TY - JOUR. T1 - Beneficial effect of microinjected trehalose on the cryosurvival of human oocytes. AU - Eroglu, Ali. AU - Toner, Mehmet. AU - Toth, Thomas L.. PY - 2002/2/5. Y1 - 2002/2/5. N2 - Objective: To determine the effectiveness of trehalose as an intracellular cryoprotectant for the cryopreservation of human oocytes. Design: In vitro comparative study. Setting: Clinical and academic research environment at a medical school teaching hospital. Patient(s): Women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Intervention(s): Discarded human oocytes, obtained from IVF patients, were randomly distributed into three groups: control group (no trehalose), extracellular trehalose group (0.5 M extracellular trehalose), and intracellular trehalose group (0.15 M intra- and 0.5 M extracellular trehalose). Trehalose was introduced into oocytes by microinjection. The oocytes in each group were cooled to different temperatures (i.e., -15°C, -30°C, and -60°C) at rate of 1°C/minute and thawed at ambient air ...
Title: Effects of Trehalose on Pressure-Induced Inactivation of Yeast Alcohol Dehydrogenase. VOLUME: 12 ISSUE: 6. Author(s):Hyun Park, Gene Kidman and Dexter B. Northrop. Affiliation:Center for Drug Evaluation Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University ofWisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, U.S.A.. Keywords:yeast alcohol dehydrogenase, trehalose, hydrostatic pressure, protein denaturation, barostability, thermostability, surface tension. Abstract: Isozymes of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase are slowly denatured at moderate hydrostatic pressures ( < 3 kbar). The time courses for inactivation are biphasic and both phases of both isozymes are protected by trehalose. ADH-I is slightly more barostable than ADH-II which is opposite to their thermostabilities. Trehalose at 1M extends their halflives about 6-fold at 2 kbar, pH 7.5 and 25°C. In contrast, 1M sucrose provides only 4.4-fold protection under identical conditions, a finding consistent with the superior protein ...
Recently, high concentrations of intracellular trehalose (>200mM) were employed to enhance the cryoprotection and desiccation protection of human erythrocytes. However, significant challenges must be overcome if this advancement is to be translated into clinical practice. It is here demonstrated that 247 ± 5 mM intracellular trehalose caused the lysis of 60 ± 2% of erythrocytes upon resuspension in PBS of physiological osmolality (300 mOsm) and caused surviving cells to swell up to 140 ± 2% of isotonic cell volume. Trehalose loaded cells also exhibited 24 ± 1% incidence of phosphatidylserine translocation upon resuspension in 300 mOsm PBS, likely due to loading induced cell swelling. Un-loading of trehalose from erythrocytes using the membrane-permeabilizing biopolymer PP-50 was investigated as a technique to mitigate these damaging effects. After erythrocyte un-loading from 247 ± 5 mM to 39 ± 2 mM intracellular trehalose, cell lysis at 300 mOsm PBS was reduced from 60 ± 2% to 17 ± 3%. ...
Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide formed by two glucose molecules. It is widely distributed in Nature and has been isolated from certain species of bacteria, fungi, invertebrates and plants, which are capable of surviving in a dehydrated state for months or years and subsequently being revived after a few hours of being in contact with water. This disaccharide has many biotechnological applications, as its physicochemical properties allow it to be used to preserve foods, enzymes, vaccines, cells etc., in a dehydrated state at room temperature. One of the most striking findings a decade ago was the discovery of the genes involved in trehalose biosynthesis, present in a great number of organisms that do not accumulate trehalose to significant levels. In plants, this disaccharide has diverse functions and plays an essential role in various stages of development, for example in the formation of the embryo and in flowering. Trehalose also appears to be involved in the regulation of carbon metabolism
Organisms ranging from bacteria, yeast, fungi, insects, invertebrates, and lower and higher plants have enzymes that can make trehalose.[5] In nature, trehalose can be found in plants, and microorganisms. In animals, trehalose is prevalent in shrimp, and also in insects, including grasshoppers, locusts, butterflies, and bees, in which trehalose serves as blood-sugar. Trehalose is then broken down into glucose by the catabolic enzyme trehalase for use. Trehalose is also present in the nutrition exchange liquid of hornets and their larvae.[citation needed]. Trehalose is the major carbohydrate energy storage molecule used by insects for flight. One possible reason for this is that the glycosidic linkage of trehalose, when acted upon by an insect trehalase, releases two molecules of glucose, which is required for the rapid energy requirements of flight. This is double the efficiency of glucose release from the storage polymer starch, for which cleavage of one glycosidic linkage releases only one ...
