA double-strand break repair pathways in Arabidopsis. DNA Repair(Amst) 10, 611-619, doi:10.1016/j.dnarep. ... How to cite this article: Hirakawa, T. et al. DNA double-strand breaks alter the spatial arrangement of homologous loci in ...

DNA damage repair-related signal pathways. DNA damage caused by RT includes single-strand breaks (SSBs) and double-strand ... RT results in single-strand breaks (SSBs) and double-strand breaks (DSBs) related to dose as well as linear energy transfer ( ... Inhibition of DNA double-strand break repair by the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 as a strategy for radiosensitization of ... SSBs are mainly repaired by BER, while DSBs are mainly repaired by NHEJ and HRR related to DNA-PK. The cytosolic DNA and RNA ...

Search-and-replace genome editing without double-strand breaks or donor DNA. Nature 576, 149-157 (2019). ... Programmable editing of a target base in genomic DNA without double-stranded DNA cleavage. Nature 533, 420-424 (2016). ... 132775). For the cloning of pegRNAs (Supplementary Data 2), double-stranded DNA fragments for the pegRNA scaffold, spacer, and ... but also hybridizes to the nicked single-stranded DNA non-target strand (NTS) within the Cas9-induced R-loop, and serves as a ...

... facilitates local chromatin relaxation and the recruitment of DNA repair factors at double strand breaks site (DSBs). Here the ... Here, we identify a function for PARP-1 in DNA DSB resection. Remarkably, inhibition of PARP-1 leads to hyperresected DNA DSBs ... 53BP1 and RIF1 resection inhibitors from the break site. DNA curtains analysis show that EXO1-mediated resection is blocked by ... Our results, therefore, place PARP-1 activation as a critical early event for DNA DSB repair activation and regulation of ...

... by recruiting DNA-PKcs to sites of damage. ... The long non-coding RNA LINP1 facilitates double-strand break ... Long noncoding RNA LINP1 regulates repair of DNA double-strand breaks in triple-negative breast cancer. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. ... the authors performed an RNA interference screen for lncRNAs that protect TNBC cells from DNA double-strand break (DSB)-induced ...

... heterodimer that binds the ends of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). By recruiting the catalytic subunit of DNA-protein kinase ( ... Bcl2 negatively regulates DNA double strand break repair through non-homologous end-joining pathway. Mol. Cell 29, 488-498 ( ... Moreover, it seems that binding of BCL2 to Ku prevents the interaction of Ku with DNA ends and with DNA-PKcs, and so decreases ... DNA-PKcs, also known as PRKDC) and other proteins, Ku enables the repair of DNA DSBs through the non-homologous end joining ...

SETD2 loss synergizes with pharmacologic inhibition of the H3K79 methyltransferase DOT1L to induce DNA damage, growth arrest, ... SETD2 loss causes growth arrest and differentiation of AML cells, and leads to increased DNA damage. In addition to its role in ... Methylated lysine 79 of histone H3 targets 53BP1 to DNA double-strand breaks. Nature 432, 406-411 (2004). ... Comet tail moments, defined as the average distance migrated by the DNA multiplied by the fraction of DNA in the comet tail, ...

Pietruska JR, Kane AB . (2007). SV40 oncoproteins enhance asbestos-induced DNA double-strand breaks and abrogate senescence in ... 2005). Bid mediates apoptotic synergy between tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and DNA damage. J ...

In mitosis, genome integrity is maintained by DNA polymerase theta-dependent repair of DNA double-strand breaks, which is ... Polθ is phosphorylated by PLK1 to repair double-strand breaks in mitosis ... Long-molecule scars of backup DNA repair in BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient cancers Linked-read whole-genome sequencing reveals ... A machine-learning method to assess DNA can accurately classify brain tumours in real time. This rapid analysis might help ...

For instance, mtDNA and bacterial DNA are highly similar thereby activating similar cell autonomous immune signalling pathways ... a type I interferon response was also observed upon generation of double strand breaks in mtDNA causing BAX/BAK-mediated inner ... Tigano M, Vargas DC, Tremblay-Belzile S, Fu Y, Sfeir A. Nuclear sensing of breaks in mitochondrial DNA enhances immune ... induction of type I interferons was observed upon minority MOMP caused by the formation of mtDNA double strand breaks. In this ...

