Vertebrate hard tissues first appeared in the dermal skeletons of early jawless vertebrates (ostracoderms) and were further modified in the earliest jawed vertebrates. Fortunately, histological information is usually preserved in these early vertebrate fossils and has thus been studied for more than a century, done so by examining thin sections, which provide general information about the specific features of vertebrate hard tissues in their earliest forms. Recent progress in synchrotron X-ray microtomography technology has caused a revolution in imaging methods used to study the dermal skeletons of early vertebrates. Virtual thin sections obtained in this manner can be used to reconstruct the internal structures of dermal skeletons in three-dimensions (3D), such as vasculature, buried odontodes (tooth-like unites) and osteocytes. Several body scales of early vertebrates have been examined using this imaging method and in situ 3D models of internal structures are created. Andreolepis (an early ...
The purpose of this study was to investigate if in vivo micro-computed tomography (CT) is a reliable alternative to micro-CT scanning of a vascular corrosion cast. This would allow one to study the ea
TY - CONF. T1 - Three-Dimensional Visualisation and Analysis of Feto-Placental Vascular Cast Using Micro-Computed Tomography in A Rat Model. AU - Tongpob, Yutthapong. AU - Xia, Shushan. AU - Chivers, Emily. AU - Mehnert, Andrew. PY - 2019/4. Y1 - 2019/4. N2 - Many studies of the feto-placental vascular structure have utilised a range of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques including ultrasound, electron microscopy, confocal microscopy and stereological techniques on systematic uniform random sections; and most recently, innovation with X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) with perfusion of radio-opaque compounds. The CT approach has been used to study feto-placental vasculature in mouse [1], rat [2] and human [3]; this approach embodies particular advantages: (i) revealing the 3D structure in high resolution and (ii) permitting multiple rescanning without irreversibly destroying the sample casts. Nevertheless, some challenges with the micro-CT approach still remain: ...
Read Three-dimensional computed tomography analysis of the vascular anatomy of the splenic hilum for gastric cancer surgery, Surgery Today on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
Live imaging of whole invertebrates can be accomplished with X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) at 10-100 μm spatial resolution. However, image quality could be compromised by the movement of live subjects, producing image artefacts. We tested the feasibility of using CO2 gas to induce temporary full-immobilization of sufficient duration to image live insects based on their ability to tolerate hypoxic conditions. Additionally, we investigated the effects of these prolonged hypoxic conditions on several life history traits of a lepidopteran species. Live Colorado potato beetle (CPB) and true armyworm (TAW) adults were immobilized under a constant CO2 gas flow (0.5 L/min), and scanned using micro-CT (80 kVp; 450 μA). An L8 (24) orthogonal array (OA) was used to evaluate the effects of prolonged CO2-induced anesthesia on the recovery, longevity, and incidence of mating of TAW adults. The variable factors were age (immature and mature), sex (female and male), exposure time (3 and 7 h), and
This paper presents a three dimensional image processing strategy that has been developed to quantitatively analyze and correlate the path of a fatigue crack with the lamellar microstructure found in Ti-6246. The analysis is carried out on X-ray microtomography images acquired in situ during uniaxial fatigue testing. The crack, the primary β-grain boundaries and the α lamellae have been segmented separately and merged for the first time to allow a better characterization and understanding of their mutual interaction. This has particularly emphasized the role of translamellar crack growth at a very high propagation angle with regard to the lamellar orientation, supporting the central role of colonies favorably oriented for basal 〈a〉 slip to guide the crack in the fully lamellar microstructure of Ti alloy. - Highlights: • 3D tomography images reveal strong short fatigue crack interaction with α lamellae. • Proposed 3D image processing methodology makes their segmentation possible. • ...
A fast, powerful and stable filter based on combined wavelet and Fourier analysis for the elimination of horizontal or vertical stripes in images is presented and compared with other types of destriping filters. Strict separation between artifacts and original features allowing both, suppression of the unwanted structures and high degree of preservation of the original image information is endeavoured. The results are validated by visual assessments, as well as by quantitative estimation of the image energy loss. The capabilities and the performance of the filter are tested on a number of case studies related to applications in tomographic imaging. The case studies include (i) suppression of waterfall artifacts in electron microscopy images based on focussed ion beam nanotomography, (ii) removal of different types of ring artifacts in synchrotron based X-ray microtomography and (iii) suppression of horizontal stripe artifacts from phase projections in grating interferometry. ...