REGULATION OF THE TREHALOSE SYNTHESIS COMPLEX IN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE E.T.V. TREVISOL1*, A.D. PANEK1, J.F. DE MESQUITA2, E.C.A. ELEUTHERIO1 1 Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 2 Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, E-mail: [email protected] Trehalose…
Trehalose is a disaccharide of glucose found in diverse organisms and is suggested to act as a stress protectant against heat, cold, desiccation, anoxia, and oxidation. Here, we demonstrate that treatment of [nematode worms of the species] Caenorhabditis elegans with trehalose starting from the young-adult stage extended the mean life span by over 30% without any side effects. Surprisingly, trehalose treatment starting even from the old-adult stage shortly thereafter retarded the age-associated decline in survivorship and extended the remaining life span by 60%. Demographic analyses of age-specific mortality rates revealed that trehalose extended the life span by lowering age-independent vulnerability. Moreover, trehalose increased the reproductive span and retarded the age-associated decrease in pharyngeal-pumping rate and the accumulation of lipofuscin.. .... The life span-extending effect of trehalose was abolished in long-lived insulin/IGF-1-like receptor (daf-2) mutants. ... These findings ...
Trehalose repressor, TreR, acts as a repressor of operons involved in trehalose transport and degradation under osmotic stress [3, 4] In the presence of trehalose-6-phosphate and at low osmolarity levels, TreR derepresses an operon related to trehalose transport and catabolism [1, 2] while trehalose is inactive [] TreR occurs as a homodimer and is composed of two domains: an amino-terminal domain that contains a potential helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif, and a carboxy-terminal domain involved in effector recognition [1] This transcription factor is a regulator that belongs to the LacI/GalR family (specifically, to the HutC subfamily) [5] This regulator binds to a 14-bp-long palindromic sequence [1, 2] The crystal structure of the trehalose repressor (TreR) in a complex with its inducer trehalose-6-phosphate has been published [] Based on saturation transfer difference NMR, it was shown that both trehalose-6-phosphate and trehalose bind to TreR with similar affinities ...
White, odorless, sweet-tasting powder. Trehalose is a disaccharide, two simple sugars in one molecule. In trehalose (as in maltose), the two sugars are both glucose. Trehalose, like maltose, is 45% as sweet as sugar. It does not brown like sugar, and has a very low hygroscopicity (moisture attraction), so it stays free-flowing and dry. In trehalose, one glucose molecule is upside-down relative to the other. In maltose, the two glucose molecules are in the same orientation. This small difference reflects in the properties of trehalose. It does not brown when heated, it does not promote bacterial growth or tooth decay as much as maltose or sugar, and it is less attractive to moisture. Trehalose is found in honey, breads, beer, and seafood. ...
Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a pathogenic prokaryote adapted to survive in hostile environments. In this organism and other Gram-positive…
Accepted name: trehalose 6-phosphate phosphorylase. Reaction: α,α-trehalose 6-phosphate + phosphate = glucose 6-phosphate + β-D-glucose 1-phosphate. Systematic name: α,α-trehalose 6-phosphate:phosphate β-D-glucosyltransferase. Comments: The enzyme from Lactococcus lactis is specific for trehalose 6-phosphate. Differs from EC 2.4.1.64, α,α-trehalose phosphorylase, in that trehalose is not a substrate.. Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, Metacyc, CAS registry number: 403512-51-6. References:. 1. Andersson, U., Levander, F. and Radstrom, P. Trehalose 6-phosphate phosphorylase is part of a novel metabolic pathway for trehalose utilization in Lactococcus lactis. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 42707-42713. [PMID: 11553642]. ...
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Trehalose is an unusual non-reducing disaccharide that plays a variety of biological roles, from food storage to cellular protection from environmental stresses such as desiccation, pressure, heat-shock, extreme cold, and oxygen radicals. It is also an integral component of the cell-wall glycolipids of mycobacteria. The primary enzymatic route to trehalose first involves the transfer of glucose from a UDP-glucose donor to glucose-6-phosphate to form alpha,alpha-1,1 trehalose-6-phosphate. This reaction, in which the configurations of two glycosidic bonds are set simultaneously, is catalyzed by the glycosyltransferase trehalose-6-phosphate synthase ( OtsA), which acts with retention of the anomeric configuration of the UDP-sugar donor. The classification of activated sugar-dependent glycosyltransferases into approximately 70 distinct families based upon amino acid sequence similarities places OtsA in glycosyltransferase family 20 (see afmb.cnrs-mrs.fr/CAZY/). The recent 2.4 Angstrom structure of ...
