Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic zoonotic agent in the family Paramyxoviridae that is maintained in nature by bats. Outbreaks have occurred in Malaysia, Singapore, India, and Bangladesh and have been associated with 40 to 75% case fatality rates. There are currently no vaccines or postexposure treatments licensed for combating human NiV infection. Four groups of ferrets received a single vaccination with different recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vectors expressing: Group 1, control with no glycoprotein; Group 2, the NiV fusion protein (F); Group 3, the NiV attachment protein (G); and Group 4, a combination of the NiV F and G proteins. Animals were challenged intranasally with NiV 28 days after vaccination. Control ferrets in Group 1 showed characteristic clinical signs of NiV disease including respiratory distress, neurological disorders, viral load in blood and tissues, and gross lesions and antigen in target tissues; all animals in this group succumbed to infection by day 8. Importantly

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a prototype of the Rhabdoviridae family, contains a single surface glycoprotein (G) that is responsible for attachment to cells and mediates membrane fusion. Working with the Indiana serotype of VSV, we employed a reverse genetic approach to produce fully authentic recombinant viral particles bearing lethal mutations in the G gene. By altering the hydrophobicity of the two fusion loops within G, we produced a panel of mutants, W72A, Y73A, Y116A, and A117F, that were nonfusogenic. Propagation of viruses bearing those lethal mutations in G completely depended on complementation by expression of the glycoprotein from the heterologous New Jersey serotype of VSV. The nonfusogenic G proteins oligomerize and are transported normally to the cell surface but fail to mediate acid pH-triggered membrane fusion. The nonfusogenic G proteins also interfered with the ability of wild-type G to mediate fusion, either by formation of mixed trimers or by inhibition of trimer ...

Vesicular stomatitis virus of the New Jersey serotype (VSV-NJ) causes vesicular disease in cattle, pigs, and horses throughout the Americas. Vesicular disease is clinically indistinguishable from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). Therefore, outbreaks of vesicular disease in FMD-free areas must be rapidly diagnosed by laboratory methods and affected farms must be quarantined until laboratory results confirm the absence of FMD. Diagnosis is currently performed in high-containment (biosafety level 3) laboratories by using complement fixation and virus isolation in tissue culture. We describe here an alternative method for the detection of VSV-NJ RNA in clinical samples. This method includes a rapid acid guanidine-phenol RNA extraction procedure coupled with a one-tube polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using reverse transcriptase. By using this test, we were able to detect the largest number of positive samples (53 of 58), followed by complement (48 of 58) and isolation in tissue culture (43 of 58). The ...

Vesicular stomatitis is an economically important arboviral disease of livestock. Viremia is absent in infected mammalian hosts, and the mechanism by which insects become infected with the causative agents, vesicular stomatitis viruses, remains unknown. Because infected and noninfected insects potentially feed on the same host in nature, infected and noninfected black flies were allowed to feed on the same host. Viremia was not detected in the host after infection by a black fly bite, but because noninfected black flies acquired the virus while co-feeding on the same host with infected black flies, it is concluded that a viremic host is not necessary for an insect to be infected with the virus. Thus co-feeding is a mechanism of infection for an insect-transmitted virus. ...

A full-length cDNA copy of the phosphoprotein (NS) mRNA of vesicular stomatitis virus (New Jersey serotype) was inserted into pGEM4 vector downstream of the promoter for bacteriophage SP6 RNA polymerase. Transcription of the cDNA in vitro resulted in the synthesis of NS mRNA, which was subsequently translated into NS protein in a cell-free rabbit reticulocyte system. The biological activity of the expressed NS protein was demonstrated by in vitro synthesis of mRNA by transcription-reconstitution with purified viral L protein and N-RNA template. Deletion mapping of the NS gene defined a specific domain between amino acid residues 213 and 247, which was essential for in vitro transcription. Removal of the COOH-terminal 21 amino acids, on the other hand, did not have a significant effect on transcription. This domain appears to be involved in efficient binding of NS protein to the N protein-RNA template. ...

Oncolytic virus (OV) therapy takes advantage of common cancer characteristics, such as defective type I interferon (IFN) signaling, to preferentially infect and kill cancer cells with viruses. Our recent study (Murphy et al., 2012. J. Virol. 86, 3073-87) found human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma …

VSIV is an arbovirus. Natural VSIV infections encompass two steps, cytolytic infections of mammalian hosts and transmission by insects. In insects, infections are noncytolytic persistent. One confirmed vector of the virus is the phlebotomine sand fly Lutzomyia shannoni.[3] Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus (VSIV) is the prototypic member of the genus Vesiculovirus of the family Rhabdoviridae. The genome of the virus is a single molecule of negative-sense RNA that encodes five major proteins: G protein (G), large protein (L), phosphoprotein, matrix protein (M) and nucleoprotein. The genome is 11,161 nucleotides long.[4] The VSIV G protein enables viral entry. It mediates viral attachment to an LDL receptor (LDLR) or an LDLR family member present on the host cell.[5] Following binding the VSIV-LDLR complex is rapidly endocytosed It then mediates fusion of the viral envelope with the endosomal membrane. VSIV enters the cell through partially clathrin-coated vesicles; virus-containing vesicles ...