In this work we fabricated alumina samples by the freeze-casting technique using tert-butanol as the solvent. The prepared materials were examined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microtomography. Next, they were coated with sol-gel silica films by dip-coating. Permeability tests were carried out in order to assess the permeation behavior of the materials processed in this study. We observed that the sintering time and alumina loading showed a remarkable effect on both the structural properties and flexural strength of the freeze-cast samples. Nitrogen adsorption tests revealed that the silica prepared in this study exhibited a microporous structure. It was observed that the presence of silica coatings on the alumina surface decreased the CO{sub 2} permeance by about one order of magnitude. Because of the similar kinetic diameters of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, the CO{sub 2}/N{sub 2} system showed a separation efficiency that was lower than that observed for the He/CO{sub 2} and ...
From 5th to 17th February 2017, we organized the training in Analytical Methods in Geology for students of AGH University of Science and Technology from Krakow in the Centre of Education of Slovak Academy of Sciences in Banská Bystrica. AGH management has decided for this external form of education on the basis of positive experiences with our laboratories and a wide range of modern analytical methods. Overall, 24 graduated students of mineralogy, during two one-week courses, got through the intensive theoretical and practical laboratory training in isotope geochemistry, paleolimnologic field methods, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, X-ray microtomography, microthermometry and geofluids and creation of 3D digital models using terrestrial laser scanner. At the end of the stay, each student prepared the seminar paper on each of analytical method. For its preparation, the students used computers of our library and electronic access to world scientific databases. The training in particular ...
Well-structured soils are generally considered to have bimodal pore structure, including textural pores between soil particles and structural pores between soil aggregates. Bimodal pore structure has previously been inferred indirectly from the soil water retention curve (SWRC) but our understanding of the precise 3-D pore geometry that regulates this curve is limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the bimodal pore structure of a paddy soil under different fertilization regimes using both SWRC and X-ray micro-Computed Tomography (micro-CT), an imaging approach with the aim of comparing the two methods. Undisturbed soil aggregates and soil cores were collected from the surface layer of a long-term unfertilized control (CK), inorganically fertilized (NPK), and organically and inorganically fertilized (NPKOM) paddy soils. The aggregates and cores were scanned using micro-CT and pore structure analyzed. The SWRCs were measured on the same CT-scanned soil cores. Three widely used ...
OBJECTIVES: To establish a rat model of a one-piece mandible using the principles of gingivoperiosteoplasty and guided bone regeneration to fuse the midline symphyseal area. MATERIALS & METHODS: Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into two groups: 12 experimental and 12 control. Both groups were imaged using in vivo micro-computed tomography at baseline and at end point (5 months). The experimental group received regenerative surgery at the symphysis area; the control group received no treatment. Outcomes were evaluated by radiographic examination of gross and volumetric bony changes in the symphyseal region of interest marked between the mental foramina bilaterally and the two central incisors near the most coronal margin of the alveolar crests. These landmarks were chosen as they can be reproduced on the computed tomography images at baseline and end point. Histologic examination was performed on all samples at a level 5 mm apical to the alveolar bone crest. RESULTS: Radiologic ...
Curing is generally required to stabilize film coating from aqueous polymer dispersion. This post-coating drying step is traditionally carried out in static conditions, requiring the transfer of solid dosage forms to an oven. But, curing operation performed directly inside the coating equipment stands for an attractive industrial application. Recently, the use of various advanced physico-chemical characterization techniques i.e., X-ray micro-computed tomography, vibrational spectroscopies (near infrared and Raman) and X-ray microdiffraction, allowed new insights into the film-coating structures of dynamically cured tablets. Dynamic curing end-point was efficiently determined after 4 h. The aim of the present work was to elucidate the influence of curing conditions on film-coating structures. Results demonstrated that 24 h of static curing and 4 h of dynamic curing, both performed at 60 degrees C and ambient relative humidity, led to similar coating layers in terms of drug release properties, porosity,
Materials characterization using X-ray imaging has enabled development of advanced composites that will open up new opportunities to improve manufacturing. In order to deploy reinforced materials, such as ceramic matrix composites (CMC), several structures must be accounted for at all times during tensile or compressive loading experiments. In collaboration with DOE imaging facilities, we have investigated data generated at X-ray beamlines for non-destructive three-dimensional characterization of objects. Experiments using X-ray are widely performed in academia and industry including medical imaging, material science, electronics, geology, and others. As a result of joint data exploration, we have developed FibriPy, a computer-aided fiber detector, tracker and analyzer designed to recognize patterns from micro-computed tomography (microCT). FibriPy is a software environment that combines user-friendly dashboards with programmable functions to support the analysis automation of 3D microCT stacks. While
This study evaluated the stress distribution in endodontically treated teeth, weakened (W) or not weakened (NW), restored with different materials of prosthetic crown using 3D-FEA. Models of a maxillary canine were constructed based on micro-CT images and divided into the groups: G1 (control) - sound tooth; G2 to G7 - endodontically treated teeth restored with glass fiber post (GFP); which G2 to G4 simulated NW root and G5 to G7 simulated W root. For crown material the teeth were restored with: G2 and G5: metallic coping and ceramic veneering, G3 and G6: zirconia coping and ceramic veneering, G4 and G7: alumina coping and ceramic veneering ...
