... afferent visual pathway symptoms) and/or how their eyes move together (efferent visual pathway disorders). ... regions of the afferent visual pathway. Efferent visual pathway lesions can create a perception of oscillopsia, a visual ... afferent visual pathway symptoms) and/or how smoothly and synchronously their eyes move together (efferent visual pathway ... Afferent Visual Pathway Manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. Optic neuritis is an inflammatory injury of ...

... afferent visual pathway symptoms) and/or how their eyes move together (efferent visual pathway disorders). ... afferent visual pathway symptoms) and/or how their eyes move together (efferent visual pathway disorders). ... Afferent Visual Pathway Manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis. Optic neuritis. Optic neuritis is an inflammatory injury of the ... Costello F. The afferent visual pathway: designing a structural-functional paradigm of multiple sclerosis. ISRN Neurol. 2013. ...

... show that this CPG structure can be integrated with reflex circuits to reproduce the reorganization of group I reflex pathways ... Sensory afferents have been incorporated in the model to study the effects of afferent stimulation on locomotor phase switching ... Modelling spinal circuitry involved in locomotor pattern generation: insights from the effects of afferent stimulation J ... The model also suggests that the different effects of flexor muscle nerve afferent stimulation observed experimentally (phase ...

Afferent Pathways / physiology * Animals * Attention * Humans * Models, Neurological* * Neurons / physiology* * Photic ...

A neuroanatomical review of the pain pathway, "Afferent pain pathways" by Almeida, describes various specific nociceptive ... "Afferent pain pathways: a neuroanatomical review". Brain Res. 1000 (1-2): 40-56. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2003.10.073. PMID ... According to Norman Doidge, the brain is limited in the sense that it tends to focus on the most used pathways. Therefore, ... Then, there are also the descending pathways for the modulation of pain sensation. One of the brainstem regions responsible for ...

Responses and afferent pathways of C1-C2 spinal neurons to gastric distension in rats. In: Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and ... Responses and afferent pathways of C1-C2 spinal neurons to gastric distension in rats. / Qin, Chao; Chandler, Margaret J.; ... Responses and afferent pathways of C1-C2 spinal neurons to gastric distension in rats. Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and ... Qin, C., Chandler, M. J., Miller, K. E., & Foreman, R. D. (2003). Responses and afferent pathways of C1-C2 spinal neurons to ...

Braz JM, Nassar MA, Wood JN, Basbaum AI (2005). Parallel pain pathways arise from subpopulations of primary afferent ... CeA projections to periacqueductal gray (PAG) gate descending pathways that modulate nociceptive afferent activity in the ... Neugebauer V, Li W (2003). Differential sensitization of amygdala neurons to afferent inputs in a model of arthritic pain. J ... Interestingly, the CeA receives CRF afferents from various brain regions (Uryu et al, 1992; Swanson et al, 1983) that modulate ...

This review will discuss the potential neuronal pathways and mechanisms responsible for stress-induced exacerbation of chronic ... Evidence suggests that long term stress facilitates pain perception and sensitizes pain pathways, leading to a feed-forward ... Evidence suggests that long term stress facilitates pain perception and sensitizes pain pathways, leading to a feed-forward ... Almeida, T. F., Roizenblatt, S., and Tufik, S. (2004). Afferent pain pathways: a neuroanatomical review. Brain Res. 1000, 40-56 ...

A alpha and C afferent pathways initiate micturition. A alpha fibers exhibit graded response to passive distension, while C ... Sacral parasympathetic pathways run through the pelvic nerves and are the major excitatory pathways to the urinary bladder. ... It receives afferents directly from the collaterals of the lumbosacral parts of the gracile tract. It carries nonconscious ... Parasympathetic pathways arising from the sacral spinal cord innervate the erectile tissue in the penis and clitoris; smooth ...