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.00499-19 Interpretive Summary: Vesicular stomatitis (VS) is caused by vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), an infectious agent belonging to the Rhabdoviridae family and the genus vesiculovirus, where vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus (VSIV) and VSNJV are the two main serotypes. The negative sense, single stranded RNA genome of VSV is about 11 kb, and encodes five structural proteins: nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), glycoprotein (G) and polymerase (L). VS is confined to the Americas, where VSNJV is the serotype responsible for the majority of the clinical cases reported annually in livestock. In Mexico, VSV is endemic in the southern states of Chiapas, Tabasco and Veracruz, where multiple phylogenetic analysis have shown the great genetic diversity associated with the concurrent circulation of multiple lineages. A relevant aspect of these endemic lineages is that some of them may become the precursors of the epidemic lineages responsible ...

0025] In certain other embodiments, the VSV vector of the immunogenic composition comprises a G.sub.(ct) mutation and a M.sub.(ncp) mutation. In another embodiment, the G protein encoded by the truncated G gene has a cytoplasmic tail domain consisting of one amino acid (G.sub.(ct-1)) or a cytoplasmic tail domain consisting of nine amino acids (G.sub.(ct-9)). In another embodiment, the M.sub.(ncp) mutation is a mutation of methionine to alanine at position 33 (M33A) and a mutation of methionine to alanine at position 51 (M51A) of the M protein. In one particular embodiment, the immunogenic composition comprises a mutated VSV genome of 3-NPM.sub.(ncp)G.sub.(ct-1)L-5 or 3-NPM.sub.(ncp)G.sub.(ct-9)L-5. In yet other embodiments, the VSV vector of the immunogenic composition further comprises a third class of mutation in its genome, wherein the mutation is a ts mutation, a point mutation, a gene shuffling mutation, a G-stem mutation, an ambisense RNA mutation, a G gene insertion mutation and a ...

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Restitution of infectivity to spikeless vesicular stomatitis virus by solubilized viral components.: Noninfectious spikeless particles have been obtained from v

TY - JOUR. T1 - Overlapping and distinct molecular determinants dictating the antiviral activities of TRIM56 against flaviviruses and coronavirus. AU - Liu, Baoming. AU - Li, Nan L.. AU - Wang, Jie. AU - Shi, Pei Yong. AU - Wang, Tianyi. AU - Miller, Mark A.. AU - Li, Kui. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014. N2 - The tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) proteins have emerged as a new class of host antiviral restriction factors, with several demonstrating roles in regulating innate antiviral responses. Of,70 known TRIMs, TRIM56 inhibits replication of bovine viral diarrhea virus, a ruminant pestivirus of the family Flaviviridae, but has no appreciable effect on vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a rhabdovirus. Yet the antiviral spectrum of TRIM56 remains undefined. In particular, how TRIM56 impacts human-pathogenic viruses is unknown. Also unclear are the molecular determinants governing the antiviral activities of TRIM56. Herein, we show that TRIM56 poses a barrier to infections by yellow fever virus (YFV), ...

Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: The biting midge Culicoides sonorensis, a known arboviral insect vector, has been implicated as a possible vector for vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in the western United States. Within a competent insect vector, virus from a meal must be able to penetrate the midgut barrier, infect the midgut epithelium, replicate, and disseminate to the epidemiologically significant organs; salivary glands and eggs. This amplification and dissemination must occur without significant damage to the insects cells. Infection studies were performed in both Culicoides cell lines and insects to examine the replication of VSV. In vitro, Culicoides cells were susceptible and permissive. VSV infections were productive and persistent resulting in little or no cytopathology or apoptosis. In vivo, RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and electron microscopy revealed that VSV was able to escape the midgut barrier, disseminate quickly and replicate in epithelial, neural and hemolymph ...

We previously reported that resting mouse peritoneal macrophages (PM) constitutively express low levels of IFN-gamma, whose production is consistently enhanced by exogenous IFN-gamma. In this study, we investigated the effects of IL-12 on the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus and on IFN-gamma gene expression in mouse PM. The addition of IL-12 to freshly explanted PM resulted in the persistence of an antiviral state to vesicular stomatitis virus, while control PM progressively became permissive for virus replication after 3 to 4 days in culture. The IL-12-induced antiviral state was inhibited by Abs to IFN-gamma, suggesting that endogenous IFN-gamma was largely responsible for this antiviral response. Moreover, IL-12 induced a consistent secretion of IFN-gamma, especially in cultured PM. The IL-1 2-induced antiviral state and IFN-gamma production were observed using PM from various strains of mice, including LPS-defective C3H/HeJ, NK-deficient bg/bg, DBA/2, Swiss (CD1), and Swiss nude ...