Plant Physiology, June 1999, Vol. 120, pp , American Society of Plant Physiologists Update on Biochemistry Fructan: More Than a Reserve Carbohydrate? 1 Irma Vijn 2 and
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According to the previous results of the molecular identifications of transgenic tobaccos, the representative individuals, CK (non-transgenic), 121 (with p
This natural sugar is used in the food industry as a preservative and flavor enhancer (its in Taco Bells meat filling). And curiously, medical researchers keep running into trehalose when theyre looking for ways to fight neurodegenerative diseases.. A recent example from Emorys Department of Pharmacology: Chris Holler, Thomas Kukar and colleagues were looking for drugs that might boost human cells production of progranulin (PGRN), a growth factor that keeps neurons healthy. Mutations in the progranulin gene are a common cause of frontotemporal dementia.. The Emory scientists discovered two leads: a class of compounds called mTOR inhibitors - the transplant drug rapamycin is one - and trehalose. The team decided to concentrate on trehalose because it increased PGRN levels in neuronal and non-neuronal cell types, unlike the mTOR inhibitors. Their results were published at the end of June in Molecular Neurodegeneration.. The team confirmed their findings by examining the effects of trehalose ...
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The Endowment for Medical Research - Your Resource for glycobiology, including an introduction to glycomics, the science of carbohydrates and protein-carbohydrate interactions, as well as an overview of current glycobiology research.
The Endowment for Medical Research - Your Resource for glycobiology, including an introduction to glycomics, the science of carbohydrates and protein-carbohydrate interactions, as well as an overview of current glycobiology research.
Central carbon metabolism.Our data show that a large proportion of differentially expressed transcripts are related to core metabolic activities of the fermenting yeasts (Tables 1 and 2 and Fig. 4). Several enzymes involved in hexose metabolism, glycolysis, trehalose metabolism, and redox balance are differentially expressed between strains at various stages of fermentation. The analysis of the gene expression levels within the framework of enzyme-enzyme and enzyme-metabolite interaction graphs (using the reporter metabolite approach) helped to pinpoint areas of metabolism that could speculatively be related to strain-strain or time point variation.. Trehalose, glucose-6-phosphate, glucose, UDP-glucose, and fructose-6-phosphate scored high on the multiple analyses across time points during fermentation (Table 5). Indeed, these metabolites did show marked differences in concentration between time points (Fig. 5). Trehalose was also a prominent interstrain reporter for days 2 and 5 (Table 4), and ...
To test the effect of storage at room temperature, MraY assay reagents were stored at room temperature in the dark in the presence or absence of 0.5M trehalose. Reagents were mixed after 0, 2.5 and 5 hours of storage at room temperature and triplicate F590/F520 data were collected at the 1 hour time point. Z calculations could then be obtained from samples with (MAX) and without (MIN) membranes.. To study tunicamycin inhibition, reactions contained 16 µM LRPE, 0 or 15 µg/mL MraY-containing E. coli membrane protein, 0.1 µM B-UNAM-pp and 10 µM C55P in assay buffer containing 0.5 M trehalose. Tunicamycin was diluted with assay buffer and average progress curves without membranes were subtracted from the average progresscurves with membranes to obtain D(F590/F520) and DF520 measurements. Percentage inhibition and IC50s were calculated.. ...
Figure 1. Trehalose metabolism by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Structure of trehalose a-D-glucosyl-1 1-a-D-glucose is shown in the upper panel. Transport is
The food enzyme with 4‐α‐d‐{(1‐,4)‐α‐d‐glucano}trehalose trehalohydrolase ((4‐α‐d‐[(1,4‐α‐d‐glucano]trehalose glucanohydrolase (trehalose‐producing)), EC 3.2.1.141) and (1‐,4)‐α‐d‐glucan 1‐α‐d‐glucosylmutase ((1,4)‐α‐d‐glucan 1‐α‐d‐glucosylmutase, E .... ...