Scattered photons highly degrade the quality of X-ray images and their effect has become more important due to the increasing interest in cone-beam geometry for the acquisition of CT (CBCT) and micro-CT data. The random nature of scatter events and the great i Scattered photons highly degrade the quality of X-ray images and their effect has become more important due to the increasing interest in cone-beam geometry for the acquisition of CT (CBCT) and micro-CT data. The random nature of scatter events and the great influence of the sample suggest that the most accurate methods for their estimation are Monte Carlo (MC) techniques, but their use is usually hampered by the large computation time required to obtain an acceptable estimation of the scattered radiation. We present an approach for scatter correction in CBCT by MC estimation, speeding up the computation by means of general purpose graphic processing units (GPGPU) and developing a framework for the automatic correction and reconstruction ...
© 2019 American Society for Surgery of the Hand Purpose: The anatomy of the radial head and capitellum has been extensively studied; however, the anatomy of the radial notch of the ulna (RNU) has received little attention. This imaging-based anatomic study characterizes the morphology of the RNU. Methods: Ninety-eight cadaveric arms (57 male, 72 ± 14 y) were imaged with computed tomography, and 3-dimensional reconstructions of the proximal ulna were constructed. The anteroposterior and proximal-distal dimensions of the RNU as well as the radius of curvature at standardized levels were measured in 2-mm increments. The orientation of the RNU was also determined. Results: The proximal-distal and anteroposterior dimensions of the RNU were 12 ± 2 mm (range, 7-16 mm) and 18 ± 3 mm (range, 12-24 mm), respectively. The average radius of curvature of the RNU was 15 ± 0 mm (range, 15-16 mm). The radius of curvature did not change significantly when comparing the proximal and distal aspect of the RNU. The RNU
In vivo animal testing has demonstrated that REGENESORB material is bioabsorbable and is replaced by bone. Implants (9x10 mm) were implanted in ovine cancellous bone and compared to an empty defect (9x10 mm) at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months (n=6). Micro-CT analysis demonstrated that by 24 months, bone in-growth into this material (289.5 mm3) was significantly greater (p,0.05) than bone in-growth into an empty defect (170.2mm3) and reaches a bone volume not statistically different from intact bone (188.2 mm3). Results of in vivo simulation have not been shown to quantitatively predict clinical performance. Data on file at Smith & Nephew in report 15000897 ...
Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology keeps pace with important advances in all spheres of the neurologic and ophthalmologic sciences. Clinicians and researchers worldwide report on recent developments in diagnosing and treating ophthalmologic, neurologic, endocrine, inflammatory, and neoplastic conditions affecting the oculomotor and visual systems. The Journal publishes original, peer-reviewed articles on both clinical and basic aspects of neuro-ophthalmology. Other regular features include reviews, Viewpoints, Photoessays, editorials, letters, and special features including interviews, historical vignettes, and NANOS news.
I focus on verification of true bone matrix (or when relevant, cartilage matrix) production, including crosslinked type I collagen in extracellular matrix, separated from the surrounding extracellular fluid by epithelial-like osteoblats. I have particular expertise in analysis of transport by bone of mineral and acid to produce matrix.. Methods include advanced microscopy of bone with and without decalcification, and in some cases electron microscopy. I have and run Bruker micro-CT analysis. I have equipment to make and analyze cell membrane vesicles and vesicle ion transport. I do sections of bone with and without decalcification and analysis of extracellular bone matrix. We run common biochemical methods including quantitative PCR and fluorescent labels for cell preparations, including digital analysis of labeling using inverted fluorescence microscopes. ...
inproceedings{BUT92712, author=Petr {Marcián} and Libor {Borák} and Zdeněk {Majer} and Zdeněk {Florian} and Jozef {Kaiser} and Veronika {Konečná}, title=The computational model of dental implant interaction with bone tissue, annote=The paper deals with computational modeling of dental implant interaction with bone tissue using advanced geometry model of mandible. The bone model includes detailed trabecular architecture which is based on micro-CT data. Implant interaction with cortical bone as well as with trabeculae under mechanical loading and using this advanced model is assessed by means of implant displacements and bone strain intensity., address=British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data, booktitle=Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 2012, chapter=92712, howpublished=online, institution=British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data, year=2012, month=june, pages=910--915, publisher=British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data, ...