In our laboratory we routinely produce and apply vectors derived from the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Since lentiviral vectors (LV) integrate stably into the host-cell genome of non-dividing cells such as neurons and in haematopoietic stem cells [1-3], they offer great potential for gene therapeutic applications [4]. For biosafety reasons, the HIV-1 genome has been modified and cis and trans-acting viral sequences have been segregated over 3 to 4 different plasmids [5, 6]. Indeed, viral structural and functional proteins can be provided in trans and are encoded by 1 or 2 packaging plasmids while the envelope plasmid encodes the glycoprotein of the vesicular stomatitis virus envelope (VSV-G) and a transfer plasmid encodes the transgene of interest flanked by all cis-acting viral sequences necessary for packaging of the RNA genome (reviewed by [7]). Production of lentiviral vectors is routinely achieved by transient transfection of human embryonic kidney (293T) cells using high ...

Wyoming is now the fifth state to have a horse that has tested positive for vesicular stomatitis. The Wyoming Livestock Board says the affected horse was at the Cheyenne Frontier Days for five-days before the horses lesions were found.

Dairies need to keep a close eye out for vesicular stomatitis, and take action immediately to protect their herds - and Morgan County has quite a few dairies.

Dr. Rose earned his Ph.D. at Stanford University in 1973 in the laboratory of Dr. Charles Yanofsky. His thesis research focused on regulation of the tryptophan operon of E. coli. He then did postdoctoral research at MIT in the laboratories of Drs. David Baltimore and Harvey Lodish, where he began work on eucaryotic RNA viruses. In 1978, Dr. Rose took a faculty position at the Salk Institute, where he continued work on RNA virus transcription, as well as structure, function, and transport of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) glycoprotein. In 1986, he moved to become Professor of Pathology and Cell Biology at Yale University School of Medicine. In 1994, his laboratory developed a system for recovering non-segmented, negative-strand RNA viruses from DNA plasmids. His work at Yale during the past fifteen years has focused largely on new approaches to vaccine development using vectors based on recombinant VSV and other viral replicons. This work has led to development of robust vaccine platforms ...

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a potential oncolytic virus for treating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), an aggressive brain tumor. Matrix (M) protein mutants of VSV have shown greater selectivity for killing GBM cells versus normal brain cells than VSV with wild-type M protein. The goal of this research was to determine the contribution of death receptor and mitochondrial pathways to apoptosis induced by an M protein mutant (M51R) VSV in U87 human GBM tumor cells. Compared to controls, U87 cells expressing a dominant negative form of Fas (dnFas) or overexpressing Bcl-XL had reduced caspase-3 activation following infection with M51R VSV, indicating that both the death receptor pathway and mitochondrial pathways are important for M51R VSV-induced apoptosis. Death receptor signaling has been classified as type I or type II, depending on whether signaling is independent (type I) or dependent on the mitochondrial pathway (type II). Bcl-XL overexpression inhibited caspase activation in response to ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Myosin II is involved in the production of constitutive transport vesicles from the TGN. AU - Müsch, Anne. AU - Cohen, David. AU - Rodriguez-Boulan, Enrique. PY - 1997/7/28. Y1 - 1997/7/28. N2 - The participation of nonmuscle myosins in the transport of organelles and vesicular carriers along actin filaments has been documented. In contrast, there is no evidence for the involvement of myosins in the production of vesicles involved in membrane traffic. Here we show that the putative TGN coat protein p200 (Narula, N., I. McMorrow, G. Plopper, J. Doherty, K.S. Matlin, B. Burke, and J.L. Stow. 1992. J. Cell Biol. 114: 1113- 1124) is myosin II. The recruitment of myosin II to Golgi membranes is dependent on actin and is regulated by G proteins. Using an assay that studies the release of transport vesicles from the TGN in vitro we provide functional evidence that p200/myosin is involved in the assembly of basolateral transport vesicles carrying vesicular stomatitis virus G protein ...

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection causes adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), which is frequently resistant to current available therapies and has a very poor prognosis. To prevent the development of ATL among carriers it is important to control HTLV-1-infected cells in infected individuals. Therefore, the establishment of novel therapies with drugs specifically targeting infected cells is urgently required. This study aimed to develop a potential therapy by generating recombinant vesicular stomatitis viruses (rVSVs) that lack an envelope glycoprotein G and instead encode HTLV-1 receptor(s) with human glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), neuropilin 1 (NRP1), or heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) including syndecan 1 (SDC1), designated as VSVΔG-GL, VSVΔG-NP, or VSVΔG-SD, respectively ...

Cat stomatitis is a serious, excruciating aggravation of a felines mouth as well as the gums. Much of the time, the problem causes ulcers to structure inside the mouth; these ulcers can include in the throat, lips, gums, and the tongue. Cats or Felines of every age group or type could be influenced. Theres no single reason for cat stomatitis. Dental ailment (especially periodontal infection) is regularly involved as a reason for Feline Stomatitis. Periodontal malady results from the aggregation of plaque, microbes on teeth, which leads to irritation as well as inflammation including the gums and dental help components.. In most of the scenarios, The reason is believed to be defensive structure, a defense mechanism strikes its own dental cells to create a virus abnormally. Also, there are many causes for stomatitis in cats, which needs to be examined.. Symptoms: Stomatitis in cats is really an extremely painful condition. If you notice your cat with the pain or if she cant open her mouth then ...

Definition of feline ulcerative stomatitis in the Legal Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is feline ulcerative stomatitis? Meaning of feline ulcerative stomatitis as a legal term. What does feline ulcerative stomatitis mean in law?