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Trehalose (mycose, tremalose) sugar molecule. Atoms are represented as spheres and are colour coded: hydrogen (white), carbon (black), oxygen (red). Illustration. - Stock Image F012/9385
Trehalose is an odorless, white crystalline powder with a sweet taste and is virtually odorless. It prevents starch deterioration and protein denaturati...
Active serum in the form of emulsions based on neuropeptide, trehalose, coenzyme Q10, squalane, and niacinamide. It provides a multi-directional moisturizing effect, rebuilding the lipid barrier and filling mimic wrinkles. FEATURES: rebuilt hydro-lipid skin barrier visibly improved skin texture and resilience restored
Global Trehalose Consumption Industry 2016 Market Research Report is an in depth study providing complete analysis of the industry for the period 2016 â€
Trehalose supplier for the UK and Europe. We supply to most universities, many businesses and many end user customers. We supply mainly food grade but can also supply both pharmaceutical grades and endotoxin free grades.
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DE ARAUJO, Pedro Soares. Role of trehalose in cell stress. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, Ribeirao Preto, v. 29, p. 873-5, 1996 ...
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Creative-Proteomics offer cas β, β-trehalose (β-D-Glcp-(1↔1)-β-D-Glcp). We are specialized in manufacturing Stabel Isotope Labeled Analytical Standard products.
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Oocyte cryopreservation is extremely beneficial for assisted reproductive technologies, the treatment of infertility and biotechnology and offers a viable alternative to embryo freezing and ovarian grafting approaches for the generation of embryonic stem cells and live offspring. It also offers the potential to store oocytes to rescue endangered species by somatic cell nuclear transfer and for the generation of embryonic stem cells to study development in these species. We vitrified mouse oocytes using a range of concentrations of trehalose (0 to 0.3 M) and demonstrated that 0.1 and 0.3 M trehalose had similar developmental rates, which were significantly different to the 0.2 M cohort (P , 0.05). As mitochondria are important for fertilisation outcome, we observed that the clustering and distribution of mitochondria of the 0.2 M cohort were more affected by vitifrication than the other groups. Nevertheless, all 3 cohorts were able to develop to blastocyst, following in vitro fertilisation, ...
Hydrolyzes trehalose-6-phosphate to glucose and glucose 6-phosphate. Can also very effectively hydrolyzes p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, but it does not recognize trehalose, sucrose, maltose, isomaltose, or maltodextrins.
The product of this reaction is dephosphorylated by EC 3.1.3.79 to form the non-reducing disaccharide mannosylfructose, which is the major endogenous osmolyte produced by several alpha-proteobacteria in response to osmotic stress ...
Phosphatase Subunit Of The Trehalose-6-P Synthase/phosphatase Complex; Involved In Synthesis Of The Storage Carbohydrate Trehalose; Expression Is Induced By Stress Conditions And Repressed By The Ras-cAMP Pathway; Protein Abundance Increases In Response To DNA Replication Stress
Application: ELISA, In vitro neutralization and Western blot analysis. Isotype: Rabbit Ig. Antigen: For immunization recombinant mouse TNF-alpha (E.coli-derived) is used. Purification: Antibodies were sequentially purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and protein A-affinity chromatography. Packaging: Lyophilized and vacuum-packed. Contents: 0.5 mg/vial. Buffer: Prior to lyophilization: 0.5 ml PBS + 125 mM trehalose. Specificity: Binds with high affinity to and efficiently neutralizes both natural and recombinant mouse TNF-alpha. High degree of cross-neutralizing activity with rat TNF-alpha.
Application: ELISA systems, In vitro neutralization, Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. Clone: DB-14 Isotype: Mouse IgG|sub|2a Production: In vitro using serum free medium. Purification: Ion exchange chromatography. Packaging: Lyophilized and vacuum-packed. Contents: 0.5 mg/vial Buffer: Prior to lyophilization: 0.5 ml PBS + 125 mM trehalose. Specificity: Neutralizes both natural and recombinant rat IFN-gamma in vitro. The antibody does not cross-react with mouse and human IFN-gamma and does not bind to rat IFN-alpha and -beta.
absence according addition affect agent agents altering alternative although amounts approved assuming balance beyond biochemistry biologically biology branch build buildup cancer cell chemistry choice choices clear clinical clinically coil commonly concentration concentrations consumption contrast crystal curves dependent dissolution distribution dominated effective efficiency electron emerged equilibrium equivalent essential exceeding expand expected exponential fast faster favorable field final formation formulation freezing function glass glassing glycerol growth health help immobile improved include included increasing inert injections inside institute institutes intestine inversion kinetics liver long made matrix measured metabolic metabolically metabolism metabolized mouse national near noise oxford peak perturb perturbing pharmaceutical phosphate plot polarization polarizes population potential potentially presence profile proteins protocols pulsed pyruvate radiation radical rapidly ...