Canning, B. J. Functional implications of the multiple afferent pathways regulating cough. Pulm.Pharmacol.Ther 2011;24:295-299 ... An effect unrelated to actions on sensory afferent neurons. Eur J Pharmacol 1991;202:129-31. View abstract. ... a heat-activated ion channel in the pain pathway. Nature 10-23-1997;389:816-824. View abstract. ... Increased expression of vanilloid receptor 1 on myelinated primary afferent neurons contributes to the antihyperalgesic effect ...

Canning, B. J. Functional implications of the multiple afferent pathways regulating cough. Pulm.Pharmacol.Ther 2011;24(3):295- ... Rashid, M. H., Inoue, M., Bakoshi, S., and Ueda, H. Increased expression of vanilloid receptor 1 on myelinated primary afferent ... An effect unrelated to actions on sensory afferent neurons. Eur J Pharmacol 1991;202:129-31. View abstract. ... a heat-activated ion channel in the pain pathway. Nature 10-23-1997;389(6653):816-824. View abstract. ...

2000) Afferent diversity and the organisation of central vestibular pathways. Exp Brain Res 130:277-297, doi:10.1007/ ... AMPA-mediated EPSCs in calyx afferent fibers have mixed fast and slow kinetics. In afferents with either single or complex ... Insets, Type I hair cell/calyx afferent synapses (inset 1) and type II hair cell/bouton afferent synapses (inset 2). White ... the superior branch of the vestibular nerve that contains the afferent fibers and Scarpas ganglion including its afferent ...

Nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) is the central integration hub for afferents from upper airway (somatosensory/gustatory), ... The NTS is a compact network of neurons; its copious afferent and efferent pathways affect central homeostatic control [174]. ... The efferent parasympathetic pathways constitute the "cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway" [182, 183]. Ascending from the NTS ... The gustatory afferents project to the NTS. The prefrontal neural network including the OFC and medial PFC is one of the ...

2005) Kv1.1 deletion augments the afferent hypoxic chemosensory pathway and respiration. J Neurosci 25:3389-3399. ... However, this synaptopathy is associated with decreased BDNF availability in the primary afferent pathway and can be rescued by ... the principal pathway for primary afferent inputs to nTS. We focused in particular on neurons in the medial subnucleus (mnTS), ... the principal site for integration of primary visceral afferent inputs to central autonomic pathways and a region in which we ...

Contribution of afferent pathways to nerve injury-induced spontaneous pain and evoked hypersensitivity. Pain 2011.. Okun A, ... Role of small-fiber afferents in pain mechanisms with implications on diagnosis and treatment. Curr. Pain Headache Rep. 2010;14 ... Waxman reviewed some of the evidence that links sodium channels with chronic pain pathways that has been collected in his and ... Transient inflammation-induced ongoing pain is driven by TRPV1 sensitive afferents. Mol. Pain 2011;7:4.. Ossipov MH, Dussor GO ...

Functional implications of the multiple afferent pathways regulating cough. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2011; 24: 295-299. ... Afferent neuronal traffic is relayed via vagal axons to the brainstem via at least two different biochemical pathways [37]. ... localised to vagal afferent nerve terminations in the airways mucosa [35]. The vagal afferent nerves regulating cough are ... Use of management pathways or algorithms in children with chronic cough: CHEST guideline and expert panel report. Chest 2017; ...

The auditory system consists of afferent and efferent pathways. The efferent fibers are located from the nucleus of the ... The suppressive effect of the presence of OAEs shows normal efferent auditory pathways, which are mediated by the activity of ... Keywords: Otoacoustic emissions, spontaneous; Speech disorders; Auditory perception; Efferent pathways; Olivary nucleus; Child ... Otoacoustic emissions, spontaneous; Speech disorders; Auditory perception; Efferent pathways; Olivary nucleus; Child ...

... have shown that SLN afferent fibers constitute the main afferent pathway involved in the initiation of swallowing.5, 32, 37, 38 ... Indeed, regardless of the stimulated afferent pathway, the initial response of the VSG neurons is abolished after lesion of the ... because the peripheral afferent pathway and the CPG, which is localized in the caudal brainstem, seem to remain unaltered in ... which receives vagal afferent fibers including those from the SLN, constitute the main afferent central structures involved in ...