Induction of B cell tolerance or activation was analyzed with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) glycoprotein (G) expressed as a neo-self Ag. A membrane form of VSV-G expressed in all tissues, including the bone marrow, induced unresponsiveness at both the Th and B cell level, whereas a soluble form of VSV-G expressed peripherally in liver and kidney did not tolerize B cells and only reversibly anergized Th cells. Interestingly, a similar correlation was found for activation of mature lymphocytes. When mature normal spleen cells were transferred into the two transgenic mouse lines, the membrane form of VSV-G was strongly immunogenic for both Th and B cells, and high VSV-G-specific IgG Ab titers were induced in these transgenic mice. In contrast, spleen cells transferred into mice expressing the soluble form of VSV-G were not activated, and no VSV-G specific Abs were induced. These results indicate that highly immunogenic Ags are strongly tolerogenic for both immature B and T cells.

Since the onset of antiviral therapy, viral resistance has compromised the clinical value of small-molecule drugs targeting pathogen components. As intracellular parasites, viruses complete their life cycle by hijacking a multitude of host-factors. Aiming at the latter rather than the pathogen directly, host-directed antiviral therapy has emerged as a concept to counteract evolution of viral resistance and develop broad-spectrum drug classes. This approach is propelled by bioinformatics analysis of genome-wide screens that greatly enhance insights into the complex network of host-pathogen interactions and generate a shortlist of potential gene targets from a multitude of candidates, thus setting the stage for a new era of rational identification of drug targets for host-directed antiviral therapies. With particular emphasis on human immunodeficiency virus and influenza virus, two major human pathogens, we review screens employed to elucidate host-pathogen interactions and discuss the state of database

Pretreatment of mouse L cells with mouse interferon (IFN) inhibits the penetration of vesicular stomatitis virus without affecting viral adsorption. The inhibition of virus uptake by IFN is dose dependent and, at the highest dose tested (1,000 units/ml), reaches 65%; 24 hr of treatment with IFN are required for maximal effect. A similar inhibition of uptake of virus occurs in human diploid fibroblasts and primary chicken embryo fibroblasts treated with homologous IFN. No significant inhibition occurs when cells are treated with heterologous IFN. These results document a previously unrecognized antiviral effect of IFN--namely, inhibition at the level of viral uptake.. ...

If you look up the words vesicular and stomatitis on Google, youll find vesicular means blister. Stomatitis is an inflammation of the mouth.

The oncolytic mutant vesicular stomatitis virus VSVΔ51 achieves robust efficacy in multiple extracranial tumor models. Yet for malignancies of the brain, direct intratumoral infusion of VSVΔ51 causes lethal virus-induced neuropathology. Here, we have developed a novel therapeutic regime that uses peripheral immunization with a single sub-lethal dose of VSVΔ51 to establish an acute anti-viral state that enables the safe intracranial (IC) infusion of an otherwise lethal dose of VSVΔ51 within just 6 hr. Although type I interferons alone appeared insufficient to explain this protective phenotype, serum isolated at early time points from primed animals conferred protection against an IC dose of virus ...

Since the development of vaccinia virus as a vaccine vector in 1984, the utility of numerous viruses in vaccination strategies has been explored. In recent years, key improvements to existing vectors such as those based on adenovirus have led to significant improvements in immunogenicity and efficacy. Furthermore, exciting new vectors that exploit viruses such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) have emerged. Herein, we summarize these recent developments in viral vector technologies, focusing on novel vectors based on CMV, VSV, measles and modified adenovirus. We discuss the potential utility of these exciting approaches in eliciting protection against infectious diseases ...

Type I interferons (IFN-I) are essential for organisms survival upon viral infection. During infection of the central nervous system (CNS) by neurotropic viruses, resident cells are mostly responsible for local IFN-I production. This IFN-I is crucial to restrict viral replication and spread awaiting the development of adaptive immunity that allows the clearance of the virus. Virtually all CNS cells can produce and respond to IFN-I. Firstly, we studied the specificity of neuronal response to IFN-I. In our laboratory, Sophie Paul had previously observed that mouse neurons treated with IFN-I remain susceptible to infection by two neurotropic viruses, Theilers virus and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), unlike other cell types. We demonstrated that neurons readily respond to IFN-I treatment by expressing antiviral genes. However, they display a specific gene expression signature. We determined that 15 genes, induced by IN-I in fibroblasts, are weakly or not expressed in neurons in response to ...

Provided by the Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, May 21, 2015 - As of May 13, Oklahoma issued emergency import requirements for livestock (equine, bovine, porcine, caprine, ovine or cervidae) entering the state from a county where vesicular stomatitis has been diagnosed within the last 30 days or a county that contains a premise quarantined for vesicular stomatitis shall be accompanied by a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection (CVI) dated within five days of entry containing the following statement ...

The number of participants with all grades of stomatitis was defined as the number of participants who had stomatitis grade 1 or higher. Grade 1 = minimal symptoms, normal diet; grade 2 = symptomatic, but able to swallow a modified diet; grade 3 = symptomatic and unable to aliment or hydrate orally; and grade 4 = symptoms associated with life-threatening consequences ...

