TY - JOUR. T1 - Shared epitope for monoclonal IR162 between Anisakis simplex larvae and Clonorchis sinensis and cross-reactivity between antigens. AU - Jun Kyong Cho, Kyong Cho. AU - Cho, Sung-Weon. PY - 2000/1/1. Y1 - 2000/1/1. N2 - IR162 is a rat monoclonal IgE antibody (mAb). In the investigation of rat IgE production, the antigens recognized by IR162 (IR-Ags) were found to be expressed by a variety of helminthic parasites. By western blot analysis, IR162 detected bands in crude extracts of Anisakis simplex larvae, Clonorchis sinensis, Paragonimus westermani, plerocercoids of Spirometra mansoni, and Toxocara canis. Excretory-secretory material from A. simplex larvae also contained a protein recognized by IR162. IR162 mAb obtained from both Serotec and Zymed recognized identical bands of A. simplex larvae. Sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis indicated that both IR-Ags of A. simplex larvae (IR-As) and C. sinensis (IR-Cs) were important antigens with respect to induction of ...

Looking for online definition of Anisakis in the Medical Dictionary? Anisakis explanation free. What is Anisakis? Meaning of Anisakis medical term. What does Anisakis mean?

We report the clinical and radiologic features of 12 patients with acute intestinal anisakiasis. Diagnosis of anisakiasis was made immunologically by positive antibody to Anisakis larvae and a recent history of raw fish intake. Severe abdominal pain was a major symptom in these patients-half experie …

Can you believe this? It is estimated that 85% of Americans have an internal parasite problem! (1). Parasites are organisms that live in or on a host organism. They gain an advantage at the expense of the host. Internal parasites live inside the body and feed off of food or blood. Worms, coccidia, and blood parasites are all types of internal parasites. They come in many different shapes and sizes and can cause numerous health problems when left untreated. For example, some consume your food, leaving you hungry and unable to gain weight. Others feed off of your red blood cells and cause anemia. Some lay eggs and cause itching, irritability, and insomnia. (2) ...

C.H.OklahomaAnswer: DE has not been proven to reduce internal parasites. Some farmers think it helps, but others have had no success. Researchers have tried several times to find an effect of DE on internal parasites, and have found none. Diatomaceous Earth does help to control flies, but inhaling DE can damage the lungs. The article by Joan Burke at the USDA/ARS/Dale Bumpers Small Farm Research Center in Booneville, Arkansas (see below), discusses management of Barber pole worm. Another article discussing a workshop held at Langston University in 2000 provides some details on the problem and the options and goals of sustainable internal parasite control. The writer lives in Oklahoma and may be a valuable contact for you. Goat producers that use kelp or seaweed in their rations seem happy with the results. According to various Web sites marketing kelp products, kelp may be fed to many different species of animals. However, we were unable to find any scientific studies that show the value of kelp ...

Looking for online definition of anisakidosis in the Medical Dictionary? anisakidosis explanation free. What is anisakidosis? Meaning of anisakidosis medical term. What does anisakidosis mean?

Anisakidosis, human infection with nematodes of the family Anisakidae, is caused most commonly by Anisakis simplex. Acquired by the consumption of raw or undercooked marine fish or squid, anisakidosis occurs where such dietary customs are practiced, including Japan, the coastal regions of Europe and the United States. Rupture of the spleen is a relatively common complication of trauma and many systemic disorders affecting the reticuloendothelial system, including infections and neoplasias. A rare subtype of rupture occurring spontaneously and arising from a normal spleen has been recognized as a distinct clinicopathologic entity. Herein we discuss the case of a woman who presented to our institution with appendicitis secondary to Anisakis and spontaneous spleen rupture. We report the case of a 53-year-old Caucasian woman who presented with hemorrhagic shock and abdominal pain and was subsequently found to have spontaneous spleen rupture and appendicitis secondary to Anisakis simplex. She underwent open

Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is a myxozoan parasite of salmonid fish. It causes Proliferative Kidney Disease (PKD), one of the most serious parasitic diseases of salmonid populations in Europe and North America[1], which causes losses of up to 90% in infected populations. Until the late 1990s, the organism which caused PKD was enigmatic, thus called "PKX organism". The causative agent of PKD was recognized as a form of Malacosporean[2], but the absence of mature spores in salmonid hosts, the lack of fish to fish transmission, and seasonality of the disease suggested that the life cycle of PKX was completed in another host and that infection of salmonids could be accidental. Korotneff observed a myxozoan in the bryozoan, Plumatella fungosa, in 1892, which he described as Myxosporidium bryozoides[3]. Myxozoan infection of bryozoans was not reported again until 1996. Ecological investigations of freshwater bryozoans in North America discovered parasitic sacs of a myxozoan species, freely floating ...