This report describes the first human retrieval of a polycarbonate-urethane (PCU) acetabular cup implanted for 10.5 months that was revised for pain of unknown origin. By using a micro-CT analysis, the articulating surface was determined to have a wear rate of less than 1.4 mm3 per year. An analysis of the synovial fluid retrieved at the time of revision found an average particle size of 1 μm diameter. Overall, the surgical findings and analysis were consistent with the results observed in laboratory and animal studies. The histology and synovial fluid analysis found sparse evidence of particulate debris and no synovitis, indicating the potential of this articulating material for use as a bearing surface.. ...
In life science, the most interesting milestone was in 2002, when we started to produce the first in-vivo MicroCT system in the world, which was designed for non-invasive small animal 3D imaging in model studies for human drug development. This changed the strategic landscape of drug development dramatically. Prior to 2002, all pharmaceutical companies and research groups working in drug development conducted their trials using a huge number of mice. They injected half of the mice with the drug, and used the other half as a reference group - each day, five or so mice from each group would be killed, and thin slices of tissue would be examined under a microscope in attempt to understand the differences between the two groups. Clearly, this type of study costs a lot of money, kills a lot of animals, and is very labour-intensive. Importantly, it only produces qualitative results, as it relies on experts comparing what they can see under the microscope from image to image. With micro-tomography, ...
It is becoming increasingly important to assess the amount of adipose tissue (fat) in animals in order to characterize its role in not only obesity, but also various metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, or cardiovascular diseases. In vivo microCT is a non-invasive technique that allows for repeated measurements in the same animal, making it possible to follow disease progression and treatment effect in a longitudinal manner. Adipose tissue is composed mostly of adipocytes and its role is to store energy in the form of lipids ...
Abstract Objectives Tubules dominate the microstructure of dentin, and in crowns of human teeth they are surrounded by thick mineralized peritubular cuffs of high stiffness. Here we examine the three-dimensional (3D) arrangement of tubules in relation to enamel on the buccal and lingual aspects of intact premolars and molars. Specifically we investigate the angular orientation…
Edinburgh, Scotland: Proceedings of the Annual Workshop of COST Action FP0802: Micro-characterisation of wood materials and properties , 2012. , 40-41 p. ...
Fibrous structures mimicking the morphology of the natural extracellular matrix are considered promising scaffolds for tissue engineering. This work aims to develop a novel hierarchical starch-based scaffold. Such scaffolds were obtained by a combination of starch-polycaprolactone micro- and polycaprolactone nano-motifs, respectively produced by rapid prototyping (RP) and electrospinning techniques. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography analysis showed the successful fabrication of a multilayer scaffold composed of parallel aligned microfibres in a grid-like arrangement, intercalated by a mesh-like structure with randomly distributed nanofibres (NFM). Human osteoblast-like cells were dynamically seeded on the scaffolds, using spinner flasks, and cultured for 7…. ...
Micro Photonics Inc. is offering the SkyScan 1272, a benchtop x-ray micro-CT (computed tomography) system from Bruker MicroCT that can nondestructivel
Cover: How other animals see the world has always intrigued us, not least because their eyes are often notably different from ours. In visually mediated decision making, regional specialisations of eyes largely determine the information animals have for critical judgements. Bagheri et al. (jeb210195) present a new method for estimating the spatial resolution of compound eyes, using 3D micro-CT images of preserved animals. This method estimates the way in which a compound eye samples the visual field by mapping the viewing directions of individual photoreceptors (white dots) and calculating spatial resolution in different directions of view. This study reveals that fiddler crabs see the world with two parallel streaks located just above and below the visual horizon. Picture credit: Zahra Bagheri and Jeremy Shaw. ...
Ismael Himar Falcon‐Suarez, Giorgos Papageorgiou, Zhaoyu Jin, Andrea Muñoz‐Ibáñez, Mark Chapman, Angus I. Best (2020). CO2‐Brine Substitution Effects on Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Through Sandstone With Oblique Fractures. 10.1029/2020GL088439. Ben Callow, Ismael Falcon-Suarez, Hector Marin-Moreno, Jonathan M Bull, Sharif Ahmed (2020). Optimal X-ray micro-CT image based methods for porosity and permeability quantification in heterogeneous sandstones. 10.1093/gji/ggaa321. Ismael Himar Falcon-Suarez, Laurence North, Ben Callow, Gaye Bayrakci, Jon Bull, Angus Best (2020). Experimental assessment of the stress-sensitivity of combined elastic and electrical anisotropy in shallow reservoir sandstones. 10.1190/geo2019-0612.1. */ Marcella Dean, Jerry Blackford, Douglas Connelly, Rob Hines (2020). Insights and guidance for offshore CO2 storage monitoring based on the QICS, ETI MMV, and STEMM-CCS projects. 10.1016/j.ijggc.2020.103120. Christoph Böttner, Matthias Haeckel, Mark Schmidt, Christian ...