1. CASE REPORT - Two cases of stomatitis related to fluoxetine intake in the treatment of depression are reported. A 24-year-old woman had been taking fluoxetine for 6 months and experienced six recurrent episodes of stomatitis without complete remission between outbreaks. When fluoxetine was discontinued the stomatitis resolved completely. A rechallenge with fluoxetine 7 months later caused the stomatitis to recur. A second case was reported in a 41-year-old female taking fluoxetine and bentazepam. After both drugs were discontinued the stomatitis resolved in two days. She refused rechallenge with fluoxetine (Palop et al, 1997 ...

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Study protocol for efficacy and safety of steroid-containing mouthwash to prevent chemotherapy-induced stomatitis in women with breast cancer: a multicentre, open-label, randomised phase 2 study ...

Everolimus-induced stomatitis did not negatively affect progression-free survival in patients with various types of cancer, such as breast cancer and renal cell carcinoma.

Stomatitis in cats is common and very painful. The symptoms are subtle. Soxs treatment made a wonderful difference. Visit the site or call 1300 838 336

A virus striking horses ill in Colorado has been found in 11 counties, including Larimer County, the hardest hit area with 70 confirmed cases of vesicular stomatitis.

Reto Guler from the Division of Immunology & International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnolog at the IDM, UCT will present the MCB seminar with a talk entitled, Host-directed drug therapy for tuberculosis. ...

TB stays a major reason for impairment and fatality worldwide as an approximated 8.6 million folks fell ill with TB as well as 1.3 million individuals pass

The preliminary stages of the Indiana State Cup, Presidents Cup and Challenge Cup were held at various locations at the weekend and featured delight and heartbreak in varying measures for Southern Indiana sides.Performance of the weekend came courtesy of Southern Indiana United U17 Renegade, who went through its Challenge Cup preliminary bracket with a 100…

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STATS Indiana is the statistical data utility for the State of Indiana, developed and maintained since 1985 by the Indiana Business Research Center at Indiana Universitys Kelley School of Business. Support is or has been provided by the State of Indiana and the Lilly Endowment, the Indiana Department of Workforce Development and Indiana University.. ...

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To investigate the importance of the rabies virus (RV) glycoprotein (G) in protection against rabies, we constructed a recombinant RV (rRV) in which the RV G ecto- and transmembrane domains were replaced with the corresponding regions of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) glycoprotein (rRV-VSV-G). We were able to recover rRV-VSV-G and found that particle production was equal to rRV. However, the budding of the chimeric virus was delayed and infectious titers were reduced 10-fold compared with the parental rRV strain containing RV G. Biochemical analysis showed equal replication rates of both viruses, and similar amounts of wild-type and chimeric G were present in the respective viral particles. Additional studies were performed to determine whether the immune response against rRV-VSV-G was sufficient to protect against rabies. Mice were primed with rRV or rRV-VSV-G and challenged with a pathogenic strain of RV 12 days later. Similar immune responses against the internal viral proteins of both ...

BROOMFIELD, Colo. - The Colorado Department of Agriculture has released the states final vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) quarantine, following the most extensive outbreak of the viral disease in more

Looking for online definition of recurrent ulcerative stomatitis in the Medical Dictionary? recurrent ulcerative stomatitis explanation free. What is recurrent ulcerative stomatitis? Meaning of recurrent ulcerative stomatitis medical term. What does recurrent ulcerative stomatitis mean?

416,531 to University of California, San Francisco for Interconception care among low-income women in California. $416,558 to Yale University School of Medicine for Vaginal Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation in Pelvic Organ Prolapse. $292,439 to Cornell University, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Medical College for Monitoring Response to Antiretroviral Therapy and Development of HIV-1 Drug Resistance. $416,557 to Wake Forest University School of Medicine for Oncolytic Vesicular Stomatitis Virus for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. $416,558 to University of California, Los Angeles under the ASH-AMFDP partnership for Identifying the erythroid regulator and defining its role in disease. $416,558 to Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles for Analysis of Risk Factors for the Development of Craniosynostosis: A Population-Based Environmental and Genetic Study. $416,560 to Johns Hopkins University for Neural and Cancer Stem Cells: Study of Migration and Transformation. $416,560 to Stanford University for The ...

The signals that direct membrane proteins to the apical or basolateral plasma membrane domains of polarized epithelial cells are not known. Several of the class of proteins anchored in the membrane by glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) are expressed on the apical surface of such cells. However, it is not known whether the mechanism of membrane anchorage or the polypeptide sequence provides the sorting information. The conversion of the normally basolateral vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV G) to a GPI-anchored protein led to its apical expression. Conversely, replacement of the GPI anchor of placental alkaline phosphatase with the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of VSV G shifted its expression from the apical to the basolateral surface. Thus, the mechanism of membrane anchorage can determine the sorting of proteins to the apical or basolateral surface, and the GPI anchor itself may provide an apical transport signal. ...