Looking for online definition of Proliferative Kidney Disease in the Medical Dictionary? Proliferative Kidney Disease explanation free. What is Proliferative Kidney Disease? Meaning of Proliferative Kidney Disease medical term. What does Proliferative Kidney Disease mean?

Senior Researcher. Gokhlesh Kumar has been worked on proliferative kidney disease and identified differentially expressed genes in the kidney of brown trout and rainbow trout during Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa) development. In addition, he identified and quantified whole cell proteins of biotype 1 and biotype 2 Yersinia ruckeri strains using shotgun proteomic approach. Further, he identified differentially regulated proteins in the head kidney and spleen of rainbow trout in response to the Y. ruckeri strains, which offer new insight into the systemic response at the protein level in rainbow trout. Presently, he is focusing on in vivo induced genes of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (Myxozoa) that are induced and expressed in fish and bryozoan hosts during the course of infection.. Project: In vivo induced genes of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae Financing: FWF (Austrian Science Fund ...

Zoonotic infections are a class of specific diseases and infections that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and humans. Transmission may occur via direct contact with an infected animal or animal product, by ingestion of contaminated water or food products, by inhalation, or through arthropod vectors-most commonly ticks. Diagnosis can be challenging because of the nonspecific nature of symptoms (e.g., fever, headache, and myalgias) which overlap with the presentation of many other infectious and autoimmune diseases. Consider zoonotic infections in patients presenting with viral-like illnesses in conjunction with occupational or geographical risk factors for zoonotic disease exposure and transmission. See Table 97-1 for a list of common systemic zoonotic infections and Table 97-2 for specific treatment recommendations for tick-borne diseases. ...

Outcomes of infections with the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis vary considerably among its natural hosts (Salmo, Oncorhynchus spp.). Host-parasite interactions range from weak to strong host responses accompanied by high to low parasite abundances, respectively. Parasite behavioral studies indicate that the louse prefers the host Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar), which is characterized by a weak immune response, and that this results in enhanced parasite reproduction and growth rates. Furthermore, parasite-derived immunosuppressive molecules (e.g., proteases) have been detected at higher amounts in response to the mucus of Atlantic Salmon relative to Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). However, the host-specific responses of the salmon louse have not been well characterized in either of the genetically distinct sub-species that occur in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. We assessed and compared the transcriptomic feeding response of the Pacific salmon louse (L. salmonis oncorhynchi,) while

Characterization of the Myxosporean Parasite Isolated from Emaciated Olive Flounders Paralichthys olivaceus on Jeju Island;kpubs;kpubs.org

The efficacy of a range of anti-parasitic chemotherapeutic agents against the salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis following topical application was studied in vitro and in vivo. In general, adult and preadult lice were susceptible to a wide range of compounds with dose rates, following 1 hour exposures, ranging several orders of magnitude (10.0 - 0.001 mg/L). Overall the pyrethroid compounds which were tested were found to have the widest therapeutic ratios, indicating the potential of this group of chemotherapeutants for sea lice control. Resistance to the organophosphorus (OP) compounds dichlorvos and azamethiphos was detected in isolated populations of lice. Field trials with azamethiphos indicated that the compound was highly efficacious against sensitive lice (@ 0.1 mg/L; however, where resistance was present, efficacy (@ 0.2 mg/L) was highly variable. When used at the above dose rates, azamethiphos was found to be well tolerated by fish as indicated by a lack of significant brain ...