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Histologic section; Micro-computed tomography (μCT, micro-CT); Quantitative bone morphometry; Bone architecture; Trabecular bone; Iliac ...
Joachim Ohser and Dascha Dobrovolskij of the University of Applied Sciences in Darmstadt, Germany, together with Jorge Lacayo-Pineda of Continental, and Matthew Putman of the imaging company Nanotronics in New York, US, wanted to determine whether a new imaging platform developed by Nanotronics, nSPEC 3D, could offer an alternative, foolproof method of estimating the size distribution. Based on radiometric stereo microscopy, the method involves illuminating a sample with six LEDs around the microscopes objective, pointing inwards at 45°. The six resultant 2D images are combined by a Nanotronics algorithm to produce a 3D, stereoscopic image of the samples surface.. At the ESRF beamline ID19, Ohser could compare the size distribution of filler particles in rubber samples given by nSPEC 3D with that given by the gold standard of 3D tomography, synchrotron microtomography. The application of coherent illumination combined with phase-retrieval techniques [at ID19] allowed 3D image acquisition ...
Joachim Ohser and Dascha Dobrovolskij of the University of Applied Sciences in Darmstadt, Germany, together with Jorge Lacayo-Pineda of Continental, and Matthew Putman of the imaging company Nanotronics in New York, US, wanted to determine whether a new imaging platform developed by Nanotronics, nSPEC 3D, could offer an alternative, foolproof method of estimating the size distribution. Based on radiometric stereo microscopy, the method involves illuminating a sample with six LEDs around the microscopes objective, pointing inwards at 45°. The six resultant 2D images are combined by a Nanotronics algorithm to produce a 3D, stereoscopic image of the samples surface.. At the ESRF beamline ID19, Ohser could compare the size distribution of filler particles in rubber samples given by nSPEC 3D with that given by the gold standard of 3D tomography, synchrotron microtomography. The application of coherent illumination combined with phase-retrieval techniques [at ID19] allowed 3D image acquisition ...
Main bone parameters from analysis: TV (total volume [mm3]), BV (bone volume [mm3]), BV/TV, Tb.Th (thickness of the trabecular structure), Tb.N (number of trabeculae), Tb.Sp (trabecular separation ...
One my images is featured on our OBCD website as Image of the Month. It represents a 3D reconstruction of a mouse femoral trabecular bone micro-CT. The black and white section on the left is the original unaltered reconstruction, the coloured image in the middle represents the trabecular bone thickness, and the bubbly section on the right illustrates spacing in between the trabeculae. ...
It can hardly be argued that cardiac imaging methodologies targeting small-animal models have been crucial for rapidly transitioning therapies from bench to bedside. The adaptation of ultrasound for imaging murine hearts, for example, has allowed characterization of the developing and adult rodent heart, making it an essential tool for the study of developmental biology and cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, additional imaging tools may prove useful adjuncts and/or alternatives to such established traditional modalities.. Ideally, a cardiovascular imaging modality should provide structural-functional quantitation and be noninvasive, fast, cost effective, precise, and accurate. Although the combination of echocardiography and small-animal cardiac magnetic resonance has been proven to meet several of these criteria, there is certainly room for other modalities to be used as well. At our institution, experimentation with a micro-computed tomography (CT) scanner eventually produced ...
NEW PRODUCT: SkyScanTM 1278, the worlds fastest, low-dose, high-resolution micro-CT: With the launch of the next-generation SkyScan 1278 micro-CT system for in vivo X-ray computed tomography, Bruker is addressing the latest needs of preclinical imaging scientists striving to reduce the radiation dose used in animal studies, while maintaining highest image quality. As part of the development, Bruker has created a new micro-CT spatial beam shaper, which reduces the absorbed dose by up to five times, while maintaining high quality image output. The SkyScan 1278 has a highly sensitive flat-panel detector that is able to deliver images of mouse heart and lung activities even without a contrast agent. Such images allow the user to explore cardiac and respiratory function, while reducing animal stress and the cost of the study. A full-body animal scan can take 8 seconds or less, reducing run times and increasing the speed of data collection. FIRST CUSTOMER INSTALLATION: Bruker announces the first ...
Video created by Duke University, North Carolina State University, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill for the course Nanotechnology: A Makers Course. In this module, we will see demonstrations of micro-computed tomography, X-ray ...
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Jie Tang1 ,Yanjun Li1 ,Jiayuan Xu1 ,Wen Qin1 ,Qian Su2 ,Qiang Xu1 ,Bing Liu3 ,Tianzi Jiang3 ,Chunshui Yu1 1 Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, Peoples Republic of China. 2 School of Medical Imaging and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, Peoples Republic of China. 3 Brainnetome Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, Peoples Republic of China. Abstract. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) affects brain connectivity via modulating the dopamine system, with an expected greater effect of haplotypes than single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The action pathway from COMT to dopamine to connectivity is theoretically dependent on the gene expression of dopamine receptors. Here, we aimed to investigate the impact of COMT haplotypes on brain functional connectivity density (FCD) in ...