Precise control of interferons (IFNs) is crucial to maintain immune homeostasis. Here, we demonstrated that homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) was required for the production of type I IFNs in response to RNA virus infection. HIPK2 deficiency markedly impaired IFN production in macrophages after vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection, and HIPK2-deficient mice were more susceptible to lethal VSV disease than were wild-type mice. After VSV infection, HIPK2 was cleaved by active caspases, which released a hyperactive, N-terminal fragment that translocated to the nucleus and further augmented antiviral responses. In part, HIPK2 interacted with ELF4 and promoted its phosphorylation at Ser369, which enabled Ifn-b transcription. In addition, HIPK2 production was stimulated by type I IFNs to further enhance antiviral immunity. These data suggest that the kinase activity and nuclear localization of HIPK2 are essential for the production of type I IFNs. ...

The glycoside digitonin was used to selectively permeabilize the plasma membrane exposing functionally and morphologically intact ER and Golgi compartments. Permeabilized cells efficiently transported vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) through sealed, membrane-bound compartments in an ATP and cytosol dependent fashion. Transport was vectorial. VSV-G protein was first transported to punctate structures which colocalized with p58 (a putative marker for peripheral punctate pre-Golgi intermediates and the cis-Golgi network) before delivery to the medial Golgi compartments containing alpha-1,2-mannosidase II and processing of VSV-G to endoglycosidase H resistant forms. Exit from the ER was inhibited by an antibody recognizing the carboxyl-terminus of VSV-G. In contrast, VSV-G protein colocalized with p58 in the absence of Ca2+ or the presence of an antibody which inhibits the transport component NSF (SEC18). These studies demonstrate that digitonin permeabilized cells can be used to ...

Perez, M., Clemente, R., Robison, C. S., Jeetendra, E., Jayakar, H. R., Whitt, M. A., de la Torre, J. C. Generation and characterization of a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing the glycoprotein of Borna disease virus Journal of Virology 2007 81:5527-5536 DOI:10.1128/jvi.02586-06 PMID:17376911 ...

Intestinal macrophages, unlike macrophages from other tissues, do not support HIV-1 infection or produce proinflammatory cytokines. In vitro studies suggest this unique, functional phenotype is a result of the exposure of newly recruited blood monocytes to intestinal stromal products. However, in AIDS-related CMV colitis, mucosal macrophages express HIV-1 and proinflammatory cytokines. Therefore, we investigated the mechanism by which CMV confers permissiveness to HIV-1 and cytokine production on intestinal macrophages. We show that intestinal stroma-conditioned media (S-CM) down-regulated monocyte-derived macrophage infection by HIV-1 (pseudotyped with YU2 envelope or vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein) and production of TNF-α, but preinfection of the cells with CMV reversed this down-regulation, enhancing HIV-1 infection, p24 production, and TNF-α release. The ability of CMV to reverse S-CM down-regulation of macrophage HIV-1 infection was blocked by anti-TNF-α antibodies and ...

Recombinant DNA techniques were used to delete regions of a cDNA clone of the phosphoprotein NS gene of vesicular stomatitis virus. The complete NS gene and four mutant genes containing internal or terminal deletions were inserted into a modified pGem4 vector under the transcriptional control of the phage T7 promoter. Run-off transcripts were synthesized and translated in vitro to provide [35S]methionine-labeled complete NS or deletion mutant NS proteins. Immune coprecipitation assays involving these proteins were developed to map the regions of the NS protein responsible for binding to the structural viral nucleocapsid protein N and the catalytic RNA polymerase protein L. The data indicate the NS protein is a bivalent protein consisting of two discrete functional domains. Contrary to previous suggestions, the negatively charged amino-terminal half of NS protein binds to L protein, while the carboxyl-terminal half of NS protein binds to both soluble recombinant nucleocapsid protein N and viral ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Role of glycosylation in the H-2-restricted cytolysis of virus-infected cells. AU - Black, P. L.. AU - Vitetta, E. S.. AU - Forman, J.. AU - Kang, C. Y.. AU - May, R. D.. AU - Uhr, J. W.. PY - 1981. Y1 - 1981. N2 - The role of the oligosaccharide portions of cell surface glycoproteins in the susceptibility of virus-infected cells to H-2-restricted cytolysis was investigated by using the antibiotic tunicamycin (TM). TM inhibits the addition of sugars to the polypeptides of glycoproteins. TM treatment of P 815 cells before and during infection with vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) inhibited glycosylation of proteins and reduced by about 50% the lysis of infected P 815 cells by VSV-immune, H-2-identical killer cells. In contrast, TM treatment had a modest inhibitory effect on cytolysis of P 815 cells by alloimmune effector cells. TM treatment did not inhibit the surface expression of either H-2 or VSV glycoprotein. Thus, glycosylation of H-2 and/or viral glycoprotein is a ...

