De Raadt P., Immunity and antigenic variation: clinical observations suggestive of immune phenomena in trypanosomiasis, in: ...

So the sobering news is that we are dealing with variants, antigenic variation, which does have clinical consequences as I ... However, we also may see variation in the daily numbers for different reasons, including reporting delays. As such, we will ...

Luoh S. M., McGregor M. W., Hinshaw V. S. 1992; Hemagglutinin mutations related to antigenic variation in HI swine influenza ... Castrucci M. R., Campitelli L., Ruggieri A., Barigazzi G., Sidoli L., Daniels R., Oxford J. S., Donatelli I. 1994; Antigenic ... Olsen C. W., McGregor M. W., Cooley A. J., Schantz B., Hotze B., Hinshaw V. S. 1993; Antigenic and genetic analysis of a ... Hinshaw V. S., Bean W. J., Webster R. G., Easterday B. C. 1978; The prevalence of influenza viruses in swine and the antigenic ...

... each of which shows considerable intratypic variation. This antigenic variation leads to continuing difficulties in controlling ... Antigenic sites have been identified by genetic and peptide mapping methods, and located on the capsid. The data reveal a major ... This first comparison of two FMDV serotypes shows how subtle changes at antigenic sites are sufficient to cause large changes ... There are significant changes in the structure of other antigenic loops and in some internal regions involved in protomer- ...

... receptor conservation in the face of antigenic variation ...

Antigenic Variation. *Antigens, Bacterial. *Bacterial Adhesion. *Bacterial Infections. *Bacterial Load. *Bacterial Proteins ...

Antigenic Variation. *Antigens. *Autoimmune Diseases. *Hematologic Diseases. *Immune System Diseases. *Immunologic Memory ...

Capsules can exhibit significant antigenic variation, with different strains or species of bacteria having various types of ... Of the following bacterial components, which one exhibits the most antigenic variation?*Peptidoglycan ... do not typically exhibit as much antigenic variation as bacterial capsules. ... This variation in capsule composition is an adaptation that allows bacteria to escape detection by the hosts immune system and ...

van der Woude MW, Bäumler AJ: Phase and antigenic variation in bacteria. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004, 17: 581-611. 10.1128/CMR. ... Additionally, surface associated proteins have been shown to undergo phase and antigenic variation in some bacterial pathogens ... Variation of the core exoproteome: differential expression analysis of the common proteins by LC-MSE. In addition to ... Among the group of proteins not presenting considerable variations in expression between the two C. pseudotuberculosis strains ...

variation that has evolved in response to the challenge imposed by host antibodies. This is the first description of antigenic ... We have demonstrated that MAX is hypervariable in natural fly populations and that this variation represents antigenic ...

Antigenic variation is less extensive than in type A viruses (INFLUENZA A VIRUS) and consequently there is no basis for ... Antigenic variation occurs frequently between strains, allowing classification into subtypes and variants. Transmission is ... The composition of the vaccines is changed each year in response to antigenic shifts and changes in prevalence of influenza ...

The malaria parasites intracellular life-cycle inside red blood cells (RBC) and its ability for antigenic variation have ...

Virus neutralization assays were used to evaluate potential antigenic differences between this strain and a vaccine strain and ... Additionally, we sequenced complete viral genomes to characterize the strain and determine if variation is confined to known ... The extent to which antigenic variation is leading to vaccine failure is unknown. This new strain has been associated with ... We also performed initial serologic testing to evaluate presence of antigenic variation compared to a commonly used vaccine ...

Kirkman, Laura A; Deitsch, Kirk W (2012) Antigenic variation and the generation of diversity in malaria parasites. Curr Opin ... Research will focus on the var genes that encode PfEMP1, the primary surface protein implicated in antigenic variation of P. ... This proposal will further the understanding of antigenic variation in malaria by integrating the study of the parasite ... 2013) Direct evidence for the adaptive role of copy number variation on antifolate susceptibility in Plasmodium falciparum. Mol ...