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are effective anti-inflammatory agents commonly used to suppress autoimmune diseases; however, their beneficial effects are countered by the efficiency to which GCs deteriorate bone mineral density. We show here that the molecular mechanisms contributing to this bone loss may be linked to the ability of GCs to suppress the cell cycle, Krox20, and Wnt signaling. GCs inhibit cell cycle progression in primary osteoblast cultures in a developmental- and stage-specific manner attributable to suppression of cyclin A. Analysis of the cyclin A promoter revealed that Atf4 regulates GC-mediated inhibition of cyclin A expression through a Creb/Atf site. In addition to the anti-proliferative effect of GCs, we show that Egr2/Krox20 is required for GC-mediated repression of osteocalcin, an osteoblast specific gene and that Egr family members are down-regulated by GCs. Furthermore, micro-computed tomographic analysis of Krox20 heterozygous mice revealed decreased trabecular bone mineral ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Determination of bioceramic filler distribution and porosity of self-reinforced bioabsorbable composites using micro-computed tomography. AU - Niemelä, T.. AU - Aydogan, D. B.. AU - Hannula, M.. AU - Hyttinen, J.. AU - Kellomäki, M.. PY - 2011/5/1. Y1 - 2011/5/1. N2 - A micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) image analysis was used in the micro-structural analysis of self-reinforced bioabsorbable osteoconductive composites. The composites studied were known to have a porous structure, but the total porosity of these composites had not been measured due to lack of interconnected pores. The micro-structure of the composites studied has previously been estimated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This yielded a very rough estimation of the micro-structure based only on the surface estimate and thus more precise μ-CT image analyses of the total porosity and volumetric filler distribution were done. The present study was performed on five different composites manufactured with ...
© 2019 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved. BACKGROUND: X-ray computed tomography (CT) can non-destructively examine objects by producing three-dimensional images of their internal structure. Although the availability of biomedical micro-CT offers the increased access to scanners, CT images of dense objects are susceptible to artifacts particularly due to beam hardening. OBJECTIVE: This study proposes and evaluates a simple semi-empirical correction method for beam hardening and scatter that can be applied to biomedical scanners. METHODS: Novel calibration phantoms of varying diameters were designed and built from aluminum and poly[methyl-methacrylate]. They were imaged using two biomedical micro-CT scanners. Absorbance measurements made through different phantom sections were fit to polynomial and inversely exponential functions and used to determine linearization parameters. Corrections based on the linearization equations were applied to the projection data before reconstruction.
Also, the second part of table 15 compares the results of our µCT-based FEM analysis for different modelling approaches with experimental data. Since trabecular bone volume fraction significantly affects its Youngs modulus, the values of bone volume fraction for experimental data are also included. The experimental data clearly show an increase in bone modulus with bone volume fraction. Our experimental results compare well with the experimental values reported in literature for trabecular bone of comparable porosity [102]. However, both our modelling and experimental results for Youngs modulus of trabecular bone are on the lower side of the values reported in literature. This might be due to the fact that the specific bone samples used to create the FEM model and to do compression testing were from an old (88-year-old) donor and, consequently, were very porous. Another reason for the poor results of our experimental data may be the systematic errors in the platen compression test of ...
High resolution micro-CT images of porous rocks provide a very useful starting point to the development of pore-scale models of fluid flow and transport. Following a literature review covering recent results on the applicability of tomographic imaging to study reaction phenomena at the pore and core scales, this thesis presents a pore-scale streamline-based reactive transport model to simulate rock dissolution. The focus is on carbonate dissolution in CO2-saturated fluids. After injecting CO2-rich fluids into carbonate reservoirs, chemical reactions between the acidic fluid and the host rock are to be expected. Such reactions may cause significant variations in the flow and transport properties of the reservoir, with possible consequences for field development and monitoring. The interplay between flow and reaction exhibits a very rich behaviour that has not yet been fully understood, especially in the case of carbonate rocks, which possess a complex pore structure. The model is developed within ...