Here, based on a family pedigree with 26 members, including nine patients with HGF, we identified double heterozygous ... whereas the double mutations led to gingival hyperplasia phenotypes. In addition, we found that ZNF513 binds to the SOS1 ... The Cas9 protein cleaves the sequence under the guidance of the sgRNA, resulting in a double-strand break, resulting in gene ... and recovery of the DNA samples. The parameters for ultrasonic breaking of DNA by the ultrasonic processor M220 (Covaris) were ...

... with elevated DNA oxidation and fragmentation across all exposure periods. Notwithstanding these lesions, RF-EME exposure did ... a marker of DNA double strand breaks (Fig. 3). This revealed modest levels of DNA damage, which was largely restricted to ... to detect DNA double strand breaks. (a) Representative images are depicted, with scale bar equating to 400 µm. A secondary ... For γH2AX, meiotic germ cells were excluded from the analysis due naturally occurring high levels of double strand breaks in ...

... without double strand breaks or donor DNA. After first identifying the optimal prime-editing guide RNAs and the most efficient ...

Mitotic clustering facilitates the reassembly of acentric fragments into rearranged chromosomes lacking the extensive DNA copy- ... Comprehensive analysis of pan-cancer genomes revealed clusters of DNA copy-number-neutral rearrangements-termed balanced ... stochastically partition into the nucleus of both daughter cells and aberrantly misaccumulate as cytoplasmic DNA. ... Mechanistically, the CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex prematurely associates with DNA lesions within ruptured micronuclei during interphase ...

Here we show that cell cycle progression through mitosis following double-stranded DNA breaks leads to the formation of ... A poorly understood feature of these responses is the delayed onset (days), in contrast to the acute DNA-damage responses that ... Roger Greenberg and colleagues report a link between mitosis, the formation of micronuclei and DNA-damage-induced inflammatory ... Such dichotomous kinetics implicate additional rate-limiting steps that are essential for DNA-damage-induced inflammation. ...

Here, the authors show that PDHE1α accumulates at DNA double-strand breaks, in a PARylation-dependent manner, where it locally ... Here, the authors show that DYNLL1 accumulates at DNA double-strand breaks via 53BP1, where it inhibits MRE11-dependent end ... The pausing effect is asymmetric, only being induced when dCas9-bound guide RNA anneals to the non-template DNA strand. ... Structure reveals why genome folding is necessary for site-specific integration of foreign DNA into CRISPR arrays Here, using ...

DNA-PKcs structure suggests an allosteric mechanism modulating DNA double-strand break repair. Science 355, 520-524 (2017). ... 30 DNA-PKcs in DNA-PK holoenzyme (PDB ID: 5Y3R),32 and ATR in ATR-ATRIP complex (PDB ID: 5YZ0).31 The structures are shown in ... b-e The structures of SMG1 (b), mTOR (c), ATR (d) and DNA-PKcs (e) are shown as in a. f Close-up view of the superimposed KDs ... g-j Close-up views of the four-way junction of SMG1 (g), and equivalent regions in mTOR (h), ATR (i) and DNA-PKcs (j). SMG1 and ...

Evidence for double-strand break mediated mitochondrial DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Nucleic Acids Res. 45, ... Ribosomal protein S1 unwinds double-stranded RNA in multiple steps. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 109, 14458-14463 (2012). ... The secondary structure diagram for H24 and H50 regions features their deletion from the sequence of the mitochondrial DNA in S ... The path toward the exit appears to bifurcate into two subways, and each could in principle accommodate a single-stranded mRNA ...

Rad51bc.92delT/c.92delT mice exhibited meiotic DNA repair defects due to RAD51 and HSF2BP/BMRE1 accumulation in the chromosome ... In mammals, this process relies on the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by homologous recombination (HR) that ... A meiosis-specific BRCA2 binding protein recruits recombinases to DNA double-strand breaks to ensure homologous recombination. ... ovarian insufficiency abolishes its interaction with its partner SPATA22 and their recruitment to DNA double-strand breaks. ...