article{9cc27631-773b-4625-add5-aeb353c7d0cb, abstract = {,p,Parasite diversity and abundance (parasite load) vary greatly among host species. However, the influence of host traits on variation in parasitism remains poorly understood. Comparative studies of parasite load have largely examined measures of parasite species richness and are predominantly based on records obtained from published data. Consequently, little is known about the relationships between host traits and other aspects of parasite load, such as parasite abundance, prevalence and aggregation. Meanwhile, understanding of parasite species richness may be clouded by limitations associated with data collation from multiple independent sources. We conducted a field study of Lake Tanganyika cichlid fishes and their helminth parasites. Using a Bayesian phylogenetic comparative framework, we tested evolutionary associations between five key host traits (body size, gut length, diet breadth, habitat complexity and number of sympatric ...

Vector-borne diseases have long been a problem for both animals and humans, causing some of the worst plagues of mankind, such as the Black Death in Europe in the 14th century and yellow fever epidemics in the Americas (Gubler 2009). The 20th century witnessed a steady decline in vector-borne diseases through the implementation of extensive vector control programmes, but the 21st century has witnessed the re-emergence of some of these diseases. This re-emergence has been presumed to be because of new global trends in animal husbandry, urbanisation, modern transportation and globalisation (Gubler 2009). Amongst the re-emerging vector-borne diseases are tick-borne diseases (Estrada-Peqa, Ayllon & De la Fuente 2012).. Ticks transmit a wide range of pathogens that include protozoa, bacteria and viruses (Kim et al. 2006). In their review on the prevalence, distribution and burden of neglected tropical diseases, Hotez and Kamath (2009) noted that there was lack of information on tick-borne zoonoses in ...

The objective of the Project is the development of PCR microarrays for assessment of gene expression profiles related to sea bass resistance against viral nervous necrosis. The European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) is one of the most important farmed species of aquaculture in the Mediterranean, with 153.182 tons of annual production. One of the main problems in sea bass farming is the development of diseases, including viral nervous necrosis (VNN). VNN is caused by beta-nodavirus strains and there is no effective treatment or widely available vaccine for the disease. Selective reproduction of resistant individuals is an alternative approach towards disease elimination, with the potential for increase of survival at least 12.5% ​​per generation. In the context of the present Project, PCR microarrays will be developed as a molecular tool to assess the resilience of farmed sea bass populations to VNN for genetic improvement, with commercial exploitation potential. The microarrays will be ...

Unscramble endoparasite, Unscramble letters endoparasite, Point value for endoparasite, Word Decoder for endoparasite, Word generator using the letters endoparasite, Word Solver endoparasite, Possible Scrabble words with endoparasite, Anagram of endoparasite

The distribution on serovars of 60 Salmonella isolates from reptiles kept in captivity in Denmark during the period 1995-2006 was investigated. The isolates were all recovered from clinical specimens submitted to the National Veterinary Institute. A majority of the samples were from reptiles in zoological gardens or similar, while a minor number was from reptiles kept in private homes. A total of 43 serovars were detected, most of them being what is usually called exotic serotypes, and many not having a trivial name, while a few isolates belonged to well-known human pathogenic serovars, such as S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Bovismorbificans. One isolate was rough and two were non-typeable. Isolates from turtles belonged to the subspecies enterica, while many isolates from both sauria and snakes belonged to other subspecies. The findings underline the potential zoonotic risk by handling reptiles in zoological garden or other public settings, or keeping pet reptiles in private homes ...

Clinically healthy reptiles may shed Salmonella and therefore act as a potential zoonotic threat. Most people in Northern European countries are rarely exposed to reptiles, but many zoos have education departments where children have direct contact with this group of animals. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and serotype distribution of Salmonella among reptiles in the Education Department (n = 55) at Copenhagen Zoo and compare it to the Zoo's main reptile collection (n = 145) to evaluate the zoonotic risk. Salmonella was isolated from cloacal swabs by selective enrichment, and a single isolate from each positive sample was further identified by biochemical tests and serotyped. The overall prevalence was 35% (69/200) with significant difference between the Education Department (64%, 35/55) and the main reptile collection (23%, 34/145). A total of 28 serotypes were detected. Ten serotypes were isolated from more than one specimen and four from more than one species. ...