We and others have used pre-clinical ultrasound to visualize cardiac dynamics in developing chick and mouse embryos (Broekhuizen et al.,1999; Phoon,2001; Butcher et al.,2007a). Ultrasound has the advantage of high ungated temporal resolution (over 250 frames/sec), but can also be gated for better resolution. For small animals, information gained is almost exclusively 2D with spatial resolution ∼30-50 μ. Contrast for ultrasound is challenging in embryos, as microbubble size is not negligible in relation to vessel diameter and are challenging to inject (Alter et al.,2009). 3D micro-MRI manipulates intrinsic magnetic properties of tissues to generate contrast and can achieve spatial resolutions less than 20 μ for fixed tissues. In addition, manipulation of electron spins with magnetic stimulation can help improve tissue contrast locally without the need of exogenous dyes. Isotropic voxel size, however, is inversely proportional to the size of the volume interrogated, which limits the ability to ...
A new approach is using cardiac phase space tomography analysis and advanced machine learning to detect significant coronary artery disease.
Hydro-gel-based cardiac tissue engineering offers great promise for myocardial infarction repair. The ability to visualize engineered systems in vivo in animal models is desired to monitor the performance of cardiac constructs. However, due to the low density and weak X-ray attenuation of hydro-gels, conventional radiography and micro-computed tomography are unable to visualize the hydro-gel cardiac constructs upon their implantation, thus limiting their use in animal systems. This paper presents a study on the optimization of synchrotron X-ray propagation-based phase-contrast imaging computed tomography (PCI-CT) for three-dimensional (3D) visualization and assessment of the hydro-gel cardiac patches. First, alginate hydro-gel was 3D-printed into…. ...
OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) in controlling the growth of an experimental osteosarcoma in mice by performing retrovirus-mediated sFlt-1 gene modification. METHODS: From March to October 2010 human osteosarcoma G-292 cells were in vitro infected with retroviral vectors encoding soluble Flt-1 or LacZ gene before transplanted into proximal tibiae of immune deficient SCID mice to establish experimental orthotopic osteosarcoma. Daily observation and biweekly microCT were performed to monitor tumor development and progression till sacrifice at 8 weeks after tumor cell inoculation for histological and molecular analyses. RESULTS: Successful transgene expression was confirmed in the culture media of sFlt-1 transduced G-292 cells using ELISA, and with positive X-gal staining of the LacZ transduced cells. Noteworthy tumors were grown in all mice on the tibiae receiving G-292 cell inoculation, with clear detection on microCT images starting 2 weeks after ...
Dans la peau de Romundina stellina Ørvig, 1975 (Vertebrata, Placodermi, Acanthothoraci). Anatomie crânienne dun des premiers gnathostomes révélée par tomographie synchrotron en contraste de phase. Being Romundina stellina Ørvig, 1975 (Vertebrata, Placodermi, Acanthothoraci). Intracranial anatomy of one of the deepest gnathostomes revealed by synchrotron tomography in phase contrast protocole. The acanthothoracid placoderms (armored fishes) are the most basal and primitive gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates; 1). However, their endocranial morphology is poorly understood, and only one genus (Brindabellaspis) has been described thoroughly (2).. Here we present the 3D reconstruction of a subcomplete skull of Romundina stellina Ørvig, 3, from the Lochkovian of Prince of Wales Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The specimen was imaged in 3D with propagation phase contrast microtomography (4) on the ID19 beamline of the ESRF, using a 7.45 µm isotropic voxel size.. Most features are properly ...
M. A. Boone, De Kock, T., Dewanckele, J., Cnudde, V., Boone, M. N., Van Loo, D., Van de Casteele, E., De Schutter, G., and Jacobs, P., Three-dimensional monitoring of physical weathering in limestone with X-ray computed microtomography (micro-CT), in 12th Euroseminar on Microscopy Applied to Building Materials (EMABM), 2009. ...
Since 2014 I have been on a Nutritional Balancing program that was designed for me specifically based on my tissue mineral levels from a simple-to-collect hair sample.. Despite being into health all of my adult life starting in my mid-teens and thinking that I was in the best health I could possibly be in my experience with Nutritional Balancing and Hair Tissue Mineral Testing has proved otherwise. I began for instance to take vitamins and minerals in my mid-teens about the same time I began to exercise regularly. Despite 20+ years of taking these expensive supplements to my diet and eating an organic diet of healthy food I was incredibly deficient as seen on my hair test. I will show you the evidence of this later in this article.. After dramatic health changes took place from being on this program I became a Nutritional Balancing Practitioner in 2016 so I can help others to change their health dramatically as well. The insights are just far too profound. I realize now it should be the bare ...
CLOE-01b]P. Cloetens, Ludwig, W., Boller, E., Guigay, J. P., Peyrin, F., and Schlenker, M., Microtomography using coherent synchrotron rayonnement, 5th Harima International Forum New Aspects of X-ray Imaging Technology with Synchrotron Radiation : Present Status and Future Possibility 11-14 Juillet 2001. Hyogo, Japan, p. 22, 2001. ...
screen, microscope optics, and a low-noise CCD camera, operated at x-ray energies between 10 and 50 keV. Good image quality is achieved if the depth of focus of the optical system is matched to the x-ray absorption length or thickness of the scintillator. A spatial resolution of 0.8 µm fwhm (1000 line pairs/mm with 10% contrast) was measured by recording the interferogram of a boron fiber. First applications in phase contrast imaging and microtomography are shown.. © 1998 Optical Society of America. Full Article , PDF Article ...