... suggesting increased reactivity of the visual pathway to afferent stimuli. Intrageniculate carbachol and ACh depressed all ... thus decreasing LGN neuronal reaponsiveneasto visual afferent inputs. The finding that intraraphe serotonin inhibited visual ...

Chiang CY, Chang CT (1973) Peripheral Afferent Pathway for Acupuncture Analgesia. Scientia Sinica 16: 210-217. ... The fibres responsible for the impulse transmission are myelinated type 2 and 3 afferents with a small diameter. They are ... delta afferent fibres (Liu Chen, Sankuhles, 2000) (Toda/Ichioka, Liu, 1983). ...

... afferent pathways, the central nervous system: efferent pathways; medulla oblongata; pons; mesencephalon; cerebellum; cranial ...

Overall, the brain receives input via afferent pathways that ascend from the bladder and provide feedback on how full the ... The pons relays afferent information from the bladder to higher brain centers, which in turn communicate with the ... The spinal cord functions as a long communication pathway between the brainstem and the sacral spinal cord. When the sacral ... Peripheral nerves form a network of pathways for sending and receiving information throughout the body. The nerves enter and ...

Overall, the brain receives input via afferent pathways that ascend from the bladder and provide feedback on how full the ... The pons relays afferent information from the bladder to higher brain centers, which in turn communicate with the ... The spinal cord functions as a long communication pathway between the brainstem and the sacral spinal cord. When the sacral ... Peripheral nerves form a network of pathways for sending and receiving information throughout the body. The nerves enter and ...

... irregular and regular otolith afferents preferentially encode translational self-motion and changes in static head orientation ... 2000) Afferent diversity and the organization of central vestibular pathways Experimental Brain Research 130:277-297. ... One channel, regular afferents, relays mostly head orientation signal to the CNS. A second channel, irregular afferents, relay ... Overall, the square root of the RR coherence was higher for irregular afferents than for regular afferents (Figure 2B,C, ...

Afferents bifurcates to interneurons and ascending pathways. *Spinothalamic tract has ipsilateral and contralateral ascending ... specific parallel pathways. *These parallel neuronal pathways are relayed at specific points in the brain and is kept separate ... Dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway. 49. Ascending Pathway (for facial touch). Somatosensory receptors in the face form the ... Spinal Afferents*Dermatome the area of the body innervated by the left and right dorsal roots of a given segment of spinal cord ...

This neurotransmitters cause depolarization of the afferent pathway of Glossopharingeal Nerve(carotid body) and Vagus nerve ( ...

2009) Colitis induces calcitonin gene-related peptide expression and Akt activation in rat primary afferent pathways. Exp ... 2006) Colonic irritation in the rat sensitizes urinary bladder afferents to mechanical and chemical stimuli: an afferent origin ... inflammation of the colon significantly increases CGRP-immunoreactive nerve density in rat primary afferent pathways (Qiao and ... 2007) Convergence of bladder and colon sensory innervation occurs at the primary afferent level. Pain 128:235-243. ...

The QLT promotes stimulation of the afferent pathways by receptors, located in the muscles (intrafusal fibers), joints (nerve ... Côté, M.P.; Ménard, A.; Gossard, J.P. Spinal cats on the treadmill: Changes in load pathways. J. Neurosci. Off. J. Soc. ... Our strict INRP suggested that BLT could activate proprioceptive afferents (groups Ia, Ib, and II) [42,43] throughout stretch ... the importance of the descending pathways in the control of locomotion [14]. This paper aimed to evaluate the safety and ...

This collection of conditions is associated with vasoconstrictor expression in renal afferent pathways2. ... Pre-renal AKI is caused by reduced afferent blood flow or, in other words, increased afferent resistance. While tubular and ... This pressure contrast is influenced by the combined resistances of the afferent (leading to the glomerulus) and efferent ( ... Blood enters the glomerulus through the afferent arteriole. Blood pressure in the glomerulus is high, causing water and ...