1. Parasites and infectious diseases have become a major concern in conservation biology, in part because they can trigger or accelerate species or population declines. Focusing on primates as a well-studied host clade, we tested whether the species richness and prevalence of parasites differed between threatened and non-threatened host species.. 2. We collated data on 386 species of parasites (including viruses, bacteria, protozoa, helminths and arthropods) reported to infect wild populations of 36 threatened and 81 non-threatened primate species. Analyses controlled for uneven sampling effort and host phylogeny.. 3. Results showed that total parasite species richness was lower among threatened primates, supporting the prediction that small, isolated host populations harbour fewer parasite species. This trend was consistent across three major parasite groups found in primates (helminths, protozoa and viruses). Counter to our predictions, patterns of parasite species richness were independent of ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Association between urticaria and nematode infections. AU - Cascio, Antonio. AU - Minciullo, Paola L.. AU - Gangemi, Sebastiano. PY - 2018. Y1 - 2018. N2 - Background: The association between parasites and urticaria was first suggested in the last century. A wide range, 0-75.4%, of the prevalence of parasitic infection has been reported with chronic urticaria (CU). Moreover, urticaria may be detected in patients with parasitosis. Nematodes are a type of helminth that infect hundreds of millions of people throughout the world. Objective: The aim of this work was to collect and review the published studies and cases of urticaria associated with nematode infections. Methods: A search of scientific literature data bases from January 1960 until May 2017 was carried out. Results: Numerous nematode infections have been associated with urticaria and/or angioedema: Anisakis simplex, Ascaris species (spp.), Dirofilaria spp., Enterobius vermicularis, Gnathostoma spp., Loa loa, Mansonella ...

A social parasite uses workers of another social insect species to rear its own progeny. They are often so closely related to their hosts that it has been suggested that they could have evolved sympatrically from them. To address the question of whether social parasites evolved from their hosts we present a partial sequence of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene for nine species of Polistes, comprising all known species of social parasites, their hosts and two outgroups. Parsimony and maximum-likelihood analyses of the data support monophyly for these social parasites. The trees supporting monophyly are significantly shorter than the trees supporting sympatric speciation of parasites from their hosts. These data support the hypothesis that speciation occurred allopatrically and independently of the evolution of social parasitism. Where the social parasite parasitizes more than one species, the two species used are most closely related to each other. Although social parasites are monophyletic and did ...

Amoebiasis lecture 1. The Anisakis spp parasite can still be found in one of the most emblematic Mediterranean dishes -- anchovies in vinegar. Worldwide, Amoebic liver abscess is more common than pyogenic liver abscess. For the parasites, humans are a dead-end host in which the larvae cannot survive and eventually die. _____ Pelvic plexus _____ Cercaria Egg in urine Cause Egyptian haematuria Mode of infection Ceraria penetrates skin 2- Trichomonas vaginalis. click for more detailed Chinese translation, definition, pronunciation and example sentences. While the only known reservoir of the infectious form of the parasite (the oocyst) is the cat, the CDC estimates that more than 20 percent of the U.S. population carry the parasite. This review provides an update on the presenting symptoms, signs, investigation and management of diseases affecting the lung caused by protozoa, nematodes and trematodes. A] Amoebic colitis *C] Amoebic liver abscess . Toss again at the table. Its brownish color comes ...

5 spezie cinesi (1) acciughe (10) aceto (6) aceto balsamico (8) agrodolce (2) agrumi (2) ajwain/carom (1) albicocche (1) alchechengi (1) alghe (3) all-spice (1) alloro/tejpatta (1) almonds (3) amaranto (1) amaro (2) amatriciana (1) anacardi (9) ananas (1) anchovies (5) aneto (2) anguria (1) anisakidiosi (1) anisakis (1) appam (1) appetizer (1) apple gourd/tinda (1) arancini siciliani (1) arrabbiata (1) arrosto (4) asafoetida/hing (2) asparagi (8) asparagus (3) Assam tea (1) avocado (4) baccalà (1) bacon (4) baked (5) banana (5) barbabietole (6) basilico (9) basmati (32) basmati [come cucinarlo] (1) BBQ (1) beetroots (1) besan (4) besciamella (1) bignè (1) birra indiana (1) biscotti (1) bitter melon (2) black olives (2) bok choi (1) bombay duck (2) bombil (2) breadcrumbs (5) breaded (2) broccoli (11) brodo (1) brunch (2) bruschetta (2) bucatini (2) bulgur (1) burger (2) cacao (1) cacik (1) caffè (1) calabrese (1) calabrisi (1) calamari (2) cannella (2) canzone (2) caponata (1) capperi (3) ...