中国科学院生物物理研究所是国家生命科学基础研究所,创建于1958年,其前身是1957年建立的北京实验生物研究所,著名生物学家贝时璋院士任第一任所长,现任所长为许瑞明研究员。
krh:KRH_18640 K05343 maltose alpha-D-glucosyltransferase / alpha-amylase [EC:5.4.99.16 3.2.1.1] , (GenBank) treS; trehalose synthase (A) MSTTPFHLNSPGIAHDPDWFRKAVFYEVLVRAFSDANGDGSGDFTGLIDKLDYLQWLGID CLWLPPFYESPLRDGGYDISDYYSVLDEFGTVSDFKRLVAEAHARGLRVITDLPLNHTSD QHPWFQASREDPEGPYGDFYVWSDTDEKYQDARIIFVDTEVSNWTFDPVRRQFFWHRFFS HQPDLNFENPKVVEAVFDVVKFWLDMGIDGFRADAIPYLIEEEGTNCENLPGTHDFLVRL REMVDREYPGRVIIAEANQMPHEVVEYFGTEDSPECHMCFHFPIMPRIYYSLRDQKAAPI VSTMANTPQIPRGTQWGTFLRNHDELTLEMVTSEERQAMLGWYAPDSRMRANIGIRRRLA PLLDNSRAELELAHALLLSLPGSPFLYYGDEIGMGDNIWLDDRDASRTPMQWTPDRNAGF STADPGKLYLPVVQSLVYNYAQTNVETQLASSSSLLHWIRQMLMVRKAHPAFGMGEYINV DTDHESVLAFLRRLAPEDADDGVGETLLCVFNLAHTPASCSVHLAEYAGRGTRELFGGEP FGEFSEAGDYRVTLGSQDFFWLRLRTAPSPDGHHPETVAMPIIRPARGE ...
K05343 maltose alpha-D-glucosyltransferase / alpha-amylase [EC:5.4.99.16 3.2.1.1] , (RefSeq) treS; trehalose synthase/amylase ...
car:cauri_0565 K05343 maltose alpha-D-glucosyltransferase / alpha-amylase [EC:5.4.99.16 3.2.1.1] , (GenBank) treS; trehalose synthase (A) MTWHDNAIFYQALVGSYKDAHGEGVGTLRGVIEKLDYLKWLGVDCLWLSPFYASPLRDDG YDIADYYAIHPDYGTMEDFDELVAELHTRGMRLMTDLAFNHTSTDHPWFQASRTDPEGPY GDYYVWGDDPLRYPEIRIIFTDTETSNWAWDPERKQYYFHRFYSHQPDLNYDNPKVHEEV FKILSFWLDKGVDGFRLDAIAYLYERDGVGGESLPETVDFVEKVRAFIDENYPEAIMIAE ANQPPEETMEFYGTGNRFHMVFNFPVMPRLYQALALGDATPVYDIMAELPELPQGCQWGT FLRNHDELTLEMVDEDQRAIMYQHYLPDEQMRAHVGIARRLAPLLGNDYRKIELFYSLLM TLPGAPFLYYGDEIGMNDAPELPDRDAVRTPMQWEPGEGAGFSTSAQTRRPIVGGVGVSV EEQLADDSSLLHRLRGLIQQRKAHPKLGTAPFEAVETGQTGVLGFQRGELLCLHNFTDQT VDLGPVELGPYGYAWLPVEV ...
Two recombinant trehalose synthases from Deinococcus geothermalis (DSMZ 11300) were compared. A significant influence of the artificial polyhistidine tag was observed in protein constitution. The recombinant trehalose synthase from D. geothermalis with His6-tag has a higher Km value of 254 mM, in comparison with the wild-type trehalose synthase (Km 170 mM), and displayed a lower activity of maltose conversion when compared to the wild type. Moreover, differences in properties like temperature, pH, thermal- and pH-stability were observed. Presence of the histidine tag caused a decrease of thermal resistance in case of trehalose synthase with His6-tag. These data confirmed a suggestion that the introduction of the histidine domain produces in some seldom cases undesirable changes in the protein ...