...LEMONT Ill. An international team of scientists using a new X-ray...This result showcases a new method to advance biological research and ...Scientists at Northwestern University and the Karlsruher Institut fr T...The results titled X-ray phase-contrast in vivo microtomography probe...,New,X-ray,method,shows,how,frog,embryos,could,help,thwart,disease,biological,biology news articles,biology news today,latest biology news,current biology news,biology newsletters
We present an application of 3D X-ray computed microtomography for studying the influence of numerical cementation on flow in a cement-lined rough-walled fracture. The imaged fracture geometry serves...
David graduated in 1999 with a BSc in Physics and then went on to develop detector control hardware for the ATLAS detector at CERN, before returning to QMUL to gain a PhD. As part of the PhD he discovered the phenomena of Solidification Driven Extrusion.. He joined the Dental Institute in 2009 to work on designing and building a new microtomography scanner to image sealed parchment rolls and other heritage artefacts. As part of his interest in heritage science, David sits on the Heritage Science Committee of the Royal Society of Chemistry.. David is also interested in mineralised tissues, specifically comparative anatomy and development of mammalian and reptilian teeth.. David is currently the XMT facilities manager in the Dental Institute.. Centre: Oral Bioengineering ...
This overview first summarizes the last decade of continuous developments and improvements in pre‐clinical imaging methods that are now essential tools for in vivo evaluation of cardiac morphology and function in living mice, involving nuclear emission of labeled molecules (micro‐PET and micro‐SPECT) and electromagnetic wave interactions with biological tissues (micro‐CT and micro‐MRI)
The effective porosity is an important quantitative parameter for food products that has a significant effect on taste and quality. It is challenging to quantify the apparent porosity of fried potato crisps as they have a thin irregularly shaped cross section containing oil and water. This study uses a novel micro-CT technique to determine the solid volume fraction and hence the effective porosity of three types of potato crisps: standard continuously fried crisps, microwaved crisps, and continuously fried kettle crisps ...
3D models free: Miscellaneous free 3D models, Texturing page:6 of 7. Machinery appliances equipment machines, gear, technology mechanism, tools, paraphernalia instruments, etc.- free 3D model index
High-speed non-destructive testing: AMS is a leading provider of high-speed non-destructive testing, flaw detection and parts cleaning services for the Auto
Installing Bacula Windows Client So we have configured Bacula in Bacula with Tape Autochanger and it working, so Now we need to make it works with Windows Client and Windows Cluster. I actually use this on Windows 8.1 and Windows 2012 R2 and it works. I also am successfully using this to backup Windows 2012 R2 Hyper-V Virtual Machines in a clustered environment, and Windows
Micro-focus Real-time Imaging Non-destructive Testing System Micro-focus Real-time Imaging Non-destructive Testing System Micro-focus real-time imaging non-destructive testing system is applied in the fields of non-destructive testing (NDT) and non-destructive evaluation (NDE). It is an advanced NDT....... ...
Mineral analysis, a hairy tool for preventive health. When Gold Medalist and three-time National Dressage Competitor Shannon Peters...
Zulma Gazit is the author of these articles in the Journal of Visualized Experiments: Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ve Osteogenezi-anjiyogenez bağlamalar Optik Görüntüleme Kranial Kemik Otogreftlerin ve allogreft Entegrasyon değerlendirmek için, Semiautomated boyuna Microcomputed tomografi tabanlı nicel yapısal analizi bir çıplak sıçan vertebra kırığı Osteoporoz ile ilgili Model
Gadi Pelled is the author of these articles in the Journal of Visualized Experiments: Bilgisayarlı Tomografi ve Osteogenezi-anjiyogenez bağlamalar Optik Görüntüleme Kranial Kemik Otogreftlerin ve allogreft Entegrasyon değerlendirmek için, Semiautomated boyuna Microcomputed tomografi tabanlı nicel yapısal analizi bir çıplak sıçan vertebra kırığı Osteoporoz ile ilgili Model
يسعدنا التعامل مع الطلب و إبلاغك بالتفصيل عن خدماتنا. الحقول المشار إليها بعلامة * إلزامية للمعالجة السريعة والمختصة لطلبك. على سبيل المثال ، بيانات الرمز البريدي والبلد تساعدنا في إعادة توجيه الطلب بأسرع ما يمكن إلى الشخص المناسب للتواصل في نفس بلدك. ...