Although Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) is the cause of variant Creutzfeldt Jakob disease (vCJD) in humans, the zoonotic potential of scrapie prions remains unknown. Mice genetically engineered to overexpress the human prion protein (tgHu) have emerged as highly relevant models for gauging the capacity of prions to transmit to humans. These models can propagate human prions without any apparent transmission barrier and have been used used to confirm the zoonotic ability of BSE. Here we show that a panel of sheep scrapie prions transmit to several tgHu mice models with an efficiency comparable to that of cattle BSE. The serial transmission of different scrapie isolates in these mice led to the propagation of prions that are phenotypically identical to those causing sporadic CJD (sCJD) in humans. These results demonstrate that scrapie prions have a zoonotic potential and raise new questions about the possible link between animal and human prions. Scrapie, a form of prion disease that affects sheep

The biogeographic histories of parasites and pathogens are infrequently compared with those of free-living species, including their hosts. Documenting the frequency with which parasites and pathogens disperse across geographic regions contributes to understanding not only their evolution, but also the likelihood that they may become emerging infectious diseases. Haemosporidian parasites of birds (parasite genera Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon) are globally distributed, dipteran-vectored parasites. To date, over 2000 avian haemosporidian lineages have been designated by molecular barcoding methods. To achieve their current distributions, some lineages must have dispersed long distances, often over water. Here we quantify such events using the global avian haemosporidian database MalAvi and additional records primarily from the Americas. We scored lineages as belonging to one or more global biogeographic regions based on infection records. Most lineages were restricted to a single ...

Young, P., Kibenge, F. S. B., & Burka, J. F. (2007). Binding characteristics of emamectin benzoate to GABA-and glutamate-gated chloride channels of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) ...

Despite the fact that most host populations are infected by a community of different parasite species, the majority of empirical studies have focused on the interaction between the host and a single parasite species. Here, we explore the hypothesis that host population dynamics are affected both by single parasite species and by the whole parasite community. We monitored population density and breeding productivity of two populations of willow ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus) in northern Norway for 8 and 11 years, respectively, and sampled eukaryotic endoparasites. We found that increasing abundances of the cestode Hymenolepis microps was associated with increased breeding mortality and reduced annual growth rate of the host population in both areas, and reduced host body mass and body condition in the area where such data were available. In one of the areas, the abundance of the nematode Trichostrongylus tenuis was associated with reductions in host body mass, body condition and breeding mortality ...

Although mankind has known about intestinal parasites for millennia, it has only been in the last century that scientists have recognized the diseases caused by zoonotic parasites. Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs), including Toxocara canis and Ancylostoma caninum, are an important subset of zoonotic parasites, and they have developed unique characteristics that allow them to infect humans and animals. Overt parasitism is no longer common in many developed nations; however, the subtle and varied symptoms associated with STH infection, along with the lack of experience and interest of the human healthcare industry, mean that many cases of zoonotic infection are missed. These diseases not only affect the health of humans, but they also have poverty-promoting effects. The lack of attention paid to these parasites in recent years has caused the World Health Organization to label them "neglected zoonotic diseases." Human culture and individual behaviors are important risk factors for these diseases, ...

Over the past several years, our lab has been attempting to determine the mechanism by which inbred strains of mice, which we use as model mammalian hosts, respond to experimental filarial infections. The outcome of these studies indicates that an important host defense mechanism is the formation of multicellular aggregates of leukocytes called granulomas around incoming infectious larvae. Our previous studies indicated an important role for T cells (for the recruitment of a robust population of leukocytes and for activating macrophages along the alternative pathway of activation), B lymphocytes (particularly the B1 subset), and macrophages and eosinophils (for participating in the granulomas). We have demonstrated the crucial importance of antifilarial antibodies of the IgM isotype in binding to the surface of the larvae and facilitating the adhesion of activated macrophages to the larvae. We have further shown that the in vitro cytoadherence assay is a good surrogate for in vivo granuloma ...