TREHALOSE PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN MYCOBACTERIA, PERFORMING VARIOUS FUNCTIONS SUCH AS BEING THE CARRIAGE OF MYCOLIC ACIDS AND IN THE FUNCTIONALIZATION OF MYCOLIC ACIDS INTO OM GLYCOLIPIDS. EARLIER WORK DONE BY THE AUTHOR SUGGESTED THAT NEW TYPES OF MYCOLIC ACID INTERMEDIATES ARE ACCUMULATING IN BOTH THE PRESENCE AND ABSENCE OF EXOGENOUS TREHALOSE IN A MYCOBACTERIUM SMEGMATIS STRAIN THAT IS AN AUXOTROPH FOR TREHALOSE. HOWEVER, THE IDENTITIES OF THESE INTERMEDIATES HAVE YET TO BE CHARACTERIZED.IN THIS WORK, WE AIMED TO CHARACTERIZE THESE MYCOLIC ACID INTERMEDIATES BY FIRST VERIFYING THEIR IDENTITIES AS MYCOLATES. THEREAFTER, WE TRIED TO CHARACTERIZE THEIR INTERMEDIATES FURTHER TO ELUCIDATE THEIR IDENTITIES. HOWEVER, WE WERE UNSUCCESSFUL IN OUR ATTEMPTS. FURTHER OPTIMIZATION OF THE EXPERIMENTS PERFORMED HAS BEEN PLANNED. DATA FROM THESE CHARACTERIZATIONS STUDIES THAT WILL BETTER OUR UNDERSTANDING OF HOW TREHALOSE COULD REGULATE MYCOLIC ACID BIOSYNTHESIS ...
G6P -, UDP TRE6P tsl1 subunit of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase\/phosphatase complex\; homologous to TPS3 gene product YMR261C 2.4.1.15 TPS3 trehalose-6-P synthetase, 115 kD regulatory UDPG + G6P -, UDP + TRE6P tps3 subunit of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase\/phosphatase complex YDR074W 3.1.3.12 TPS2 Trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase TRE6P -, TRE + PI tps2 YPR026W 3.2.1.28 ATH1 Acid trehalase TRE -, 2 GLC ath1 YBR001C 3.2.1.28 NTH2 Neutral trehalase, highly homologous to NthIp TRE -, 2 GLC nth2 YDR001C 3.2.1.28 NTH1 neutral trehalase TRE -, 2 GLC nth1 Glycogen Metabolism (sucorose and sugar metabolism) YEL011W 2.4.1.18 glc3 Branching enzyme, 1,4-glucan-6-(1,4-glucano)- GLYCOGEN + PI -, G1P glc3 transferase YPR160W 2.4.1.1 GPH1 Glycogen phosphorylase GLYCOGEN + PI -, G1P gph1 YFR015C 2.4.1.11 GSY1 Glycogen synthase (UDP-gluocse--starch UDPG -, UDP + GLYCOGEN gsy1 glucosyltransferase) YLR258W 2.4.1.11 GSY2 Glycogen synthase (UDP-gluocse--starch UDPG -, UDP + GLYCOGEN gsy2 glucosyltransferase) ...
Purpose : Tear lipid deficiency is common among dry eye patients, leading to rapid tear film evaporation and instability, with symptoms of discomfort and visual disturbance. This investigation tested the clinical performance of a novel eye drop containing lubricant polymers, osmoprotectants including the disaccharide trehalose, and emulsified flaxseed oil, a source of the omega-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid. Methods : 242 dry eye subjects were enrolled in this multi-center, randomized, double-masked, controlled clinical trial. Subjects used either the novel eye drop containing flaxseed oil and trehalose (OM3) or a marketed lipid-containing eye drop (Refresh Optive® Advanced, ROA,). Both products were supplied in identical unit-dose vials, and subjects dosed as needed, at least 2X per day, for 90 days, following a 1-week run-in with a standard aqueous tear (Refresh Plus®). The primary outcome variable was the change from baseline in Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score at Day 90. Other ...