During antigenic variation, many amino acid sequence changes occur near the receptor-binding site. The crew force shoppers to ...

In some instances, viruses can bypass this defense mechanism by means of antigenic variation. Antigenic variation allows the ...

In: Pathogen-Host Interactions: Antigenic Variation v. Somat-ic Adaptations 2015 (pp. 111-129). Spring-er International ...

... in relation to antigenic properties and compared these with similar analyses of variation in influenza A antigens [3]. ...

Hartley CL, McCulloch R: Trypanosoma brucei BRCA2 acts in antigenic variation and has undergone a recent expansion in BRC ...

The last observation suggests that antigenic variation may target T-cell responses, not antibody responses. Critical Swim Speed ...

Complementation of the M S l l recD mutant with a wild-type recD gene copy restored the frequency of pilin phenotypic variation ... was characterized and its role in pilin variation assessed. The complete recD gene of N. gonorrhoeae M S l l was cloned and its ... Pilin antigenic variation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae may result following intrachromosomal recombination between homologous pi/ ... Pilin antigenic variation in Neisseria gonorrhoeae may result following intrachromosomal recombination between homologous pi/ ...

HA gene amino acid mutations contribute to antigenic variation and immune escape of H9N2 influenza virus.. Zhu R, Xu S, Sun W, ...

Kyes S, Horrocks P, Newbold C. Antigenic variation at the infected red cell surface in malaria. Annu Rev Microbiol. 2001;55:673 ... Beeson JG, GV B. Pathogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria: the roles of parasite adhesion and antigenic variation. Cell ... The large diverse gene family var encodes proteins involved in cytoadherence and antigenic variation of Plasmodium falciparum- ... The human genetic variations/phenotypes associated with malaria infection are mainly demonstrated in the host red blood cells, ...

Emergence of genotype C1 Enterovirus A71 and its link with antigenic variation of virus in Taiwan. PLoS Pathog. 16(9):e1008857 ... Genetic variations on 31 and 450 residues of influenza A nucleoprotein affect viral replication and translation. J Biomed Sci. ... Sequence variations of influenza A viruses. First Taiwan-Netherlands Workshop on Pathogenomics. Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2006. ... Caspase-1 deficient mice is more susceptible to influenza A virus infection with PA variation. Journal of Infectious Diseases. ...

Fine antigenic variation within H5N1 influenza virus hemagglutinins antigenic sites defined by yeast cell surface display. ... The aims of this study are to examine and compare the variation in the phytochemical constituent as well as the antimicrobial ... Yeast surface display of a noncovalent MHC class II heterodimer complexed with antigenic peptide. Biotechnology and ... Syaufina, L., Nuruddin, A. A., Basharuddin, J., See, L. F., & Yusof, M. R. M. (2004). The effects of climatic variations on ...

New observations on antigenic diversification of RNA viruses: Antigenic variation is not dependent on immune selection. J Gen ... The high rate of nucleotide substitutions in the single-stranded RNA viruses accounts for their wide variation (Domingo et al. ... Rapid selection of genetic and antigenic variants of foot-and-mouth disease virus during persistence in cattle. J Virol 62:2041 ... Antigenic relationship among rhabdoviruses infecting terrestrial vertebrates. J Gen Virol 64:169-176.. ...

Human monoclonal antibodies may be a useful adjunct to ferret antisera for detecting antigenic drift in influenza viruses. ... with representative monoclonal antibodies revealed that a single amino acid replacement at residue K163 in the Sa antigenic ... induced an antibody response tightly focused on this common surface that is capable of selecting current antigenic drift ... The selective pressure that drives antigenic changes in influenza viruses is thought to originate from the human immune ...

This is caused by antigenic variation in protective antigens and ineffective immunity induced with current vaccination regimes ...

One such mechanism is antigenic variation, in which the antigens of B. burgdorferi exposed to the immune system can change over ... Common strategies for antigenic variation by bacterial, fungal, and protozoan pathogens. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2009;7(7):493-503. ...

1. Structural, glycosylation and antigenic variation between 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) ...