Viral contamination in biopharmaceutical manufacturing can lead to shortages in the supply of critical therapeutics. To facilitate the protection of bioprocesses, we explored the basis for the susceptibility of CHO cells to RNA virus infection. Upon infection with certain ssRNA and dsRNA viruses, CHO cells fail to generate a significant interferon (IFN) response. Nonetheless, the downstream machinery for generating IFN responses and its antiviral activity is intact in these cells: treatment of cells with exogenously-added type I IFN or poly I:C prior to infection limited the cytopathic effect from Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), and Reovirus-3 virus (Reo-3) in a STAT1-dependent manner. To harness the intrinsic antiviral mechanism, we used RNA-Seq to identify two upstream repressors of STAT1: Gfi1 and Trim24. By knocking out these genes, the engineered CHO cells exhibited activation of cellular immune responses and increased resistance to the RNA viruses ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Enhancement of primary and secondary immune responses by interferon-gamma.. AU - Yilma, Tilahun. AU - Owens, S.. AU - Fennie, E. H.. AU - Anderson, K. P.. PY - 1989. Y1 - 1989. N2 - We have investigated the effects of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) administered with G glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), on the neutralizing antibody response. Treatment of mice or cattle with recombinant DNA-derived IFN-gamma at the time of primary immunization with G glycoprotein enhanced the secondary virus-neutralizing antibody response that followed a booster administration of the same antigen without IFN-gamma treatment. Enhancement was statistically significant, and occurred at relatively low doses of IFN-gamma in the absence of any additional adjuvants. Cattle treated with IFN-gamma at the time of primary immunization were also more resistant to VSV challenge than those immunized without IFN-gamma treatment. Such treatment in conjunction with primary immunization may ...

High-risk carcinogenic subtypes of human papilloma virus (HPV) are associated with the development of squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix (CC) and a subset of head and neck (HNSCC). Recurrent metastatic diseases of these sites display a dismal prognosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to unco …

Nipah virus (NiV) continues to cause outbreaks of fatal human encephalitis due to spillover from its bat reservoir. We determined that a single dose of replication-defective vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based vaccine vectors expressing either the NiV fusion (F) or attachment (G) glycoproteins protected hamsters from over 1000 times LD50 NiV challenge. This highly effective single-dose protection coupled with an enhanced safety profile makes these candidates ideal for potential use in livestock and humans.CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United StatesT32 AI007610/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United StatesU54 AI057158/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United StatesU54-AI057158/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States2015-01-01T00:00:00Z24184127PMC38748897469vault:2352 ...

Multiple intravenous injections of a cDNA library, derived from human melanoma cell lines and expressed using the highly immunogenic vector vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), cured mice with established melanoma tumors. Successful tumor eradication was associated with the ability of mouse lymphoid cells to mount a tumor-specific CD4 + interleukin (IL)-17 recall response in vitro. We used this characteristic IL-17 response to screen the VSV-cDNA library and identified three different VSV-cDNA virus clones that, when used in combination but not alone, achieved the same efficacy against tumors as the complete parental virus library. VSV-expressed cDNA libraries can therefore be used to identify tumor rejection antigens that can cooperate to induce anti-tumor responses. This technology should be applicable to antigen discovery for other cancers, as well as for other diseases in which immune reactivity against more than one target antigen contributes to disease pathology. © 2012 Nature America, Inc. ...

Copyright © 2018 The Horse Media Group LLC. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without written permission of The Horse Media Group LLC is prohibited. THE HORSE, THE HORSE logo, THEHORSE.COM and THEHORSE.COM logo are trademarks of The Horse Media Group LLC.. ...

VS is a viral disease that affects horses, cattle, and other livestock. It causes blister-like lesions in the mouth, tongue, lips, nostrils, hooves and teats. As a result of the lesions, infected animals may refuse to eat and drink,

The high correlation in metabolic efficiency within twin pairs in response to therapeutic weight loss suggests a strong genetic contribution. Unexpected effects of a whole body irradiation on cialis prices 5mg the mortality rate of baby mice after an experimental infection with the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) Experimental evidence also shows that in many cases the protein achieves partial sequence specificity by indirect recognition, i.e., by recognizing structural properties of the DNA. Spatial mapping of city-wide PBDE levels using an exponential decay model. We have, therefore, reassigned the name GST omega to this new alpha-class anionic GST of human liver. In contrast, in adrenal medullary-transplanted animals, epibatidine elevated responses to acute noxious stimuli and markedly suppressed phase 2 formalin responses in a dose-related fashion. Two doses of U-74500A (4.0 mg/kg, i.v.) were administered 45 min prior to renal artery occlusion and then 15 min prior to reperfusion. Therefore, ...

Nano-volume drop patterning for rapid on-chip neuronal connect-ability assays. parvum allelic family IIa (IIaA14G2R1, IIaA15G2R1, IIaA17G3R1 and IIaA18G3R1). Influence of peroral antibiotics upon the biotransformatory activity of the intestinal microflora in healthy subjects. Adjuvant radiotherapy must be considered as a treatment option in oncological multidisciplinary meetings, regardless of the quality of surgical resection. Pathway of vesicular stomatitis virus entry leading to infection. The time taken to reach the systolic nadir was variable, ranging from 1-12 min.. New concepts in feminizing genitoplasty-is the Fortunoff flap obsolete? It was studied 238 patients after the reconstructive surgeries of atherosclerotic stenosing lesions of carotid arteries using different types of anesthesia. Furthermore, the anterior horn cells and lateral corticospinal tract are located in the highly vulnerable region of spinal cord, either possibly due to venous engorgement or arterial insufficiency. The ...