Trehalose (α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside) is a non-reducing disaccharide present in fungi, algae and several invertebrate phyla such as nematodes, annelids and arthropods (see Elbein, 1974). In many insects, trehalose constitutes the major haemolymph (blood) sugar, whereas glucose is often present at much lower concentrations (for a review, see Wyatt, 1967; Becker et al., 1996). Trehalose is synthesized and released into the haemolymph by the fat body, the central organ of intermediary metabolism in insects (Candy and Kilby, 1959, 1961).. Trehalose is split into two glucose units by the enzyme trehalase (EC 3.2.1.28), which is present in many insect tissues (for a review, see Becker et al., 1996). In locusts, the enzyme has been found in thoracic ganglia (Strang and Clement, 1980), brain and skeletal muscle. Trehalase activity is very low in locust haemolymph, and it is doubtful whether this activity is due to a `true trehalase (Vaandrager et al., 1989). High activity has been found ...
Protein target information for Trehalose synthase/amylase TreS (Mycobacterium tuberculosis CDC1551). Find diseases associated with this biological target and compounds tested against it in bioassay experiments.
In this study, we examined the transcript level of Ab-tps1, Ab-tps2 and Ab-tre mRNA. Our study showed that the function of these three genes was related to osmobiosis as they influenced the resumption of vitality and the survival rate of the nematodes, and responded positively to hypertonic osmotic pressure within a restricted time frame.. Before nematodes enter osmobiosis, they experience a dehydration process causing gradual changes in vitality and morphology of the nematodes (Glazer and Salame, 2000) and these changes can be divided into five stages. When dehydrated nematodes are immersed in water they undergo a lag period related to the severity of desiccation (Wharton and Aalders, 1999) and present considerable morphological changes (Opperman, 2000; Wharton et al., 1985). The presence of a lag period suggests that certain repair or restoration processes must be undertaken before normal nematode activity can resume (Wharton and Aalders, 1999). Increased exposure to desiccation increases the ...
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While E. coli only synthesizes trehalose under conditions of high osmolarity, it can degrade the sugar under conditions of both low and high osmolarity. In fact, E. coli can grow with trehalose as the sole carbon source. Different pathways are employed under different osmolarity conditions. Under high osmotic conditions the bacterium synthesizes large amounts of trehalose, which is used as an osmoprotectant [ Giaever88 ]. Trehalose molecules that leak from the cytoplasm into the periplasm can be recycled by the action of the TreA, a periplasmic trehalase. TreA breaks trehalose into two glucose molecules, which are then recycled by transport back into the cytoplasm through the glucose PTS [ Styrvold91 ]. Another function of TreA is the utilization of external trehalose under conditions of high osmolarity [ Boos87 ]. A second trehalase, which is cytoplasmic (encoded by the treF gene), is active during the transition period between high and low osmolarity. As the cells are shifting their metabolism ...
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Large subunit of trehalose 6-phosphate synthase/phosphatase complex; Tps1p-Tps2p complex converts uridine-5-diphosphoglucose and glucose 6-phosphate to trehalose; mutant has aneuploidy tolerance; protein abundance increases in response to DNA replication stress; TSL1 has a paralog, TPS3, that arose from the whole genome duplication ...
Catalytic domain of Suppressor of loss of cAMP-dependent protein kinase-like Protein Serine/Threonine Kinases. Serine/Threonine Kinases (STKs), Fission yeast Suppressor of loss of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (Sck1)-like subfamily, catalytic (c) domain. STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. The Sck1-like subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase. This subfamily is composed of fungal proteins with similarity to the Schizosaccharomyces pombe STK Sck1. Sck1 plays a role in trehalase activation triggered by glucose and a nitrogen source. Trehalase catalyzes the cleavage of the disaccharide trehalose to glucose. Trehalose, as a carbohydrate reserve and stress metabolite, plays an important role in the response of yeast to environmental changes. ...
It can cause swollen liver, liver cancer and liver failure. It is believed to develop when the liver works to process dietary sugar and fructose --- particularly those found in high-fructose sugars in soft drinks and processed food. Unlike artificial sugars, trehalose is a natural sugar found in plants and insects which is approved by the FDA for human consumption. Doctors from St. Louis Childrens Hospital in Missouri found that the mice that develop fatty livers in response to a high-fructose diet have a protein on the surface of their liver cells -- the protein is named GLUT8. Researchers directed their efforts at blocking the GLUT8. They decided to test trehalose. For the study, they fed mice a combination of ahigh-fructose diet and drinking water that contained 3% trehalose. The results? Trehalose completely blocked the development of a fatty liver. Additionally, the mice had a lower body weight while and cholesterol levels, fatty acids and triglycerides were all reduced! Mushrooms, ...