Background: Toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans can cause a diphtheria-like illness in humans and have been found in domestic animals, which were suspected to serve as reservoirs for a zoonotic transmission. Additionally, toxigenic C. ulcerans were reported to take over the leading role in causing diphtheria in the last years in many industrialized countries. Methods: To gain deeper insights into the tox gene locus and to understand the transmission pathway in detail, we analyzed nine isolates derived from human patients and their domestic animals applying next generation sequencing and comparative genomics. Results: We provide molecular evidence for zoonotic transmission of C. ulcerans in four cases and demonstrate the superior resolution of next generation sequencing compared to multi-locus sequence typing for epidemiologic research. Additionally, we provide evidence that the virulence of C. ulcerans can change rapidly by acquisition of novel virulence genes. This mechanism is exemplified by an ...

Studies were carried out in Ibadan City, South-West Nigeria between March and June 2011, to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in vegetables sold in various markets within the city. Fifty samples each of 5 different vegetable types, Cabbage (Brassica deracea), Lettuce (Lactus sativa), Carrot (Daucus carota), Cucumber and green leafy vegetables were bought randomly from five different markets and examined for parasites in the laboratory using sedimentation method. Results show that 29(11.6%) out of the 250 vegetable samples examined had intestinal parasites. The prevalence of intestinal parasites in these plant tissues was found to be 22.0% in Cabbage, 14.0% in Carrot, 12.0% in lettuce and 10.0% in Green leafy vegetables. No parasites were detected in the 50 cucumber samples. Intestinal parasites detected included ova of Ascaris lumbricoides (51.7%), Hookworm larvae (27.6%) and larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis (20.7%). This study shows a high prevalence of intestinal parasites on ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Evidence of zoonotic transmission of Cryptococcus neoformans from a pet cockatoo to an immunocompromised patient. AU - Nosanchuk, Joshua D.. AU - Shoham, Shmuel. AU - Fries, Bettina C.. AU - Shapiro, Daniel S.. AU - Levitz, Stuart M.. AU - Casadevall, Arturo. PY - 2000/2/1. Y1 - 2000/2/1. N2 - Background: Although cryptococcosis has been associated with birds for almost 50 years, point sources for infection have not been identified. Objective: To document zoonotic transmission of Cryptococcus neoformans. Design: Case report. Setting: A home in Boston, Massachusetts. Patient: A 72- year-old woman who received a diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis in November 1998. The patient, who had been taking immunosuppressant drugs since undergoing renal transplantation in 1989, owned a pet cockatoo. Measurements: Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated from the feces of the cockatoo. Isolates from excreta and from the patient were compared by using biochemical profiles, monoclonal antibody ...

Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) pose significant public health challenges in school children in developing countries. The aim of this study is to determine prevalence of intestinal parasites among elementary school children in Mizan-Aman town, southwest Ethiopia. Institution-based cross-sectional study involving 460 elementary school children in Mizan-Aman Town was conducted from May to June 2013. The school children were selected using multistage sampling technique. Data on demography and predisposing factors of IPIs were collected using pretested questionnaire. Moreover, single stool specimen was examined microscopically after wet mount and formol-ether sedimentation concentration procedures. Infection intensity of Schistosoma mansoni and soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) was estimated using Kato-Katz egg counting method. Age of the children ranged from 5 to 17 years. Overall, 76.7 % (95%CI: 72.8-80.6) of the children harbored at least one species of intestinal parasite. Eight species of

SEROEPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDY OF CANINE LEPTOSPIROSIS IN TEHRAN, IRAN. Rad MA, Zeinali A, Yousofi JV, and Tabatabai AH. Objective: To survey the prevalence rate of canine leptospirosis in the Tehran area.. Conclusions: 1. The prevalence rate of reacted dogs examined by IFA (7.7%) technique was almost the same rate as examined by MAT (7. 6%) at 1:400 dilution of serum samples.. 2. All of the three leptospiral serotypes revealed the equal sensitivity and specificity rates at 1:100 dilution of serum samples in both MAT and IFA technique for canicola (9. 0%, 9.3%), icterohemorrhagiae (8.7%, 8.7%) and grippotyphosa (4.7%, 4.7%) serotypes, respectively. 3. It seems that IFA technique is more sensitive and reliable than MAT for diagnosis of canine leptospirosis in daily clinical practice.. 4. To prevent and control of leptospirosis as a potential zoonotic disease in Iran, using potent vaccines against three major serotypes of canicola, icterohemorrhagiae and grippotyphosa in all urban and farmer dogs (older ...