Item Name DAIICHI PHARM Brand Name Traful Product Size 12 Sheets Symptoms Keywords Stomatitis (aphthous) The stomatitis (aphthatic), which is the target of this drug, is a whitish circle with a reddish area around the inside of the cheeks, tongue, and the back of the lips, with a shallow, hollow center. It is a general

Kung nagpasya kang gamutin ang stomatitis sa bahay, pagkatapos ay mula pa sa simula ito ay makatuwiran upang simulan ang pagtanggap ng mga gamot na antiallergic (antihistamine), ang pagpili ng kung saan sa parmasya ay sapat na malawak, ang kurso ay 10 araw. Laban sa background ng pagkuha ng mga pondo ng antihistamine, ang paggamit ng mga lokal na antiseptiko, mga painkiller at anti-inflammatory na paraan ay ipinapakita ... isa) Antiseptic rinsing. - Madalas ang sanhi ng thomatitis ay maaaring maging ilang mga uri ng pathogenic bakterya, kaya ang kurso ng antiseptic rinsing ay kinakailangan. Pinakamainam para sa mga matatanda na gumamit ng 0.05% chlorhexidine solution para dito, at kahit na mas mahusay - ang perio-aid rinser na may isang nilalaman ng dalawang antiseptics (chlorhexidine 0.12% at cetylpyridine 0.05%). Banlawan 2-3 beses sa isang araw para sa 1 minuto, kurso 10 araw. 2) Anesthesize at papagbawahin ang pamamaga - Ulcers na may aftenne stomatitis ay maaaring maging lubhang masakit ...

BOSTON, MA (April 13, 2011) In the first study investigating the origins of a little-known condition called chronic ulcerative stomatitis (CUS), researchers at Tufts University School of Dental Medicine provide evidence that an autoimmune response contributes to the painful oral sores that characterize the disease. The study findings support the classification of CUS as a new autoimmune disease. Chronic ulcerative stomatitis is characterized by painful, recurring sores in the mouth. Thus far, it has been diagnosed most frequently in white women in their 40s and 50s and may appear similar to oral erosive lichen planus. Only 39 cases of CUS have been reported in the English-language medical literature since it was identified as a clinically distinct condition in 1989, but it is likely under-diagnosed because of low awareness among clinicians and the extensiveness of the testing that would confirm its presence.. Currently, diagnosing CUS requires a surgical biopsy which then must be sent to an ...

Staying Connected in South Central Indiana: Serving Our Communities Through the Pandemic at The Salvation Army Indiana. The Salvation Army Indiana Division operates 28 corps and centers of service. The Salvation Army throughout Indiana is centrally managed by the Salvation

List of causes of Cough and Mouth symptoms and Stomatitis, alternative diagnoses, rare causes, misdiagnoses, patient stories, and much more.

ANGULAR STOMATITIS/CHEILITIS Definition: Maculopapular and vesicular lesions grouped on the skin at the corners (or angles) of the mouth and the mucocutaneous…

The BVDA have been asked by the Glasgow Dental Hospital & School to provide information regarding Gingivitis Stomatitis. We would ask you to complete a

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Indiana became the sixteenth state admitted to the United States on December 11, 1816. Indiana was created form Indiana Territory and is located in the Midwestern region of the United States.[1] The capital is Indianapolis and there are 92 counties in Indiana. [2] ...

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Summary A dosage effect of chromosomal translocation was used to locate the gene(s) which codes for the human interferon induced antiviral state on the long arm of chromosome 21.

The versions of Indiana Administrative Code sections appearing in this archive are NOT necessarily the most recent versions of these sections. Please go to the Latest Update link to the IAC to see the most recently posted version ...

The versions of Indiana Administrative Code sections appearing in this archive are NOT necessarily the most recent versions of these sections. Please go to the Latest Update link to the IAC to see the most recently posted version ...

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A paved road in an unidentified mostly residential area, likely Indiana. One parked car is shown near a two-story house with a large upstairs porch. A grocery is in the distance along with other residences. The photograph was commissioned by the Kentucky Rock Asphalt Company and the focus on the street indicates it may have been taken as part of preparation or after for road work. The invoice described the associated images as three photographs of road scenes in Indiana. A previous note with this description suggested the photo was made in Louisville, Kentucky ...

Number of Indiana COVID-19 cases, tests, and deaths by report date. New positive cases, deaths and tests have occurred over a range of dates but were reported to ISDH in the.... ...

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Bedford-based Radius Indiana and Eleven Fifty Academy, headquartered in Fishers, have announced a joint effort to increase cybersecurity training in southwest Indiana. Non-profit Eleven Fifty Academy

The Indiana House Republican Caucus is the majority caucus of the Indiana House of Representatives & has 71 legislators, led by House Speaker Brian Bosma.

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Free, official coding info for 2018 ICD-10-CM B08.61 - includes detailed rules, notes, synonyms, ICD-9-CM conversion, index and annotation crosswalks, DRG grouping and more.

PHENOTYPE: Mice homozygous for a knock-out allele exhibit normal immunity to several viruses (IAV, EMCV, SINV) but increased susceptibility to VSV infection. [provided by MGI curators ...