According to the United States Pharmacopeia and the National Formulary (USP 40-NF 35*), the assay of trehalose and the analysis of related substances should be carried out with a column with L58 packing material and meets following requirements. The SUGAR KS-801 confirmed the requirements were met ...
Amyloid plaques are present in the brain of people with multiple neurological conditions, including DS, autism, and Alzheimers. This scarring of the brain prevents correct brain function, new neuron connections, learning and development. Research on a novel treatment, trehalose, has shown benefit in Alzheimers, but has not been researched on pediatric patients. Dr. Skowron will give the results of his research studies on Trehloase in children, showing benefits in behavior and learning.. ...
Nutra Luxe MD 露樂思,COSMECEUTICALS,AHA海藻糖B5高效保濕露 AHA B5 Trehalose Moisturizing Complex的詳細商品介紹,有網友推薦最新0篇化妝品使用心得分享,還有提供通路訊息、試用機會、優惠訊息與相關報導等相關資訊。
Encysted embryos of Artemia franciscana undergo a dramatic respiratory depression upon release from the adult female as they enter a state of hypometabolism termed diapause. The mechanisms by which such a respiratory depression is achieved remain unexplained. Evidence presented here shows that strategic enzymes involved in trehalose catabolism are inhibited during diapause, namely trehalase, hexokinase, pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase. Trehalose is the sole source of fuel in the embryos of A. franciscana, and hence downregulation of trehalose catabolism results in severe limitation of metabolic fuel available to the embryo during diapause. Western blot data demonstrates that pyruvate dehydrogenase becomes phosphorylated during entrance into diapause, and as a consequence, one would predict PDH to be strongly inhibited in this state. Restriction of glycolytic flux will lead to metabolic starvation of the mitochondrion, and in turn will reduce mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation during
This whitepaper will provide an introduction to high-purity carbohydrates often used for applications such as stabilisation, modulation, and cryopreservation, comparing the old paradigm that formulation components are inactive ingredients with limited functionality with the new paradigm, which suggests these components play a significant role in therapeutic stability, quality, potency, immunogenicity, and bioavailability. It will also provide analytical results of T-104-4 Trehalose, S-124-1-MC Cane Sucrose, and S-124-2-MC Beet Sucrose, as well as the findings of two case studies, one on monoclonal antibody (mAb) product quality and another regarding glucan versus endotoxins. Download this whitepaper to find out about these topics and others, including a short biography of Pfanstiehl, applications of high-purity carbohydrates, and lists of approved drugs formulated with trehalose, mAbs, and antibody drug conjugates ( ADC) using trehalose and sucrose ...
A nonreducing disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose linked via their anomeric carbons. It is obtained commercially from sugarcane, sugar beet (beta vulgaris), and other plants and used extensively as a food and a sweetener. [PubChem]
Data from plants transformed to accumulate fructan are assessed in the context of natural concentrations of reserve carbohydrates and natural fluxes of carbon in primary metabolism: Transgenic fructan accumulation is universally reported as an instantaneous endpoint concentration. In exceptional cases, concentrations of 60-160 mg g-1 fresh mass were reported and compare favourably with naturally occurring maximal starch and fructan content in leaves and storage organs. Generally, values were less than 20 mg g-1 for plants transformed with bacterial genes ...
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Trehalose Sucrose Mannitol (New) Maltose Galactose (New) Mannose www.Pfanstiehl.com The stabilizing benefits of trehalose include but are not limited to: The benefits of sucrose include but are not limited to: The various benefits imparted by Mannitol include but are not limited to: Sodium Succinate (New) The applications of maltose include but are not limited to: The various benefits imparted by Galactose in bioproduction include but are not limited to: The various benefits imparted by Mannose in bioprodu
Trehalose Sucrose Mannitol (New) Maltose Galactose (New) Mannose www.Pfanstiehl.com The stabilizing benefits of trehalose include but are not limited to: The benefits of sucrose include but are not limited to: The various benefits imparted by Mannitol include but are not limited to: Sodium Succinate (New) The applications of maltose include but are not limited to: The various benefits imparted by Galactose in bioproduction include but are not limited to: The various benefits imparted by Mannose in bioprodu
TreS; Trehalose synthase, Maltose alpha-D-glucosyltransferase; Alpha amylase, catalytic subdomain; K05343 maltose alpha-D-glucosyltransferase / alpha-amylase [EC:5.4.99.16 3.2.1.1] ...
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