The freeMD virtual doctor has found 16 conditions that can cause Severe Chest Pain and Excessive Flatulence. There are 4 common conditions that can cause Severe Chest Pain and Excessive Flatulence. There are 4 somewhat common conditions that can cause Severe Chest Pain and Excessive Flatulence. There are 5 uncommon conditions that can cause Severe Chest Pain and Excessive Flatulence. There are 3 rare conditions that can cause Severe Chest Pain and Excessive Flatulence.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Giardia duodenalis in the UK. T2 - Current knowledge of risk factors and public health implications. AU - Horton, B.. AU - Bridle, Helen. AU - Alexander, C. L.. AU - Katzer, F.. PY - 2018/10/15. Y1 - 2018/10/15. N2 - Giardia duodenalis is a ubiquitous flagellated protozoan parasite known to cause giardiasis throughout the world. Potential transmission vehicles for this zoonotic parasite are both water and food sources. As such consumption of water contaminated by feces, or food sources washed in contaminated water containing parasite cysts, may result in outbreaks. This creates local public health risks which can potentially cause widespread infection and long-term post-infection sequelae. This paper provides an up-to-date overview of G. duodenalis assemblages, sub-assemblages, hosts and locations identified. It also summarizes knowledge of potential infection/transmission routes covering water, food, person-to-person infection and zoonotic transmission from livestock and ...

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Table 2. The subsequent incidence of gastric cancer was 1. Question 2:. Iron deficiency anemia H. People immigrating to North America from Asia and other parts of the world have a much higher prevalence of the infection than people born in North America When asked if the director's decision to voltaren tablets reviews use her voice in the film affected her, she said that her voice was dubbed as it "did not suit the character". Mukerji played Maya Talwar, a woman layered with self-doubt and question about the relationship between her husband played by Abhishek Bachchan and herself. Rani Maria Vattalil born January 29, - died February 25,Indian catholic religious, activist and missionary social worker.. A girl who's too smart for her own good.. A allergy hydroxyzine before I start shooting, I sit with my director, try to understand how he has visualised the character on the screen and take notes. It wasn't a role that was typical of a Hindi film heroine.. When asked if the director's decision to ...

The cave site of Ranis-Ilsenhöhle, Saale-Orla Kreis, Thüringen, is an important data point for the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition in central Germany and northern Europe. It was excavated between 1932 and 1938 by Werner M. Hülle. The finds from Layer X (Ranis 2) were given the name Ranisian and form one part of the Lincombian-Ranisian-Jerzmanowician (LRJ) transition period complex of northern Europe. Recent studies have shown that bifacial leaf points similar to those from Ranis and Jerzmanowice blade points can be assigned to the final Middle Paleolithic. The stratigraphy of Ranis seems to reinforce the typo-technological arguments for a late, transition period assemblage, as it is probably the only LRJ site in northern Europe where the final Middle Paleolithic is overlain by an early Upper Paleolithic assemblage. However, Ranis, like many key transition period sites, was excavated early in the history of prehistory, and there are reasons to be cautious about interpreting the ...

Human malaria is a devastating disease and a major cause of poverty in resource-limited countries. To develop and adapt within hosts Plasmodium falciparum undergoes drastic switches in gene expression. To identify regulatory regions in the parasite genome, we performed genome-wide profiling of chromatin accessibility in two culture-adapted isogenic subclones at four developmental stages during the intraerythrocytic cycle by using the Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin by sequencing (ATAC-seq). Tn5 transposase hypersensitivity sites (THSSs) localize preferentially at transcriptional start sites (TSSs). Chromatin accessibility by ATAC-seq is predictive of active transcription and of the levels of histone marks H3K9ac and H3K4me3. Our assay allows the identification of novel regulatory regions including TSS and enhancer-like elements. We show that the dynamics in the accessible chromatin profile matches temporal transcription during development. Motif analysis of stage-specific ATAC-seq ...

Abstract in English:. The life cycle of Lagochilascaris minor was studied using material collected from human lesion and applying the experimental model: rodents (mice, hamsters), and carnivorae (cats, dogs). In mice given infective eggs, orally, hatch of the third stage larvae was noted in the gut wall, with migration to liver, lungs, skeletal musculature and subcutaneous tissue becoming, soon after, encysted. In cats infected with skinned carcasses of mice (60 to 235 days of infection) it was observed: hatch of third stage larvae from the nodules (cysts) in the stomach, migration through the oesophagus, pharynx, trachea, related tissues (rhino-oropharynx), and cervical lymphonodes developing to the mature stage in any of these sites on days 9-20 post inoculation (P.I.). There was no parasite development up to the mature stage in cats inoculated orally with infective eggs, which indicates that the life cycle of this parasite includes an obligatory intermediate host. In one of the cats (fed ...

Parasite increased trophic transmission (PITT) is a mode of parasite transmission in which the parasite manipulates the behavior of its host to increase transmission success to higher trophic levels. Parasites that use PITT have complex life cycles, requiring more than one host species to procreate. Sexual reproduction is typically limited to a definitive host, high in the trophic levels. Parasite progeny sequentially infect one or more intermediate hosts, inside which they may undergo asexual reproduction and physiological changes. Trophic transmission often relies on predator-prey relationships, where the parasite can only be transmitted if the host is eaten by a later stage host. Parasitic manipulation of the intermediate host can involve adaptations that make it an easier prey for predators, thereby increasing the transmission rate of the parasite. For complex life cycles to emerge in parasites, the addition of intermediate host species must be beneficial, e.g., result in a higher fitness. ...

Diphyllobothriasis-procercoid larvae of Diphyllobothrium latum develop in the gut of people infected by eating undercooked fish. Adult worms cause mild gastrointestinal symptoms and urticaria, and compete with the host for vitamin B12, occasionally leading to pernicious anaemia. Diagnosis is by finding characteristic ova in the stool. Treatment is with niclosamide or praziquantel....

Most Japanese cities have several Fugu restaurants, which are usually clustered together because regulations once placed limits on where they could operate. Although closely monitored, not all Fugu restaurants are equal. People seek out the best quality Fugu, which supposedly still has non-lethal amounts of the poison remaining in its flesh, and produces a tingling sensation on the tongue.. Although fugu remains an almost exclusively Japanese delicacy, sushi ranks among the most wildly popular exports from Japan. If you've hesitated to try it, you may have good reason. Raw fish can be infected with parasites, and every year there are hundreds of cases of illness caused by them. In the United States, however, you are more likely to become ill from eating cooked beef or chicken than raw fish. That's because commercial fish intended for raw consumption must be frozen for at least 72 hours (that's 3 days) at -4 degrees Fahrenheit, in order to kill dangerous parasites and their larvae.. Yuck, it's a ...

BioMed Research International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies covering a wide range of subjects in life sciences and medicine. The journal is divided into 55 subject areas.

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Objective: Palatable food disrupts normal appetite regulation, which may contribute to the etiology of obesity. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and cholecystokinin play critical roles in the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis, while adiponectin and carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) are important for insulin sensitivity and fatty acid oxidation. This study examined the impact of short- and long-term consumption of palatable high-fat diet (HFD) on these critical metabolic regulators. Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to laboratory chow (12% fat), or cafeteria-style palatable HFD (32% fat) for 2 or 10 weeks. Body weight and food intake were monitored throughout. Plasma leptin, hypothalamic NPY and cholecystokinin, and mRNA expression of leptin, adiponectin, their receptors and CPT-1, in fat and muscles were measured. Results: Caloric intake of the palatable HFD group was 2-3 times greater than control, resulting in a 37% higher body weight. Fat mass was already increased at 2 weeks; plasma

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